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如何在.Net Core中讀取Json配置文件?很多新手對此不是很清楚,為了幫助大家解決這個難題,下面小編將為大家詳細(xì)講解,有這方面需求的人可以來學(xué)習(xí)下,希望你能有所收獲。
第一種:使用IConfiguration接口
我們先在appsettings.json中配置好數(shù)據(jù)庫連接字符串,然后讀取它
{ "Connection": { "dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*" }
在控制器中注入IConfiguration接口
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; namespace Read.json.Controllers { [ApiController] [Route("[controller]")] public class ReadController : Controller { private IConfiguration _configuration; public ReadController(IConfiguration configuration) { _configuration = configuration; } [HttpPost] public async Task<string> ReadJson() { //讀參 string conn = _configuration["Connection:dbContent"]; return ""; } } }
當(dāng)然也可以讀取數(shù)組形式的json,一樣的先在appsettings.json中寫好配置參數(shù),如下:
{ "Connection": { "dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, //------------------------ "Content": [ { "Trade_name": { "test1": "小熊餅干", "test2": "旺仔QQ糖", "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶" } } ], //------------------------ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*" }
比如我們想讀取test1
string commodity_test1 = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"];
第二種:使用IOptions<T>來讀取json配置文件
先把NuGet包導(dǎo)進(jìn)項目:Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions
首先在appsettings.json中添加節(jié)點如下
{ "Connection": { "dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, //------------------------ "Content": [ { "Trade_name": { "test1": "小熊餅干", "test2": "旺仔QQ糖", "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶" } } ], //------------------------ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*", //============================== "Information": { "school": { "Introduce": { "Name": "實驗小學(xué)", "Class": "中班", "Number": "15人" }, "Region": { "Province": "湖北", "City": "武漢", "Area": "洪山區(qū)" }, "Detailed_address": [ { "Address": "佳園路207號" } ] } } //============================== }
然和再建立一個與這個節(jié)點"相同"的類
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Read.json { public class Information { public School school { get; set; } } public class School { public Introduce Introduce { get; set; } public Region Region { get; set; } public List<Detailed_address> data { get; set; } } public class Introduce { public string Name { get; set; } public string Class { get; set; } public string Number { get; set; } } public class Region { public string Province { get; set; } public string City { get; set; } public string Area { get; set; } } public class Detailed_address { public string Address { get; set; } } }
在Startup中添加如下代碼
#region 服務(wù)注冊,在控制器中通過注入的形式使用 services.AddOptions(); services.Configure<Information>(Configuration.GetSection("Information")); #endregion
控制器中使用:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using Microsoft.Extensions.Options; namespace Read.json.Controllers { [Route("api/[controller]/[action]")] [ApiController] public class ReadController : Controller { private IConfiguration _configuration; readonly Information _Information; readonly IOptions<Information> _options; public ReadController(IConfiguration configuration, Information Information, IOptions<Information> options) { _configuration = configuration; _Information = Information; _options = options; } [HttpGet] public async Task<IActionResult> ReadInformation() { string Address = _options.Value.school.Region.Province + "-" + _options.Value.school.Region.City + "-" + _options.Value.school.Region.Area + "-" + _options.Value.school.Detailed_address[0].Address + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Name + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Class + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Number; return Json(Address); } [HttpPost] public async Task<string> ReadJson() { string conn = _configuration["Connection:dbContent"]; string commodity = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"]; return ""; } } }
第三種:這種應(yīng)該比較常見,任意讀取自定義的json文件
首先建立一個json文件
{ "system_version": { "Edition": ".Net Core 3.0", "Project_Name": "Read.json" } }
再建一個類,封裝一個方法
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Read.json { public class Json_File { public IConfigurationRoot Read_Json_File() { //這句代碼會讀取read_json.json中的內(nèi)容 return new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("read_json.json") .Build(); } } }
在控制器中調(diào)用:
[HttpGet] public async Task<IActionResult> ReadSystemVersion() { var configuration = _json_File.Read_Json_File(); string system = "使用的是" + configuration["system_version:Edition"] + "的版本" + "," + "項目名稱是" + configuration["system_version:Project_Name"]; return Json(new { data = system }); }
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