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今天就跟大家聊聊有關(guān)怎么在Python利用unittest+requests+excel實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)接口自動(dòng)化測(cè)試框架,可能很多人都不太了解,為了讓大家更加了解,小編給大家總結(jié)了以下內(nèi)容,希望大家根據(jù)這篇文章可以有所收獲。
環(huán)境:python3 + unittest + requests
Excel管理測(cè)試用例,
HTMLTestRunner生成測(cè)試報(bào)告
測(cè)試完成后郵件發(fā)送測(cè)試報(bào)告
jsonpath方式做預(yù)期結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)處理,后期多樣化處理
后期擴(kuò)展,CI持續(xù)集成
發(fā)送郵件效果:
項(xiàng)目整體結(jié)構(gòu):
common模塊代碼
class IsInstance: def get_instance(self, value, check): flag = None if isinstance(value, str): if check == value: flag = True else: flag = False elif isinstance(value, float): if value - float(check) == 0: flag = True else: flag = False elif isinstance(value, int): if value - int(check) == 0: flag = True else: flag = False return flag
# logger.py import logging import time import os class MyLogging: def __init__(self): timestr = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', time.localtime(time.time())) lib_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '../logs')) filename = lib_path + '/' + timestr + '.log' # 日志文件的地址 self.logger = logging.getLogger() # 定義對(duì)應(yīng)的程序模塊名name,默認(rèn)為root self.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 必須設(shè)置,這里如果不顯示設(shè)置,默認(rèn)過濾掉warning之前的所有級(jí)別的信息 sh = logging.StreamHandler() # 日志輸出到屏幕控制臺(tái) sh.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 設(shè)置日志等級(jí) fh = logging.FileHandler(filename=filename) # 向文件filename輸出日志信息 fh.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 設(shè)置日志等級(jí) # 設(shè)置格式對(duì)象 formatter = logging.Formatter( "%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d]%(levelname)s - %(message)s") # 定義日志輸出格式 # 設(shè)置handler的格式對(duì)象 sh.setFormatter(formatter) fh.setFormatter(formatter) # 將handler增加到logger中 self.logger.addHandler(sh) self.logger.addHandler(fh) if __name__ == "__main__": log = MyLogging().logger log.debug("debug") log.info("info") log.warning("warning") log.error("error") log.critical("critical")
# operate_excel.py import xlrd from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple import openpyxl import datetime class ExcelData(): def __init__(self, file_path, sheet_name): self.file_path = file_path self.sheet_name = sheet_name self.workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_path) # 獲取工作表的內(nèi)容 self.table = self.workbook.sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name) # 獲取第一行內(nèi)容 self.keys = self.table.row_values(0) # 獲取行數(shù) self.rowNum = self.table.nrows # 獲取列數(shù) self.colNum = self.table.ncols def readExcel(self): datas = [] for i in range(1, self.rowNum): sheet_data = [] for j in range(self.colNum): # 獲取單元格類型 c_type = self.table.cell(i, j).ctype # 獲取單元格數(shù)據(jù) c_cell = self.table.cell_value(i, j) if c_type == 2 and c_cell % 1 == 0: c_cell = int(c_cell) elif c_type == 3: date = datetime.datetime(*xldate_as_tuple(c_cell, 0)) c_cell = date.strftime('%Y/%d/%m %H:%M:%S') elif c_type == 4: c_cell = True if c_cell == 1 else False # sheet_data[self.keys[j]] = c_cell # 字典 sheet_data.append(c_cell) datas.append(sheet_data) return datas def write(self, rowNum, colNum, result): workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.file_path) table = workbook.get_sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name) table = workbook.active # rows = table.max_row # cols = table.max_column # values = ['E','X','C','E','L'] # for value in values: # table.cell(rows + 1, 1).value = value # rows = rows + 1 # 指定單元格中寫入數(shù)據(jù) table.cell(rowNum, colNum, result) workbook.save(self.file_path) if __name__ == '__main__': file_path = "D:\python_data\接口自動(dòng)化測(cè)試.xlsx" sheet_name = "測(cè)試用例" data = ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name) datas = data.readExcel() print(datas) print(type(datas)) for i in datas: print(i) # data.write(2,12,"哈哈")
# send_email.py from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.header import Header from email.mime.text import MIMEText from config import read_email_config import smtplib def send_email(subject, mail_body, file_names=list()): # 獲取郵件相關(guān)信息 smtp_server = read_email_config.smtp_server port = read_email_config.port user_name = read_email_config.user_name