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這篇文章將為大家詳細(xì)講解有關(guān)Redis緩存的示例分析,小編覺得挺實(shí)用的,因此分享給大家做個(gè)參考,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲。
首先,咋們?nèi)ミ@個(gè)地址下載安裝文件https://github.com/dmajkic/redis/downloads,我這里的版本是:redis-2.4.5-win32-win64里面有32位和64位的執(zhí)行文件,我這里服務(wù)器是64位的下面給出截圖和用到部分程序的說明:
現(xiàn)在,咋們直接可以用鼠標(biāo)雙擊redis-server.exe這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序,這樣就打開了redis服務(wù)窗體(您也可以下載一個(gè)windows服務(wù)承載器,把redis服務(wù)運(yùn)行在windows的服務(wù)中,就不用擔(dān)心每次關(guān)閉redis服務(wù)黑色窗體后無法訪問redis了),運(yùn)行起來是這樣:
有紅色框的信息就表示成功了,這里redis服務(wù)監(jiān)聽的端口默認(rèn)是6379,要修改端口或者更多的配置信息請(qǐng)找到redis.conf配置文件,具體配置信息介紹可以來這里http://www.shouce.ren/api/view/a/6231
再來,打開客戶端連接服務(wù)端,咋們退到64bit文件夾的目錄中,鼠標(biāo)移到64bit文件夾上并且安裝Shift鍵,同時(shí)點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)的右鍵,選中"在此處打開命令窗口"這樣快速進(jìn)入到了該文件夾的cmd命令窗口中(當(dāng)然不同的操作系統(tǒng)不同,這里演示的是windows的操作;還有其他進(jìn)入的方式這里不做介紹,因?yàn)閭€(gè)人感覺這是最快的);然后,在命令窗口中錄入redis-cli.exe -h localhost -p 6379回車來訪問服務(wù)端,效果圖:
再來看下服務(wù)端窗體截圖:
沒錯(cuò)這樣客戶端就連接上服務(wù)端了,可以簡(jiǎn)單在客戶端執(zhí)行下set,get命令:
如果是客戶端要訪問遠(yuǎn)程的redis服務(wù)端,只需要把localhost換成可訪問的ip就行了如果還需要密碼等更多配置請(qǐng)去上面的那個(gè)地址鏈接;
。封裝緩存父類,定義Get,Set等常用方法
先來,上父類的代碼:
public class BaseCache : IDisposable { protected string def_ip = string.Empty; protected int def_port = 0; protected string def_password = string.Empty; public BaseCache() { } public virtual void InitCache(string ip = "", int port = 0, string password = "") { } public virtual bool SetCache<T>(string key, T t, int timeOutMinute = 10) where T : class,new() { return false; } public virtual T GetCache<T>(string key) where T : class,new() { return default(T); } public virtual bool Remove(string key) { return false; } public virtual bool FlushAll() { return false; } public virtual bool Any(string key) { return false; } public virtual void Dispose(bool isfalse) { if (isfalse) { } } //手動(dòng)釋放 public void Dispose() { this.Dispose(true); //不自動(dòng)釋放 GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } }
這里定義的方法沒有太多的注釋,更多的意思我想看方法名稱就明白了,這個(gè)父類主要實(shí)現(xiàn)了IDisposable,實(shí)現(xiàn)的Dispose()中主要用來釋放資源并且自定義了一個(gè) public virtual void Dispose(bool isfalse)方法,這里面有一句是GC.SuppressFinalize(this);按照官網(wǎng)介紹的意思是阻塞自動(dòng)釋放資源,其他的沒有什么了,繼續(xù)看下面的
。定義RedisCache緩存類,執(zhí)行Redis的Get,Set方法
首先,咋們分別定義類RedisCache,MemcachedCache(這里暫未實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)memcache緩存的操作),并且繼承BaseCache,重寫Set,Get方法如下代碼:
/// <summary> /// Redis緩存 /// </summary> public class RedisCache : BaseCache { public RedisClient redis = null; public RedisCache() { //這里去讀取默認(rèn)配置文件數(shù)據(jù) def_ip = "172.0.0.1"; def_port = 6379; def_password = ""; } #region Redis緩存 public override void InitCache(string ip = "", int port = 0, string password = "") { if (redis == null) { ip = string.IsNullOrEmpty(ip) ? def_ip : ip; port = port == 0 ? def_port : port; password = string.IsNullOrEmpty(password) ? def_password : password; redis = new RedisClient(ip, port, password); } } public override bool SetCache<T>(string key, T t, int timeOutMinute = 10) { var isfalse = false; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return isfalse; } InitCache(); isfalse = redis.Set<T>(key, t, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(timeOutMinute)); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return isfalse; } public override T GetCache<T>(string key) { var t = default(T); try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return t; } InitCache(); t = redis.Get<T>(key); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return t; } public override bool Remove(string key) { var isfalse = false; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return isfalse; } InitCache(); isfalse = redis.Remove(key); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return isfalse; } public override void Dispose(bool isfalse) { if (isfalse && redis != null) { redis.Dispose(); redis = null; } } #endregion } /// <summary> /// Memcached緩存 /// </summary> public class MemcachedCache : BaseCache { }
