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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關(guān)ASP.NET MVC重寫RazorViewEngine實(shí)現(xiàn)多主題切換的示例分析的內(nèi)容。小編覺得挺實(shí)用的,因此分享給大家做個(gè)參考,一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
在ASP.NET MVC中來實(shí)現(xiàn)主題的切換一般有兩種方式,一種是通過切換皮膚的css和js引用,一種就是通過重寫視圖引擎。通過重寫視圖引擎的方式更加靈活,因?yàn)槲也粌H可以在不同主題下面布局和樣式不一樣,還可以讓不同的主題下面顯示的數(shù)據(jù)條目不一致,就是說可以在某些主題下面添加一下個(gè)性化的東西。
本篇我將通過重寫視圖引擎的方式來進(jìn)行演示,在這之前,我假設(shè)你已經(jīng)具備了MVC的一些基礎(chǔ),我們先來看下效果:
系統(tǒng)登錄后是默認(rèn)主題,當(dāng)我們點(diǎn)擊切換主題之后,左側(cè)菜單欄的布局變了,右側(cè)內(nèi)容的樣式也變了,而地址欄是不變的。界面UI用的metronic,雖然官網(wǎng)是收費(fèi)的,但是在天朝,總是可以找到免費(fèi)的。官方地址:http://keenthemes.com/preview/metronic/
在這里,我使用了分區(qū)域、分模塊(按獨(dú)立的業(yè)務(wù)功能劃分)的方式,一個(gè)模塊就是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的dll,在這里Secom.Emx.Admin和Secom.Emx.History就是兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的模塊,并分別創(chuàng)建了區(qū)域Admin和History。
你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)Secom.Emx.Admin模型下面的Areas目錄和Secom.Emx.WebApp中的目錄是一模一樣的,其實(shí)我最初不想在模塊項(xiàng)目中添加任何的View,但是為了方便獨(dú)立部署還是加了。
右鍵單擊項(xiàng)目Secom.Emx.Admin,選擇“屬性”——“生成事件”添加如下代碼:
xcopy /e/r/y $(ProjectDir)Areas\Admin\Views $(SolutionDir)Secom.Emx.WebApp\Areas\Admin\Views
這命令很簡(jiǎn)單,其實(shí)就是當(dāng)編譯項(xiàng)目Secom.Emx.Admin的時(shí)候,將項(xiàng)目中的Views復(fù)制到Secom.Emx.WebApp項(xiàng)目的指定目錄下。
區(qū)域配置文件我放置到了Secom.Emx.WebApp中,其實(shí)你完全可以獨(dú)立放置到一個(gè)類庫項(xiàng)目中,因?yàn)樽?cè)區(qū)域路由的后,項(xiàng)目最終會(huì)尋找bin目錄下面所有繼承了AreaRegistration類的,然后讓W(xué)ebApp引用這個(gè)類庫項(xiàng)目,Secom.Emx.WebApp項(xiàng)目添加Secom.Emx.Admin、Secom.Emx.History的引用。
AdminAreaRegistration代碼如下:
using System.Web.Mvc; namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp { public class AdminAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration { public override string AreaName { get { return "Admin"; } } public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) { context.MapRoute( "Admin_default", "Admin/{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, namespaces:new string[1] { "Secom.Emx.Admin.Areas.Admin.Controllers" } ); } } }
注意命名空間和后面添加的 namespaces:new string[1] { "Secom.Emx.Admin.Areas.Admin.Controllers" },這個(gè)命名空間就是獨(dú)立模塊Secom.Emx.Admin下面的控制器所在的命名空間。
HistoryAreaRegistration代碼如下:
using System.Web.Mvc; namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp { public class HistoryAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration { public override string AreaName { get { return "History"; } } public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) { context.MapRoute( "History_default", "History/{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, namespaces:new string[1] { "Secom.Emx.History.Areas.History.Controllers" } ); } } }
我們先看下RazorViewEngine的原始構(gòu)造函數(shù)如下:
public RazorViewEngine(IViewPageActivator viewPageActivator) : base(viewPageActivator) { AreaViewLocationFormats = new[] { "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml" }; AreaMasterLocationFormats = new[] { "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml" }; AreaPartialViewLocationFormats = new[] { "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml" }; ViewLocationFormats = new[] { "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml" }; MasterLocationFormats = new[] { "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml" }; PartialViewLocationFormats = new[] { "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml" }; FileExtensions = new[] { "cshtml", "vbhtml", }; }
然后新建CustomRazorViewEngine繼承自RazorViewEngine,對(duì)View的路由規(guī)則進(jìn)行了重寫,既然可以重寫路由規(guī)則,那意味著,你可以任意定義規(guī)則,然后遵守自己定義的規(guī)則就可以了。需要注意的是,要注意路由數(shù)組中的順序,查找視圖時(shí),是按照前后順序依次查找的,當(dāng)找到了視圖就立即返回,不會(huì)再去匹配后面的路由規(guī)則。為了提升路由查找效率,我這里刪除了所有vbhtml的路由規(guī)則,因?yàn)槲艺麄€(gè)項(xiàng)目中都采用C#語言。