password = read_email_config.password sender = read_email_config.sender receiver = read_email_config.receiver # 定義郵件內(nèi)容 msg = MIMEMultipart() body = MIMEText(mail_body, _subtype="html", _charset="utf-8") msg["Subject"] = Header(subject, "utf-8") msg["From"] = user_name msg["To"] = receiver msg.attach(body) # 附件:附件名稱用英文 for file_name in file_names: att = MIMEText(open(file_name, "rb").read(), "base64", "utf-8") att["Content-Type"] = "application/octet-stream" att["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment;filename='%s'" % (file_name) msg.attach(att) # 登錄并發(fā)送郵件 try: smtp = smtplib.SMTP() smtp.connect(smtp_server) smtp.login(user_name, password) smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver.split(','), msg.as_string()) except Exception as e: print(e) print("郵件發(fā)送失??!") else: print("郵件發(fā)送成功!") finally: smtp.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': subject = "測(cè)試標(biāo)題" mail_body = "測(cè)試本文" receiver = "780156051@qq.com,hb_zhijun@163.com" # 接收人郵件地址 用逗號(hào)分隔 file_names = [r'D:\PycharmProjects\AutoTest\result\2020-02-23 13_38_41report.html'] send_email(subject, mail_body, receiver, file_names)
# send_request.py import requests import json class RunMethod: # post請(qǐng)求 def do_post(self, url, data, headers=None): res = None if headers != None: res = requests.post(url=url, json=data, headers=headers) else: res = requests.post(url=url, json=data) return res.json() # get請(qǐng)求 def do_get(self, url, data=None, headers=None): res = None if headers != None: res = requests.get(url=url, data=data, headers=headers) else: res = requests.get(url=url, data=data) return res.json() def run_method(self, method, url, data=None, headers=None): res = None if method == "POST" or method == "post": res = self.do_post(url, data, headers) else: res = self.do_get(url, data, headers) return res
config模塊
# coding:utf-8 # 郵件配置信息 [mysqlconf] host = 127.0.0.1 port = 3306 user = root password = root db = test
# coding:utf-8 # 郵箱配置信息 # email_config.ini [email] smtp_server = smtp.qq.com port = 465 sender = 780***51@qq.com password = hrpk******baf user_name = 780***51@qq.com receiver = 780***51@qq.com,h***n@163.com
# coding:utf-8 from pymysql import connect, cursors from pymysql.err import OperationalError import os import configparser # read_db_config.py # 讀取DB配數(shù)據(jù) # os.path.realpath(__file__):返回當(dāng)前文件的絕對(duì)路徑 # os.path.dirname(): 返回()所在目錄 cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) configPath = os.path.join(cur_path, "db_config.ini") # 路徑拼接:/config/db_config.ini conf = configparser.ConfigParser() conf.read(configPath, encoding="UTF-8") host = conf.get("mysqlconf", "host") port = conf.get("mysqlconf", "port ") user = conf.get("mysqlconf", "user") password = conf.get("mysqlconf", "password") port = conf.get("mysqlconf", "port")
# coding:utf-8 import os import configparser # 讀取郵件數(shù)據(jù) # os.path.realpath(__file__):返回當(dāng)前文件的絕對(duì)路徑 # os.path.dirname(): 返回()所在目錄 # read_email_config.py cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) # 當(dāng)前文件的所在目錄 configPath = os.path.join(cur_path, "email_config.ini") # 路徑拼接:/config/email_config.ini conf = configparser.ConfigParser() conf.read(configPath, encoding='UTF-8') # 讀取/config/email_config.ini 的內(nèi)容 # get(section,option) 得到section中option的值,返回為string類型 smtp_server = conf.get("email", "smtp_server") sender = conf.get("email", "sender") user_name = conf.get("email","user_name") password = conf.get("email", "password") receiver = conf.get("email", "receiver") port = conf.get("email", "port")
testcase模塊
# test_case.py from common.operate_excel import * import unittest from parameterized import parameterized from common.send_request import RunMethod import json from common.logger import MyLogging import jsonpath from common.is_instance import IsInstance from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner import os import time lib_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "../data")) file_path = lib_path + "/" + "接口自動(dòng)化測(cè)試.xlsx" # excel的地址 sheet_name = "測(cè)試用例" log = MyLogging().logger def getExcelData(): list = ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).readExcel() return list class