這里,用到的RedisClient類是來自nuget包引用的,這里nuget包是:
然后,來看下重寫的InitCache方法,這里面有一些ip,port(端口),password(密碼)參數(shù),這里直接寫入在cs文件中沒有從配置文件讀取,大家可以擴(kuò)展下;這些參數(shù)通過RedisClient構(gòu)造函數(shù)傳遞給底層Socket訪問需要的信息,下面簡(jiǎn)單展示下RedisClient幾個(gè)的構(gòu)造函數(shù):
public RedisClient(); public RedisClient(RedisEndpoint config); public RedisClient(string host); public RedisClient(Uri uri); public RedisClient(string host, int port); public RedisClient(string host, int port, string password = null, long db = 0);
至于Get,Set方法最終都是使用RedisClient對(duì)象訪問的,個(gè)人覺得需要注意的是Set方法里面的過期時(shí)間參數(shù),目前還沒有試驗(yàn)這種情況的效果:
?通過這幾種方法設(shè)置過期時(shí)間后,快到過期時(shí)間的時(shí)候如果此時(shí)有使用這個(gè)緩存key那么過期時(shí)間是否會(huì)往后自動(dòng)增加過期時(shí)間有效期,這里暫時(shí)沒有試驗(yàn)(這里是由于前面項(xiàng)目中的.net core框架中的memecache緩存都有這種設(shè)置,想來redis應(yīng)該也有吧)
這里,需要重寫下public override void Dispose(bool isfalse)方法,因?yàn)檎{(diào)用完RedisClient后需要釋放,我們通過Dispose統(tǒng)一來手動(dòng)釋放,而不是直接在調(diào)用的時(shí)候使用using()
。構(gòu)造出緩存工廠調(diào)用方法
接下來,咋們需要定義一個(gè)緩存工廠,因?yàn)樯厦鎰偛哦x了一個(gè)RedisCache和MemcachedCache明顯這里會(huì)有多個(gè)不同緩存的方法調(diào)用,所用咋們來定義個(gè)工廠模式來調(diào)用對(duì)應(yīng)的緩存;這里的工廠模式?jīng)]有使用直接顯示創(chuàng)建new RedisCache(),new MemcachedCache()對(duì)象的方法,而是使用了反射的原理,創(chuàng)建對(duì)應(yīng)的緩存對(duì)象;
先來,定義個(gè)枚舉,枚舉里面的聲明的名字要和咋們緩存類的名稱相同,代碼如下:
public enum CacheType { RedisCache, MemcachedCache }
再來,定義個(gè)工廠來CacheRepository(緩存工廠),并且定義方法Current如下代碼:
public static BaseCache Current(CacheType cacheType = CacheType.RedisCache) { var nspace = typeof(BaseCache); var fullName = nspace.FullName; var nowspace = fullName.Substring(0, fullName.LastIndexOf('.') + 1); return Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CreateInstance(nowspace + cacheType.ToString(), true) as BaseCache; }
*:通過傳遞枚舉參數(shù),來確定反射CreateInstance()方法需要用到的typeName參數(shù),從而來定義需要訪問的那個(gè)緩存對(duì)象,這里要注意的是加上了一個(gè)命名空間nowspace,因?yàn)榫彺骖惪赡芎凸S類不是同一個(gè)命名空間,但是通常會(huì)和緩存基類是同命名空間所以在方法最開始的時(shí)候截取獲取了緩存類需要的命名空間(這里看自身項(xiàng)目來定吧);
*:Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()這個(gè)是用來獲取當(dāng)前應(yīng)用程序集的路徑,這里就避免了咋們使用Assembly.Load()方法還需要傳遞程序集的路徑地址了
好了滿上上面要求后,咋們可以在測(cè)試頁面調(diào)用代碼如:CacheRepository.Current(CacheType.RedisCache).SetCache<MoFlightSearchResponse>(keyData, value);就如此簡(jiǎn)單,咋們使用redis-cli.exe客戶端來看下緩存起來的數(shù)據(jù):
怎么樣,您們的是什么效果呢,下面給出整體代碼
#region CacheRepository 緩存工廠(默認(rèn)存儲(chǔ)Session中) /// <summary> /// 緩存枚舉 /// </summary> public enum CacheType { BaseCache, RedisCache, MemcachedCache } /// <summary> /// 緩存工廠(默認(rèn)存儲(chǔ)Session中) /// </summary> public class CacheRepository { /// <summary> /// 緩存工廠(默認(rèn)存儲(chǔ)Session中, CacheKey = "SeesionKey") /// </summary> /// <param name="cacheType">緩存類型</param> /// <returns></returns> public static BaseCache Current(CacheType cacheType = CacheType.RedisCache) { var nspace = typeof(BaseCache); var fullName = nspace.FullName; var nowspace = fullName.Substring(0, fullName.LastIndexOf('.') + 1); return Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CreateInstance(nowspace + cacheType.ToString(), true) as BaseCache; } } /// <summary> /// 緩存基類(默認(rèn)存儲(chǔ)Session中) /// </summary> public class BaseCache : IDisposable { protected string def_ip = string.Empty; protected int def_port = 0; protected string def_password = string.Empty; protected string CacheKey = "SeesionKey"; public BaseCache() { } /// <summary> /// 獲取自定義SessionId值 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">key:使用唯一的登陸賬號(hào)</param> /// <returns>hash值的SessionId</returns> public virtual string GetSessionId(string key) { return