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本篇文章為大家展示了利用python怎么實現(xiàn)一個郵件定時發(fā)送功能，內(nèi)容簡明扼要并且容易理解，絕對能使你眼前一亮，通過這篇文章的詳細介紹希望你能有所收獲。
全部代碼如下：
import time
from datetime import datetime
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import xlrd
from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler
from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple
ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d'
import smtplib
def read_file(file_path):
file_list = []
work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path)
sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
print('now is process :', sheet_data.name)
Nrows = sheet_data.nrows
for i in range(1, Nrows):
file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i))
return file_list
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list):
nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime()))
html_content_start = \
'''
<html>
<body>
<p>hi，All：</p>
<table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F">
<tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" >
<th >工作事項</th>
<th >負責(zé)人</th>
<th >進度</th>
<th >風(fēng)險與問題</th>
</tr>
'''
for i in range(len(file_list)):
work = file_list[i]
workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3])
if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的數(shù)字
progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮點轉(zhuǎn)成百分比
updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0)
value = datetime(*updateTime)
# 先轉(zhuǎn)換為時間數(shù)組,然后轉(zhuǎn)換為其他格式
timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct))
if uptTime != nowDate:
raise RuntimeError('有人沒有更新最新記錄:' + str(work[1]))
html_content_suffer = \
'''
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" >
<td >{workdata}</td>
<td >{person_name}</td>
<td >{progress}</td>
<td >{issue}</td>
</tr>
'''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name, progress=progress, issue=issue)
html_content_start += html_content_suffer
html_content_end = \
'''
</table>
</body>
</html>
'''
html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end
try:
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8'))
msg['From'] = _format_addr('發(fā)送方 <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('主題' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode()
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
server.login(from_addr, password) # 登錄郵箱服務(wù)器
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 發(fā)送信息
server.quit()
print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已發(fā)送成功！")
except Exception as e:
print("發(fā)送失敗" + e)
def job():
root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file'
file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx"
from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 郵箱登錄用戶名
password = 'mima' # 登錄密碼
smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服務(wù)器地址，默認端口號25
to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方郵箱
file_list = read_file(file_path)
sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list)
print('發(fā)送完成')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 該示例代碼生成了一個BlockingScheduler調(diào)度器，使用了默認的任務(wù)存儲MemoryJobStore，以及默認的執(zhí)行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大線程數(shù)為10。
# BlockingScheduler：在進程中運行單個任務(wù)，調(diào)度器是唯一運行的東西
scheduler = BlockingScheduler()
# 采用阻塞的方式
# 采用corn的方式，每天18點發(fā)送
scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='18')
'''
year (int|str) – 4-digit year
month (int|str) – month (1-12)
day (int|str) – day of the (1-31)
week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53)
day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun)
hour (int|str) – hour (0-23)
minute (int|str) – minute (0-59)
econd (int|str) – second (0-59)
start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone)
* any Fire on every value
*/a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum
a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b)
a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range
xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month
last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month
last day Fire on the last day within the month
x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions
'''
scheduler.start()表格如下：
如果放在linux系統(tǒng)中執(zhí)行，上述腳本不能執(zhí)行成功，是因為對編碼等有要求，全部更新代碼如下：
#coding=utf-8
import time
from datetime import datetime
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import sys
import xlrd
from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler
from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple
ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d'
import smtplib
import logging
logging.basicConfig()
def read_file(file_path):
file_list = []
work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path)
sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
print('now is process :', sheet_data.name)
Nrows = sheet_data.nrows
for i in range(1, Nrows):
file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i))
return file_list
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list):
nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime()))
html_content_start = \
'''
<html>
<body>
<p>hi，All：</p>
<table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F">
<tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" >
<th >工作事項</th>
<th >負責(zé)人</th>
<th >進度</th>
<th >風(fēng)險與問題</th>
</tr>
'''
for i in range(len(file_list)):
work = file_list[i]
workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3])
if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的數(shù)字
progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮點轉(zhuǎn)成百分比
updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0)
value = datetime(*updateTime)
# 先轉(zhuǎn)換為時間數(shù)組,然后轉(zhuǎn)換為其他格式
timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct))
if uptTime != nowDate:
raise RuntimeError('有人沒有更新最新記錄:' + str(work[1]))
html_content_suffer = \
'''
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" >
<td >{workdata}</td>
<td >{person_name}</td>
<td >{progress}</td>
<td >{issue}</td>
</tr>
'''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name.replace('\n', '<br>'), progress=progress.replace('\n', '<br>'), issue=issue.replace('\n', '<br>'))
html_content_start += html_content_suffer
html_content_end = \
'''
</table>
</body>
</html>
'''
html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end
try:
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8'))
msg['From'] = _format_addr('發(fā)送方 <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('主題' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode()
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
server.login(from_addr, password) # 登錄郵箱服務(wù)器
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 發(fā)送信息
server.quit()
print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已發(fā)送成功！")
except Exception as e:
print("發(fā)送失敗" + e)
def job():
root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file'
file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx"
from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 郵箱登錄用戶名
password = 'mima' # 登錄密碼
smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服務(wù)器地址，默認端口號25
to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方郵箱
file_list = read_file(file_path)
sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list)
print('發(fā)送完成')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 該示例代碼生成了一個BlockingScheduler調(diào)度器，使用了默認的任務(wù)存儲MemoryJobStore，以及默認的執(zhí)行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大線程數(shù)為10。
# BlockingScheduler：在進程中運行單個任務(wù)，調(diào)度器是唯一運行的東西
scheduler = BlockingScheduler()
# 采用阻塞的方式
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding("utf8")
# 采用corn的方式
scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='21', minute='0')
'''
year (int|str) – 4-digit year
month (int|str) – month (1-12)
day (int|str) – day of the (1-31)
week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53)
day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun)
hour (int|str) – hour (0-23)
minute (int|str) – minute (0-59)
econd (int|str) – second (0-59)
start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone)
* any Fire on every value
*/a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum
a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b)
a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range
xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month
last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month
last day Fire on the last day within the month
x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions
'''
scheduler.start()上述內(nèi)容就是利用python怎么實現(xiàn)一個郵件定時發(fā)送功能，你們學(xué)到知識或技能了嗎？如果還想學(xué)到更多技能或者豐富自己的知識儲備，歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。
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