如何用linux批量備份服務(wù)器配置文件和目錄的腳本

本篇內(nèi)容介紹了“如何用linux批量備份服務(wù)器配置文件和目錄的腳本”的有關(guān)知識(shí)，在實(shí)際案例的操作過(guò)程中，不少人都會(huì)遇到這樣的困境，接下來(lái)就讓小編帶領(lǐng)大家學(xué)習(xí)一下如何處理這些情況吧！希望大家仔細(xì)閱讀，能夠?qū)W有所成！

功能：
1. 只在備份機(jī)執(zhí)行，遠(yuǎn)程的服務(wù)器只需要允許備份機(jī)用root通過(guò)密鑰登錄；
2. 在備份機(jī)上配置需要備份哪些服務(wù)器，在NEED_BACKUP_SERVERS這個(gè)數(shù)組增減；
3. 在備份機(jī)上配置需要備份服務(wù)器上哪些文件，在NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL這個(gè)數(shù)組增減，如果需要備份某臺(tái)服務(wù)器上NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL數(shù)組里定義的某個(gè)文件就備份，不存在的文件則自動(dòng)跳過(guò)，例如Web服務(wù)器上沒(méi)my.cnf ， 也沒(méi)有影響；
4. 如果服務(wù)器上產(chǎn)生的新備份和已經(jīng)存在已往備份內(nèi)容一樣則只保留時(shí)間較早的備份。因?yàn)榉?wù)器的配置文件不是經(jīng)常改動(dòng)的；
5. 通過(guò)修改定義KEEP_BACKUP_NUM為個(gè)變量，可以決定遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器上保留最近多少份備份，我這里定義的是10份。備份機(jī)上保留所有遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器的備份。因?yàn)榕渲梦募急容^小，不用擔(dān)心磁盤空間占用問(wèn)題。

用過(guò)下列技術(shù)：
1. 獲取遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器IP，如果某臺(tái)服務(wù)器沒(méi)有公網(wǎng)IP則使用該服務(wù)器的“主機(jī)名_IP.備份年月日_備份時(shí)間.tar.gz
2. 通過(guò)循環(huán)、判斷，對(duì)數(shù)組中的元素重新賦值；

下載之后請(qǐng)留意版本號(hào)和更新日志。

代碼如下:

#!/bin/bash
##################################################################
# Backup_Config_Files_Of_Remote_Servers
# Env: Centos 5.5 x86_64
# Created by Hernan on 2011-04-06
# Copyright 2010 __Chengyongxu.com__. All rights reserved.
#
# Version: 1.4.6
# Revision History
##################################################################

# Local Tmp Dir Of This Script
THIS_SCRIPT_TMP=/tmp/Do_at_remote_server.sh
THIS_SCRIPT_TMP_NAME=`echo $THIS_SCRIPT_TMP|awk -F/ '{print $NF}'`
# Local Backup Dir
LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR=/tmp/IDC_config_backup

# Need Backup Servers And Files List
REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR=/tmp/Backup_server_config_files_tmp
NEED_BACKUP_SERVERS=(\
10.0.0.52
server_a_ip \
server_b_ip \
server_c_ip \
server_d_ip \
chengyongxu.com \
)
NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL=(\
/etc/hosts \
/etc/httpd/conf/*.conf \
/etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf \
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/my.cnf \
/etc/postfix \
/root/bin/*sh \
/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg \
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/*cfg \
/usr/local/nginx/conf \
/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini \
/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf \
/usr/local/php-fcgi/etc/php.ini \
/usr/local/php-fcgi/etc/php-fpm.conf \
/usr/local/sphinx/etc/*.conf \
/var/spool/cron \
)
KEEP_BACKUP_NUM=10

SSH_PORT=22
SSH_USER=root

##################################################################
#
# Global Functions
#
##################################################################

#========= !!!! Warning ! Don't edit next function !!!! =========#
# Create Script Tmp File
Create_Script (){
cat << EOF > $THIS_SCRIPT_TMP
#!/bin/bash

NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL=(${NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL[*]})

# How many nums the backup needed
BAKNUM=$KEEP_BACKUP_NUM

REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR=$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR
SERVER_IP=\`/sbin/ifconfig|grep "inet addr"|cut -f 2 -d ":"|cut -f 1 -d " "|grep -vE "^10.|^127|^172.16|^192.168"\`
BACKUP_TIME=\`date +%Y%m%d_%H%M\`

##################################################################
#
# Compress NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL
#
##################################################################
# If IPv4 private address only, use hostname.ip
if [ -z \$SERVER_IP ]
then
    SERVER_IP=\`hostname\`_\`/sbin/ifconfig|grep "inet addr"|cut -f 2 -d ":"|cut -f 1 -d " "|grep -vE "^127"|head -n 1\`
fi

# Create Tpm dir
if [ ! -d \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR ]
then
    mkdir -p \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR
fi

# Compress
for file in \${NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL[*]}
do
    # When you want to backup the file exists,
    #   assign to an element of the new array
    while [ -e \$file ]
    do
        NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL_EXISTS[\$num]=\$file
        let num++
    break
    done
done
tar zcfpP \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/\$SERVER_IP.\$BACKUP_TIME.tar.gz \${NEED_BACKUP_DETAIL_EXISTS[*]}

##################################################################
#
# If files are the same,keep one only
#
##################################################################
NEW_BACKUP_ARCHIVE_CONTENT=\`tar tvf \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/\$SERVER_IP.\$BACKUP_TIME.tar.gz\`
for backfile in \`ls \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR | grep tar.gz |grep -v \$SERVER_IP.\$BACKUP_TIME\`
do
    OLD_BACKUP_ARCHIVE_CONTENT=\`tar tvf \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/\$backfile\`
    while [ "\$NEW_BACKUP_ARCHIVE_CONTENT" = "\$OLD_BACKUP_ARCHIVE_CONTENT" ]
    do
        rm -rvf \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/\$SERVER_IP.\$BACKUP_TIME.tar.gz 1 >> \$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/delete_new.log
    break
    done
done

##################################################################
#
# Keep Some Backup Files Newest
#
##################################################################
count=0
for name in \`ls \$BAKPATH/ |grep -E '[0-9]{6,6}' | sort -r\`
do
  count=\$((count+1))
  if [ \$count -gt \$BAKNUM ] ; then
    echo -n "Cleaning old backup: \$name... "
      if [ "\$BAKPATH/\$name" = "/" ] ; then
        echo "No rm -rf /!"
        exit 1
      fi
      rm -rf \$BAKPATH/\$name
    echo " Done."
  else
    echo "Keeping old backup: \$name"
  fi
done
exit
EOF
}

Copy_Script_To_Remote (){
for server in ${NEED_BACKUP_SERVERS[*]}
do
ssh -p $SSH_PORT -tt $SSH_USER@$server << EOT
mkdir -p $REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR
exit
EOT
scp -P $SSH_PORT $THIS_SCRIPT_TMP $SSH_USER@$server:$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/
done
}

Backup_On_Remote_Then_Copy_Back (){
for server in ${NEED_BACKUP_SERVERS[*]}
do
ssh -p $SSH_PORT -tt $SSH_USER@$server << EOP
chmod o+x $REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/$THIS_SCRIPT_TMP_NAME
sh $REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/$THIS_SCRIPT_TMP_NAME
rm -f $REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/$THIS_SCRIPT_TMP_NAME
exit
EOP
rsync -e "ssh -p $SSH_PORT" $SSH_USER@$server:$REMOTE_SERVER_TMP_DIR/*tar.gz $LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR/
done
}

##################################################################
#
# Main
#
##################################################################
#
Create_Script
Copy_Script_To_Remote
Backup_On_Remote_Then_Copy_Back
rm -rf $THIS_SCRIPT_TMP

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