這篇文章給大家介紹PostgreSQL怎么設(shè)置表自動(dòng)添加分區(qū),內(nèi)容非常詳細(xì),感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考借鑒,希望對(duì)大家能有所幫助。
PostgreSQL 引進(jìn)“分區(qū)”表特性,解放了之前采用“表繼承”+ “觸發(fā)器”來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)分區(qū)表的繁瑣、低效。而添加分區(qū),都是手動(dòng)執(zhí)行 SQL。
演示目的:利用 python 來(lái)為 PostgreSQL 的表自動(dòng)添加分區(qū)。
python版本: python3+
pip3 install psycopg2
database.ini 文件:記錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接參數(shù)
[adsas] host=192.168.1.201 database=adsas user=adsas password=adsas123 port=5432 [test] host=192.168.1.202 database=adsas user=adsas password=adsas123 port=5432
config.py 文件:下面的config() 函數(shù)讀取database.ini文件并返回連接參數(shù)。config() 函數(shù)位于config.py文件中
#!/usr/bin/python3 from configparser import ConfigParser def config(section ,filename='database.ini'): # create a parser parser = ConfigParser() # read config file parser.read(filename) # get section, default to postgresql db = {} if parser.has_section(section): params = parser.items(section) for param in params: db[param[0]] = param[1] else: raise Exception('Section {0} not found in the {1} file'.format(section, filename)) return db
pg_add_partition_table.py 文件:其中 create_table函數(shù)是創(chuàng)建子表SQL。其中參數(shù)
參數(shù)名 | 含義 |
---|---|
db | 指向數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) |
table | 主表 |
sub_table | 正要新建的子表名 |
start_date | 范圍分界開始值 |
end_date | 范圍分界結(jié)束值 |
#!/usr/bin/python3 import psycopg2 from config import config # example: create table tbl_game_android_step_log_2021_07 PARTITION OF tbl_game_android_step_log FOR VALUES FROM ('2021-07-01') TO ('2021-08-01'); def create_table(db, table, sub_table, start_date, end_date): """ create subtable in the PostgreSQL database""" command = "create table {0} PARTITION OF {1} FOR VALUES FROM ('{2[0]}') TO ('{2[1]}');".format(sub_table, table, (start_date, end_date)) conn = None try: # read the connection parameters params = config(section = db) # connect to the PostgreSQL server conn = psycopg2.connect(**params) cur = conn.cursor() # create table one by one cur.execute(command) # close communication with the PostgreSQL database server cur.close() # commit the changes conn.commit() except (Exception, psycopg2.DatabaseError) as error: print(error) finally: if conn is not None: conn.close()
main.py:主文件;通過(guò)執(zhí)行main生成分區(qū)表。
示例:
#!/usr/bin/python3 import datetime from datetime import date from dateutil.relativedelta import * from pg_add_partition_table import create_table # Get the 1st day of the next month def get_next_month_first_day(d): return date(d.year + (d.month == 12), d.month == 12 or d.month + 1 , 1) def create_sub_table(db, table): # Get current date d1 = date.today() # Get next month's date d2 = d1 + relativedelta(months=+1) # Get the 1st day of the next month;As the starting value of the partitioned table start_date = get_next_month_first_day(d1) # Gets the 1st of the next two months as the end value of the partitioned table end_date = get_next_month_first_day(d2) # get sub table name getmonth = datetime.datetime.strftime(d2, '%Y_%m') sub_table = table + '_' + getmonth create_table(db, table, sub_table, start_date, end_date) if __name__ == '__main__': create_sub_table('test', 'tbl_game_android_step_log');
上面示例單獨(dú)為表tbl_game_android_step_log;創(chuàng)建分區(qū);若多個(gè)表;用for語(yǔ)句處理
# 多表操作 for table in ['tbl_game_android_step_log', 'tbl_game_android_game_log','tbl_game_android_pay_log']: create_sub_table('test', table);
]
演示之前:
adsas=> select * from pg_partition_tree('tbl_game_android_step_log'); relid | parentrelid | isleaf | level -----------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+------- tbl_game_android_step_log | | f | 0 tbl_game_android_step_log_2020_12 | tbl_game_android_step_log | t | 1 (2 rows)
演示之后:
adsas=> select * from pg_partition_tree('tbl_game_android_step_log'); relid | parentrelid | isleaf | level -----------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+------- tbl_game_android_step_log | | f | 0 tbl_game_android_step_log_2020_12 | tbl_game_android_step_log | t | 1 tbl_game_android_step_log_2021_01 | tbl_game_android_step_log | t | 1 Partition key: RANGE (visit_time) Partitions: tbl_game_android_step_log_2020_12 FOR VALUES FROM ('2020-12-01 00:00:00') TO ('2021-01-01 00:00:00'), tbl_game_android_step_log_2021_01 FOR VALUES FROM ('2021-01-01 00:00:00') TO ('2021-02-01 00:00:00')
五、加入定時(shí)任務(wù)
關(guān)于PostgreSQL怎么設(shè)置表自動(dòng)添加分區(qū)就分享到這里了,希望以上內(nèi)容可以對(duì)大家有一定的幫助,可以學(xué)到更多知識(shí)。如果覺得文章不錯(cuò),可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到。
免責(zé)聲明:本站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創(chuàng)、轉(zhuǎn)載和分享為主,文章觀點(diǎn)不代表本網(wǎng)站立場(chǎng),如果涉及侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系站長(zhǎng)郵箱:is@yisu.com進(jìn)行舉報(bào),并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),一經(jīng)查實(shí),將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。