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本篇文章為大家展示了使用shell怎么實現(xiàn)一個mysql定時備份、刪除、恢復(fù)功能,內(nèi)容簡明扼要并且容易理解,絕對能使你眼前一亮,通過這篇文章的詳細介紹希望你能有所收獲。
mysql備份腳本:
腳本實現(xiàn):按照數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱,全量備份mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫并定期刪除
#!/bin/bash #全備方式,一般在從機上執(zhí)行,適用于小中型mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫 #刪除15天以前備份 #作者:lcm_linux #時間:2019.08.06 source ~/.bash_profile #加載用戶環(huán)境變量 set -o nounset #引用未初始化變量時退出 set -o errexit #執(zhí)行shell命令遇到錯誤時退出 #備份用戶---需要在mysql中提前創(chuàng)建并授權(quán) #GRANT SELECT,RELOAD,LOCK TABLES,REPLICATION CLIENT,SHOW VIEW,TRIGGER,EVENT ON *.* TO 'backup'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'baifendian'; user="backup" #備份用戶密碼 password="123456" #mysql連接端口 port="3306" mysql_path="/usr/local/mysql" date=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S) del_date=$(date +%Y-%m-%d) #備份路徑---需要修改 backup_path="/opt/mysql_backup/new-bak/data" backup_log_path="/opt/mysql_backup/new-bak/log" day=0 backup_log="/opt/mysql_backup/new-bak/log/mysqldump_backup_${date}.log" # 除了127.0.0.1以外的ip截取 /sbin/ifconfig -a|grep inet|grep -v 127.0.0.1|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}'|tr -d "addr:" #刪除以前備份 find ${backup_path} -type f -mtime +$day -name "*.tar.gz" -exec rm -rf {} \; > /dev/null 2>&1 for f in `ls $backup_path`; do if [[ $f = ${del_date}_* ]]; then rm -rf $backup_path/$f fi done #建立備份目錄 if [ ! -e $backup_path/${date} ];then mkdir -p {$backup_path/${date},$backup_log_path} fi #echo "開始備份所有數(shù)據(jù)庫" echo "備份開始,結(jié)果查看 $backup_log" echo "==========All databases backups begin==========" >>$backup_log #備份并壓縮 for dbname in $(mysql -P$port -u$user -p$password -A -e "show databases\G"|grep Database|grep -v schema|grep -v test|awk '{print $2}') do sleep 1 mysqldump -P$port -u$user -p$password $dbname > $backup_path/${date}/$dbname.sql if [[ $? == 0 ]];then cd $backup_path/${date} size=$(du $backup_path/${date}/$dbname.sql -sh | awk '{print $1}') echo "備份時間:${date} 備份方式:mysqldump 備份數(shù)據(jù)庫:$dbname($size) 備份狀態(tài):成功!" >>$backup_log else cd $backup_path/${date} echo "備份時間:${date} 備份方式:mysqldump 備份數(shù)據(jù)庫:${dbname} 備份狀態(tài):失敗,請查看日志." >>$backup_log fi done cd $backup_path tar zcpvf mysql_all_databases_$date.tar.gz $date rm -rf $backup_path/$date du mysql_all_databases_$date.tar.gz -sh | awk '{print "文件:" $2 ",大小:" $1}' echo "==========All databases backups over==========" >>$backup_log
配置定時任務(wù):
crontab -e
內(nèi)容如下:
0 1 * * * /bin/bash /opt/script/mysql_shell/mysqlbackup.sh
附上恢復(fù)腳本A:
目標實現(xiàn):對于刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫,根據(jù)上述備份腳本產(chǎn)生的備份文件內(nèi)容,進行恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫操作,包括創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱
注意:恢復(fù)腳本需要手動操作
#! /bin/bash source /etc/profile #加載系統(tǒng)環(huán)境變量 source ~/.bash_profile #加載用戶環(huán)境變量 set -o nounset #引用未初始化變量時退出 set -o errexit #執(zhí)行shell命令遇到錯誤時退出 date_tar=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S) date=$(date +%Y-%m-%d) local_path=${PWD} user="root" #備份用戶密碼 password="123456" #mysql連接端口 port="3306" DB_HOST=`/sbin/ifconfig -a|grep inet|grep -v 127.0.0.1|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}'|tr -d "addr:"` mysql_path="/usr/local/mysql" read -ep "請輸入數(shù)據(jù)庫備份文件的路徑: " choose_path if [ ! -d ${choose_path} ];then echo "請輸入正確路徑,已退出" exit else echo "以下為檢測到的數(shù)據(jù)庫文件名稱:" cd ${choose_path} for file in $(ls ${choose_path}) do [ -f ${file} ] && echo ${file%.*} && echo ${file%.