Md5Extend.GetSidMd5Hash(key); } public virtual void InitCache(bool isReadAndWriter = true, string ip = "", int port = 0, string password = "") { } public virtual bool SetCache<T>(string key, T t, int timeOutMinute = 10, bool isSerilize = false) where T : class,new() { var isfalse = false; try { key = key ?? CacheKey; if (t == null) { return isfalse; } var session_json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(t); HttpContext.Current.Session.Timeout = timeOutMinute; HttpContext.Current.Session.Add(key, session_json); isfalse = true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return isfalse; } public virtual T GetCache<T>(string key = null, bool isSerilize = false) where T : class,new() { var t = default(T); try { key = key ?? CacheKey; var session = HttpContext.Current.Session[key]; if (session == null) { return t; } t = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(session.ToString()); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return t; } public virtual bool Remove(string key = null) { var isfalse = false; try { key = key ?? CacheKey; HttpContext.Current.Session.Remove(key); isfalse = true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return isfalse; } /// <summary> /// 增加緩存時(shí)間 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public virtual bool AddExpire(string key, int nTimeMinute = 10) { return true; } public virtual bool FlushAll() { return false; } public virtual bool Any(string key) { return false; } public virtual bool SetHashCache<T>(string hashId, string key, T t, int nTimeMinute = 10) where T : class,new() { return false; } public virtual List<string> GetHashKeys(string hashId) { return null; } public virtual List<string> GetHashValues(string hashId) { return null; } public virtual T GetHashValue<T>(string hashId, string key) where T : class,new() { var t = default(T); return t; } public virtual bool RemoveHashByKey(string hashId, string key) { return false; } public virtual void Dispose(bool isfalse) { if (isfalse) { } } //手動(dòng)釋放 public void Dispose() { this.Dispose(true); //不自動(dòng)釋放 GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } } /// <summary> /// Redis緩存 /// </summary> public class RedisCache : BaseCache { public IRedisClient redis = null; public RedisCache() { //這里去讀取默認(rèn)配置文件數(shù)據(jù) def_ip = "127.0.0.1"; def_port = 6379; def_password = ""; } #region Redis緩存 public static object _lockCache = new object(); public override void InitCache(bool isReadAndWriter = true, string ip = "", int port = 0, string password = "") { if (redis == null) { ip = string.IsNullOrEmpty(ip) ? def_ip : ip; port = port == 0 ? def_port : port; password = string.IsNullOrEmpty(password) ? def_password : password; //單個(gè)redis服務(wù) //redis = new RedisClient(ip, port, password); //集群服務(wù) 如果密碼,格式如:pwd@ip:port var readAndWritePorts = new List<string> { "shenniubuxing3@127.0.0.1:6379" }; var onlyReadPorts = new List<string> { "shenniubuxing3@127.0.0.1:6378", "shenniubuxing3@127.0.0.1:6377" }; var redisPool = new PooledRedisClientManager( readAndWritePorts, onlyReadPorts, new RedisClientManagerConfig { AutoStart = true, //最大讀取鏈接 MaxReadPoolSize = 20, //最大寫入鏈接 MaxWritePoolSize = 10 }) { //每個(gè)鏈接超時(shí)時(shí)間 ConnectTimeout = 20, //連接池超時(shí)時(shí)間 PoolTimeout = 60 }; lock (_lockCache) { redis = isReadAndWriter ? redisPool.GetClient() : redisPool.GetReadOnlyClient(); } } } public override bool AddExpire(string key, int nTimeMinute = 10) { var isfalse = false; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return isfalse; } InitCache(); //isfalse = redis.ExpireEntryIn(key, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(nTimeMinute)); isfalse = redis.ExpireEntryAt(key, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(nTimeMinute)); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return