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小編給大家分享一下PHP+Mysql+Ajax+JS如何實(shí)現(xiàn)省市區(qū)三級(jí)聯(lián)動(dòng)效果,相信大部分人都還不怎么了解,因此分享這篇文章給大家參考一下,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大有收獲,下面讓我們一起去了解一下吧!
基本思想就是:在JS動(dòng)態(tài)創(chuàng)建select控件的option,通過(guò)Ajax獲取在PHP從SQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲取的省市區(qū)信息,代碼有點(diǎn)長(zhǎng),但很多都是類(lèi)似的,例如JS中省、市、區(qū)獲取方法類(lèi)似,PHP中通過(guò)參數(shù)不同執(zhí)行不同的select語(yǔ)句。
index.html代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>省市區(qū)三級(jí)聯(lián)動(dòng)</title> <META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <script src="scripts/thumbnails.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <div id="description"> <select onchange="sech(this.id)" id="sheng"> <option value="province">請(qǐng)選擇省份</option> </select> <select onchange="sech(this.id)" id="shi"> <option value="city">請(qǐng)選擇市區(qū)</option> </select> <select id="xian"> <option value="county">請(qǐng)選擇縣鄉(xiāng)</option> </select> </div> </div> </body> </html>
thumbnails.js代碼:
window.onload = getProvince; function createRequest() {//Ajax于PHP交互需要對(duì)象 try { request = new XMLHttpRequest();//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的請(qǐng)求對(duì)象; } catch (tryMS) { try { request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch (otherMS) { try { request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch (failed) { request = null; } } } return request; } function sech(id) {//省市改變時(shí)觸發(fā),select的onchange事件 var aa = document.getElementById(id); if(id=="sheng"){ getCity(aa.value);//這里aa.value為省的id } if(id=="shi") { getCounty(aa.value);//這里aa.value為市的id } } function getProvince() {//獲取所有省 request = createRequest(); if (request == null) { alert("Unable to create request"); return; } var url= "getDetails.php?ID=0";//ID=0時(shí)傳遞至PHP時(shí)讓其獲取所有省 request.open("GET", url, true); request.onreadystatechange = displayProvince; //設(shè)置回調(diào)函數(shù) request.send(null); //發(fā)送請(qǐng)求 } function getCity(id){//獲取省對(duì)應(yīng)的市 request = createRequest(); if (request == null) { alert("Unable to create request"); return; } var url= "getDetails.php?ID=" + escape(id); request.open("GET", url, true); request.onreadystatechange = displayCity; request.send(null); } function getCounty(id){//獲取市對(duì)應(yīng)的區(qū) request = createRequest(); if (request == null) { alert("Unable to create request"); return; } var url= "getDetails.php?ID=" + escape(id); request.open("GET", url, true); request.onreadystatechange = displayCounty; request.send(null); } function displayProvince() {//將獲取的數(shù)據(jù)動(dòng)態(tài)增加至select if (request.readyState == 4) { if (request.status == 200) { var a=new Array; var b=request.responseText;//將PHP返回的數(shù)據(jù)賦值給b a=b.split(",");//通過(guò)","將這一數(shù)據(jù)保存在數(shù)組a中 document.getElementById("sheng").length=1; var obj=document.getElementById("sheng'); for(i=0;i obj.options.add(new Option(a[i],i+1)); //動(dòng)態(tài)生成OPTION加到select中,第一個(gè)參數(shù)為T(mén)ext,第二個(gè)參數(shù)為Value值. } } } function displayCity() {//將獲取的數(shù)據(jù)動(dòng)態(tài)增加至select if (request.readyState == 4) { if (request.status == 200) { var a=new Array; var b=request.responseText; a=b.split(","); document.getElementById("shi").length=1;//重新選擇 document.getElementById("xian").length=1;//重新選擇 if(document.getElementById("sheng").value!="province"){ var obj=document.getElementById('shi'); for(i=0;i obj.options.add(new Option(a[i], document.getElementById("sheng").value*100+i+1)); //ocument.getElementById("sheng").value*100+i+1對(duì)應(yīng)的是市的ID。 } } } } function displayCounty() {//將獲取的數(shù)據(jù)增加至select if (request.readyState == 4) { if (request.status == 200) { var a=new Array; var b=request.responseText; a=b.split(","); document.getElementById("xian").length=1; if(document.getElementById("sheng").value!="province"&&document.getElementById("shi").value!="city"){ var obj=document.getElementById('xian'); for(i=0;i obj.options.add(new Option(a[i],i+1001)); } } } }
getDetails.php代碼:
<?phpheader("Content-Type: text/html; charset=gb2312");$conn = new COM("ADODB.Connection") or die("Cannot start ADO");$connstr = "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=root;Password=123456;Initial Catalog=area;Data Source=localhost"; if($_REQUEST['ID']==0){//獲得省列表$conn->Open($connstr); //建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接$sqlstr = "select name from Province"; //設(shè)置查詢字符串$rs = $conn->Execute($sqlstr); //執(zhí)行查詢獲得結(jié)果$num_cols = $rs->Fields->Count(); //得到數(shù)據(jù)集列數(shù)$Province=array();$i=0;while (!$rs->EOF) {$Province[$i]=$rs->Fields['name']->Value.",";$rs->MoveNext();$i++;}foreach($Province as $val)echo $val;$conn->Close();$rs = null;$conn = null;} if($_REQUEST['ID']>0&&$_REQUEST['ID']<35){//獲得省對(duì)應(yīng)的市列表$conn->Open($connstr); //建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接$sqlstr = "select name from City where cid=".$_REQUEST['ID']; //設(shè)置查詢字符串$rs = $conn->Execute($sqlstr); //執(zhí)行查詢獲得結(jié)果$num_cols = $rs->Fields->Count(); //得到數(shù)據(jù)集列數(shù)$City=array();$i=0;while (!$rs->EOF) {$City[$i]=$rs->Fields['name']->Value.",";$rs->MoveNext();$i++;}foreach($City as $val)echo $val;$conn->Close();$rs = null;$conn = null;} if($_REQUEST['ID']>100){//獲得省市對(duì)應(yīng)的縣列表$conn->Open($connstr); //建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接$sqlstr = "select name from County where cid=".$_REQUEST['ID']; //設(shè)置查詢字符串$rs = $conn->Execute($sqlstr); //執(zhí)行查詢獲得結(jié)果$num_cols = $rs->Fields->Count(); //得到數(shù)據(jù)集列數(shù)$County=array();$i=0;while (!$rs->EOF) {$County[$i]=$rs->Fields['name']->Value.",";$rs->MoveNext();$i++;}foreach($County as $val)echo $val;$conn->Close();$rs = null;$conn = null;}?>
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì),表格Province表,City表,County表。
要求:Province表需要id和name,id建議從1至34,例如北京id為1,廣東id為2,以此類(lèi)推;
City表需要id,name和cid,id為cid*100+1,cid為該市的上級(jí),例如深圳的上級(jí)為廣東省,cid為2的話,深圳的id就是201,以此類(lèi)推。
County表需要id,name和cid,因?yàn)槭侨?jí)的關(guān)系,id可以隨意,建議從10001開(kāi)始自增。cid為所在上級(jí),例如寶安區(qū)的cid為201,龍崗區(qū)的cid也為201;
截圖:
HTML效果:
完成后效果:
備注:PHP是服務(wù)器端的,建議發(fā)布網(wǎng)站后通過(guò)ip調(diào)試。
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