*} >> ${local_path}/list.txt #先判斷是否是目錄,然后再輸出 done fi cat_list=`cat ${local_path}/list.txt` function recovery(){ for dbname in ${cat_list};do sleep 1 create_db="create database IF NOT EXISTS \`${dbname}\`" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -e "${create_db}" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -A $dbname < ${choose_path}/$dbname.sql if [[ $? == 0 ]];then echo "恢復(fù)時間:${date} 恢復(fù)方式:mysqldump 恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫:$dbname 恢復(fù)狀態(tài):成功!" >> $local_path/recovery_${date}.log else echo "恢復(fù)時間:${date} 恢復(fù)方式:mysqldump 恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫:${dbname} 恢復(fù)狀態(tài):失敗,請查看日志." >> $local_path/recovery_${date}.log fi done } read -ep "全部恢復(fù)輸入(A/a),單個恢復(fù)輸入(B/b):" choose if [ $choose = 'A' -o $choose = 'a' ];then recovery elif [ $choose = 'B' -o $choose = 'b' ];then read -ep "正在單個恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫,請輸入想要恢復(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱:" mydatabase echo "正在恢復(fù)$mydatabase 請稍后....." create_db="create database IF NOT EXISTS \`${mydatabase}\`" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -e "${create_db}" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -A $mydatabase < $choose_path/$mydatabase.sql echo "$mydatabase 已成功恢復(fù),恭喜!" exit else echo "輸入不符合規(guī)則,請重新執(zhí)行..." exit fi
附上恢復(fù)腳本B:
腳本實現(xiàn):在未刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫的情況下,對mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫進行數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù),可以選擇全部恢復(fù)或者逐個恢復(fù)。
注意:恢復(fù)腳本需要手動操作
#! /bin/bash source /etc/profile #加載系統(tǒng)環(huán)境變量 source ~/.bash_profile #加載用戶環(huán)境變量 set -o nounset #引用未初始化變量時退出 set -o errexit #執(zhí)行shell命令遇到錯誤時退出 user="root" #備份用戶密碼 password="123456" #mysql連接端口 port="3306" DB_HOST=`/sbin/ifconfig -a|grep inet|grep -v 127.0.0.1|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}'|tr -d "addr:"` mysql_path="/usr/local/mysql" date=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S) #備份路徑---需要修改 #recovery_path="/opt/mysql_backup/new-bak" #recovery_log="${recovery_path}/mysqldump_recovery_${date}.log" mysql_list=`mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -A -e "show databases\G"|grep Database|grep -v schema|grep -v test|awk '{print $2}'` echo "數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱列表如下:" echo "${mysql_list}" read -p "全部恢復(fù)輸入(A/a),單個恢復(fù)輸入(B/b):" choose #echo $choose # if [ $choose = 'A' -o $choose = 'a' -o $choose != 'B' -o $choose != 'b' ];then if [ $choose = 'A' -o $choose = 'a' ];then read -p "正在準備恢復(fù)全部數(shù)據(jù)庫,請輸入恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)文件所在路徑:" allpath if [ ! -d $allpath ];then echo "此路徑不存在,請重新執(zhí)行..." exit fi for dbname in ${mysql_list};do sleep 1 create_db="create database IF NOT EXISTS ${dbname}" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -e "${create_db}" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -A $dbname < $allpath/$dbname.sql if [[ $? == 0 ]];then cd $allpath size=$(du $allpath/$dbname.sql -sh | awk '{print $1}') echo "恢復(fù)時間:${date} 恢復(fù)方式:mysql 恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫:$dbname($size) 恢復(fù)狀態(tài):成功!" >> $allpath/recovery_${date}.log else cd $allpath echo "恢復(fù)時間:${date} 恢復(fù)方式:mysqldump 恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫:${dbname} 恢復(fù)狀態(tài):失敗,請查看日志." >> $allpath/recovery_${date}.log fi done elif [ $choose = 'B' -o $choose = 'b' ];then read -p -e "正在單個恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫,請輸入想要恢復(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱:" mydatabase read -p -e "請輸入數(shù)據(jù)庫恢復(fù)的路徑:" mypath if [ ! -d $mypath ];then echo "此路徑不存在,請重新執(zhí)行..." exit elif [ ! -f $mypath/$mydatabase.sql ];then echo "此路徑下沒有目標數(shù)據(jù)庫文件,請重新執(zhí)行..." exit elif [ $mydatabase != $mysql_list ];then echo "$mydatabase 不在此數(shù)據(jù)庫中,請確認數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱后再試,再見!" else echo "正在恢復(fù)$mydatabase 請稍后....." create_db="create database IF NOT EXISTS ${dbname}" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -e "${create_db}" mysql -h$DB_HOST -P$port -u$user -p$password -A $mydatabase < $mypath/$mydatabase.sql echo "$mydatabase 已成功恢復(fù),恭喜!" exit fi # fi # fi # fi else # if [ $choose != 'B' -o $choose != 'b' -o $choose != 'A' -o $choose != 'a' ];then echo "輸入不符合規(guī)則,請重新執(zhí)行..." exit fi
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