溫馨提示×

您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!

密碼登錄×
登錄注冊(cè)×
其他方式登錄
點(diǎn)擊 登錄注冊(cè) 即表示同意《億速云用戶服務(wù)條款》

11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-07-10 16:21:30 來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 閱讀:2541 作者:huangjinjin520 欄目:軟件技術(shù)

在微服務(wù)架構(gòu)中,根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)需求拆分成一個(gè)個(gè)的微小服務(wù),然后服務(wù)與服務(wù)之間可以相互RPC遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)用。在Spring Cloud可以使用RestTemplate+Ribbon或者Feign來(lái)進(jìn)行RPC遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)用。為了保證服務(wù)高可用性,單個(gè)服務(wù)通常會(huì)進(jìn)行集群部署。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)原因或者自身的原因,服務(wù)并不能保證百分之一百可用,如果服務(wù)方出現(xiàn)問題,調(diào)用這個(gè)服務(wù)就會(huì)出現(xiàn)線程阻塞,此時(shí)若有出現(xiàn)大量請(qǐng)求,導(dǎo)致服務(wù)方癱瘓。這時(shí)斷路器就派上用場(chǎng)了。
11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys
當(dāng)對(duì)某個(gè)服務(wù)的調(diào)用的不可用達(dá)到一個(gè)閥值(Hystric 默認(rèn)是5秒20次) 斷路器將會(huì)被自動(dòng)被打開。斷路打開后, fallback方法可以直接返回一個(gè)預(yù)先設(shè)置的固定值。

1、 新建項(xiàng)目sc-eureka-client-consumer-ribbon-hystrix,對(duì)應(yīng)的pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-eureka-client-consumer-ribbon</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sc-eureka-client-consumer-ribbon</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- <dependency> 
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId> 
                    <version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version> 
            </dependency> -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--        
        <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency> -->

        <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

備注:spring-cloud-starter-hystrix已經(jīng)在spring cloud 2.x標(biāo)注成過期。推薦使用spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix
11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys
2、 新建spring boot 啟動(dòng)類ConsumerApplication.java

package sc.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableHystrix
public class ConsumerHystrixApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerHystrixApplication.class, args);

    }

}

可以看出這個(gè)啟動(dòng)類只是《服務(wù)發(fā)現(xiàn)&服務(wù)消費(fèi)者Ribbon》的啟動(dòng)類添加多了一個(gè)注解EnableHystrix(啟動(dòng)斷路器)

3、 編寫服務(wù)類,并添加斷路器注解

package sc.consumer.service.impl;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.github.andrewoma.dexx.collection.ArrayList;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;

import sc.consumer.model.User;
import sc.consumer.service.UserService;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "getUserError")
    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> getUser(Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://sc-eureka-client-provider:8200/user/getUser/{1}", Map.class, id);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getUserError(Long id){
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "000000");
        map.put("msg", "ok");
        User u = new User();
        u.setId(-1L);
        u.setUserName("failName");
        map.put("body", u);
        return map;
    }

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "listUserError")
    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> listUser() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://sc-eureka-client-provider:8200/user/listUser", Map.class);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> listUserError(){
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "000000");
        map.put("msg", "ok");
        map.put("body", new ArrayList<User>());
        return map;
    }

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "addUserError")
    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> addUser(User user) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject("http://sc-eureka-client-provider:8200/user/addUser", user, Map.class);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> addUserError(User user){
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "000000");
        map.put("msg", "ok");
        map.put("body", 0);
        return map;
    }

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "updateUserError")
    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> updateUser(User user) {
        restTemplate.put("http://sc-eureka-client-provider:8200/user/updateUser",user);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "000000");
        map.put("msg", "ok");
        return map;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> updateUserError(User user){
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "000000");
        map.put("msg", "ok");
        map.put("body", 0);
        return map;
    }

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "deleteUserError")
    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> deleteUser(Long id) {
        restTemplate.delete("http://sc-eureka-client-provider:8200/user/deleteUser/{id}", id);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "000000");
        map.put("msg", "ok");
        return map;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> deleteUserError(Long id){
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "000000");
        map.put("msg", "ok");
        map.put("body", 0);
        return map;
    }

}

添加HystrixCommand注解,對(duì)應(yīng)的參數(shù)fallbackMethod值為當(dāng)方式服務(wù)方無(wú)法調(diào)用時(shí),返回預(yù)設(shè)值得方法名。

4、 新建配置文件bootstrap.yml和application.yml
bootstrap.yml

server:
    port: 5600

application.yml

spring:
    application:
        name: sc-eureka-client-consumer-ribbon-hystrix

eureka:
    instance:
        hostname: 127.0.0.1
    client:
        #由于該應(yīng)用為注冊(cè)中心,所以設(shè)置為false,代表不向注冊(cè)中心注冊(cè)自己
        registerWithEureka: true
        #由于注冊(cè)中心的職責(zé)就是維護(hù)服務(wù)實(shí)例,它并不需要去檢索服務(wù),所以也設(shè)置為false
        fetchRegistry: true
        serviceUrl:
            defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:5001/eureka/

5、 其他項(xiàng)目文件參加下圖

11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys

6、 分別啟動(dòng)注冊(cè)中心sc-eureka-server和服務(wù)提供者sc-eureka-client-provider

7、 啟動(dòng)sc-eureka-client-consumer-ribbon-hystrix,并驗(yàn)證是否啟動(dòng)成功
方式一:查看日志
11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys

方式二:查看注冊(cè)中心是否注冊(cè)成功

11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys
8、 驗(yàn)證斷路器是否起作用
(1) 服務(wù)提供者正常時(shí)訪問:
http://127.0.0.1:5600/cli/user/getUser/4
11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys
正常返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里的數(shù)據(jù)
(2) 服務(wù)提供者關(guān)閉時(shí)訪問:
http://127.0.0.1:5600/cli/user/getUser/4
11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys
對(duì)比兩個(gè)返回的數(shù)據(jù),可以看出服務(wù)提供者關(guān)閉時(shí),返回的數(shù)據(jù)是在程序?qū)懰赖臄?shù)據(jù),如下圖:
11、RestTemplate+Ribbon整合斷路器Hys
其他方法可以自行按照以上方式進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。

公眾號(hào):java樂園

向AI問一下細(xì)節(jié)

免責(zé)聲明:本站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創(chuàng)、轉(zhuǎn)載和分享為主,文章觀點(diǎn)不代表本網(wǎng)站立場(chǎng),如果涉及侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系站長(zhǎng)郵箱:is@yisu.com進(jìn)行舉報(bào),并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),一經(jīng)查實(shí),將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。

AI