TestCase(unittest.TestCase): @parameterized.expand(getExcelData()) def test_api(self, rowNumber, caseRowNumber, testCaseName, priority, apiName, url, method, parmsType, data, checkPoint, isRun, result): if isRun == "Y" or isRun == "y": log.info("【開始執(zhí)行測(cè)試用例:{}】".format(testCaseName)) headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"} data = json.loads(data) # 字典對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為json字符串 c = checkPoint.split(",") log.info("用例設(shè)置檢查點(diǎn):%s" % c) print("用例設(shè)置檢查點(diǎn):%s" % c) log.info("請(qǐng)求url:%s" % url) log.info("請(qǐng)求參數(shù):%s" % data) r = RunMethod() res = r.run_method(method, url, data, headers) log.info("返回結(jié)果:%s" % res) flag = None for i in range(0, len(c)): checkPoint_dict = {} checkPoint_dict[c[i].split('=')[0]] = c[i].split('=')[1] # jsonpath方式獲取檢查點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)的返回?cái)?shù)據(jù) list = jsonpath.jsonpath(res, c[i].split('=')[0]) value = list[0] check = checkPoint_dict[c[i].split('=')[0]] log.info("檢查點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù){}:{},返回?cái)?shù)據(jù):{}".format(i + 1, check, value)) print("檢查點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù){}:{},返回?cái)?shù)據(jù):{}".format(i + 1, check, value)) # 判斷檢查點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)是否與返回的數(shù)據(jù)一致 flag = IsInstance().get_instance(value, check) if flag: log.info("【測(cè)試結(jié)果:通過】") ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).write(rowNumber + 1, 12, "Pass") else: log.info("【測(cè)試結(jié)果:失敗】") ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).write(rowNumber + 1, 12, "Fail") # 斷言 self.assertTrue(flag, msg="檢查點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)與實(shí)際返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)不一致") else: unittest.skip("不執(zhí)行") if __name__ == '__main__': # unittest.main() # Alt+Shift+f10 執(zhí)行生成報(bào)告 # 報(bào)告樣式1 suite = unittest.TestSuite() suite.addTests(unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestCase)) now = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S') report_path = r"D:\PycharmProjects\AutoTest\result\report.html" with open(report_path, "wb") as f: runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=f, title="Esearch接口測(cè)試報(bào)告", description="測(cè)試用例執(zhí)行情況", verbosity=2) runner.run(suite)
用例執(zhí)行文件
import os import time import unittest from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner from common.send_email import send_email # run_case.py # 獲取當(dāng)前py文件絕對(duì)路徑 cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) # 1: 加載測(cè)試用例 def all_test(): case_path = os.path.join(cur_path, "testcase") suite = unittest.TestLoader().discover(start_dir=case_path, pattern="test_*.py", top_level_dir=None) return suite # 2: 執(zhí)行測(cè)試用例 def run(): now = time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S") # 測(cè)試報(bào)告路徑 file_name = os.path.join(cur_path, "report") + "/" + now + "-report.html" f = open(file_name, "wb") runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=f, title="接口自動(dòng)化測(cè)試報(bào)告", description="環(huán)境:windows 10 瀏覽器:chrome", tester="wangzhijun") runner.run(all_test()) f.close() # 3: 獲取最新的測(cè)試報(bào)告 def get_report(report_path): list = os.listdir(report_path) list.sort(key=lambda x: os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(report_path, x))) print("測(cè)試報(bào)告:", list[-1]) report_file = os.path.join(report_path, list[-1]) return report_file # 4: 發(fā)送郵件 def send_mail(subject, report_file, file_names): # 讀取測(cè)試報(bào)告內(nèi)容,作為郵件的正文內(nèi)容 with open(report_file, "rb") as f: mail_body = f.read() send_email(subject, mail_body, file_names) if __name__ == "__main__": run() report_path = os.path.join(cur_path, "report") # 測(cè)試報(bào)告路徑 report_file = get_report(report_path) # 測(cè)試報(bào)告文件 subject = "Esearch接口測(cè)試報(bào)告" # 郵件主題 file_names = [report_file] # 郵件附件 # 發(fā)送郵件 send_mail(subject, report_file, file_names)
data:
report:
logs:
看完上述內(nèi)容,你們對(duì)怎么在Python利用unittest+requests+excel實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)接口自動(dòng)化測(cè)試框架有進(jìn)一步的了解嗎?如果還想了解更多知識(shí)或者相關(guān)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道,感謝大家的支持。
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