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本篇文章為大家展示了shell中有哪些判斷命令,內(nèi)容簡明扼要并且容易理解,絕對能使你眼前一亮,通過這篇文章的詳細介紹希望你能有所收獲。
Shell常用特殊變量
經(jīng)常會在shell命令中,看到$0, $#, $*, $@, $?, $$這樣的取值,這些代表什么呢?
變量 | 含義 |
---|---|
$0 | 當前腳本的文件名 |
$n | 傳遞給腳本或函數(shù)的參數(shù)。n 是一個數(shù)字,表示第幾個參數(shù)。例如,第一個參數(shù)是$1,第二個參數(shù)是$2 |
$# | 傳遞給腳本或函數(shù)的參數(shù)個數(shù) |
$* | 傳遞給腳本或函數(shù)的所有參數(shù) |
$@ | 傳遞給腳本或函數(shù)的所有參數(shù)。被雙引號(” “)包含時,與 $* 稍有不同 |
$? | 上個命令的退出狀態(tài),或函數(shù)的返回值。成功返回0,失敗返回1 |
$$ | 當前Shell進程ID。對于 Shell 腳本,就是這些腳本所在的進程ID |
$* 和 $@ 都是將參數(shù)一個一個返回
"$*"將所有參數(shù)當做一個整體字符串返回 , "$@"將參數(shù)一個一個返回
常用判斷參數(shù)
在shell命令文件中還經(jīng)常會看到類似與if [ -z "${SPARK_HOME}" ]; then這樣的判斷語句?是不是也和我一樣很疑惑-z是什么含義?
下面是幾個常見的參數(shù),供查詢使用:
-a file exists. -b file exists and is a block special file. -c file exists and is a character special file. -d file exists and is a directory. -e file exists (just the same as -a). -f file exists and is a regular file. -g file exists and has its setgid(2) bit set. -G file exists and has the same group ID as this process. -k file exists and has its sticky bit set. -L file exists and is a symbolic link. -n string length is not zero. -o Named option is set on. -O file exists and is owned by the user ID of this process. -p file exists and is a first in, first out (FIFO) special file or named pipe. -r file exists and is readable by the current process. -s file exists and has a size greater than zero. -S file exists and is a socket. -t file descriptor number fildes is open and associated with a terminal device. -u file exists and has its setuid(2) bit set. -w file exists and is writable by the current process. -x file exists and is executable by the current process. -z string length is zero.
判斷命令
shell中除了有上邊這樣用來判斷文件是否存在的參數(shù),當然還有判斷兩個數(shù)是否相等這樣更常規(guī)的命令
例如,if [ $# -gt 0 ]這樣判斷傳入?yún)?shù)個數(shù)是否為0
命令 | 含義 |
---|---|
-eq | 等于 |
-ne | 不等于 |
-gt | 大于 |
-lt | 小于 |
ge | 大于等于 |
le | 小于等于 |
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