using System.Web.Mvc; namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp.Helper { public class CustomRazorViewEngine : RazorViewEngine { public CustomRazorViewEngine(string theme) { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(theme)) { AreaViewLocationFormats = new[] { //themes "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Areas/{2}/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/themes/"+theme+"/Shared/{0}.cshtml" "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; AreaMasterLocationFormats = new[] { //themes "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Areas/{2}/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Areas/{2}/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; AreaPartialViewLocationFormats = new[] { //themes "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; ViewLocationFormats = new[] { //themes "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; MasterLocationFormats = new[] { //themes "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; PartialViewLocationFormats = new[] { //themes "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; FileExtensions = new[]{"cshtml"}; } } } }
重寫后,我們的路由規(guī)則將是這樣的:當(dāng)沒有選擇主題的情況下,沿用原來的路由規(guī)則,如果選擇了主題,則使用重寫后的路由規(guī)則。
新的路由規(guī)則:在選擇了主題的情況下,優(yōu)先查找thems/主題名稱/views/Areas/區(qū)域名稱/控制器名稱/視圖名稱.cshtml,如果找不到再按照默認(rèn)的路由規(guī)則去尋找,也就是Areas/區(qū)域名稱/Views/控制器名稱/視圖名稱.cshtml
切換主題View代碼:
<div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-circle btn-outline red dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"> <i class="fa fa-plus"></i> <span class="hidden-sm hidden-xs">切換主題 </span> <i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li> <a href="javascript:setTheme('default')"> <i class="icon-docs"></i> 默認(rèn)主題 </a> </li> <li> <a href="javascript:setTheme('Blue')"> <i class="icon-tag"></i> 藍(lán)色主題 </a> </li> </ul> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function setTheme(themeName) { window.location.href = "/Home/SetTheme?themeName=" + themeName + "&href=" + window.location.href; } </script>
當(dāng)用戶登錄成功的時(shí)候,從Cookie中讀取所選主題信息,當(dāng)Cookie中沒有讀取到主題記錄時(shí),則從Web.config配置文件中讀取配置的主題名稱,如果都沒有讀取到,則說明是默認(rèn)主題,沿用原有的視圖引擎規(guī)則。
在后臺(tái)管理界面,每次選擇了主題,我都將主題名稱存儲(chǔ)到Cookie中,默認(rèn)保存一年,這樣當(dāng)下次再登錄的時(shí)候,就能夠記住所選的主題信息了。
using System; using System.Web.Mvc; using Secom.Emx.WebApp.Helper; using System.Web; using Secom.Emx.Common.Controllers; namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp.Controllers { public class HomeController : BaseController { string themeCookieName = "Theme"; public ActionResult Index() { ViewData["Menu"] = GetMenus(); return View(); } public ActionResult SetTheme(string themeName,string href) { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName)) { Response.Cookies.Set(new HttpCookie(themeCookieName, themeName) { Expires = DateTime.Now.AddYears(1) }); } else { themeName = Request.Cookies[themeCookieName].Value ?? "".Trim(); } Utils.ResetRazorViewEngine(themeName); return string.IsNullOrEmpty(href)? Redirect("~/Home/Index"):Redirect(href); } public ActionResult Login() { string themeName = Request.Cookies[themeCookieName].Value ?? "".Trim(); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName)) { Utils.ResetRazorViewEngine(themeName); } return View(); } } }
Utils類:
using System.Configuration; using System.Web.Mvc; namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp.Helper { public class Utils { private static string _themeName; public static string ThemeName { get { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_themeName)) { return _themeName; } //模板風(fēng)格 _themeName =string.IsNullOrEmpty(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Theme"])? "" : ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Theme"]; return _themeName; } } public static void ResetRazorViewEngine(string themeName) { themeName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName) ? Utils.ThemeName : themeName; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName)) { ViewEngines.Engines.Clear(); ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new CustomRazorViewEngine(themeName)); } } } }
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