isfalse; } public override bool SetCache<T>(string key, T t, int timeOutMinute = 10, bool isSerilize = false) { var isfalse = false; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return isfalse; } InitCache(); if (isSerilize) { var data = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(t); var bb = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data); isfalse = redis.Set<byte[]>(key, bb, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(timeOutMinute)); } else { isfalse = redis.Set<T>(key, t, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(timeOutMinute)); } } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return isfalse; } public override T GetCache<T>(string key, bool isSerilize = false) { var t = default(T); try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return t; } InitCache(false); if (isSerilize) { var bb = redis.Get<byte[]>(key); if (bb.Length <= 0) { return t; } var data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bb); t = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(data); } else { t = redis.Get<T>(key); } } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return t; } public override bool Remove(string key) { var isfalse = false; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return isfalse; } InitCache(); isfalse = redis.Remove(key); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return isfalse; } public override bool SetHashCache<T>(string hashId, string key, T t, int nTimeMinute = 10) { var isfalse = false; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(hashId) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(key) || t == null) { return isfalse; } InitCache(); var result = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(t); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(result)) { return isfalse; } isfalse = redis.SetEntryInHash(hashId, key, result); if (isfalse) { AddExpire(key, nTimeMinute); } } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return isfalse; } public override List<string> GetHashKeys(string hashId) { var hashKeys = new List<string>(); try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(hashId)) { return hashKeys; } InitCache(); hashKeys = redis.GetHashKeys(hashId); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return hashKeys; } public override List<string> GetHashValues(string hashId) { var hashValues = new List<string>(); try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(hashId)) { return hashValues; } InitCache(); hashValues = redis.GetHashValues(hashId); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return hashValues; } public override T GetHashValue<T>(string hashId, string key) { var t = default(T); try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(hashId) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return t; } InitCache(); var result = redis.GetValueFromHash(hashId, key); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(result)) { return t; } t = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(result); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return t; } public override bool RemoveHashByKey(string hashId, string key) { var isfalse = false; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(hashId) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { return isfalse; } InitCache(); isfalse = redis.RemoveEntryFromHash(hashId, key); } catch (Exception ex) { } finally { this.Dispose(); } return isfalse; } public override void Dispose(bool isfalse) { if (isfalse && redis != null) { redis.Dispose(); redis = null; } } #endregion } /// <summary> /// Memcached緩存 /// </summary> public class MemcachedCache : BaseCache { } #endregion
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