MySQL5.7改密碼無password字段并存在1820的報(bào)錯(cuò),并部署zabbix和監(jiān)控mysql

新安裝的MySQL5.7，登錄時(shí)提示密碼錯(cuò)誤，安裝的時(shí)候并沒有更改密碼，后來通過免密碼登錄的方式更改密碼，輸入update mysql.user set password=password('123456') where user='root'時(shí)提示ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'，原來是mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫下已經(jīng)沒有password這個(gè)字段了，password字段改成了
authentication_string

上圖是設(shè)置root密碼之后的加上注釋

進(jìn)去mysql里設(shè)置root密碼
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' ;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.09 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql> exit
Bye

[root@mha ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf ###進(jìn)去把skip-grant-tables注釋了
[root@mha ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

1、修改用戶密碼：
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'youpassword'; 或者set password=password("xxxxx");
2、授權(quán)遠(yuǎn)程訪問：
grant 權(quán)限 on . to '用戶'@'%’ identified by '123456';
##############%是代表所有地址；第一個(gè)是庫，第二個(gè)是表；
權(quán)限：
all privileges (所有權(quán)限)
insert,update,delete,select（增改刪查）
3、查看用戶的權(quán)限
select from mysql.user where user='root'\G;
4、添加中文字符集
在[mysqld]下添加
character_set_server=utf8

5、通過授權(quán)：
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix. to 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

有時(shí)候，只是為了自己測試，不想密碼設(shè)mysql> 置得那么復(fù)雜，譬如說，我只想設(shè)置root的密碼為123456。

必須修改兩個(gè)全局參數(shù)：

首先，修改validate_password_policy參數(shù)的值

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
這樣，判斷密碼的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就基于密碼的長度了。這個(gè)由validate_password_length參數(shù)來決定。

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
| 8 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
validate_password_length參數(shù)默認(rèn)為8，它有最小值的限制，最小值為：
validate_password_number_count

• validate_password_special_char_count
• (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)

其中，validate_password_number_count指定了密碼中數(shù)據(jù)的長度，validate_password_special_char_count指定了密碼中特殊字符的長度，validate_password_mixed_case_count指定了密碼中大小字母的長度。

這些參數(shù)，默認(rèn)值均為1，所以validate_password_length最小值為4，如果你顯性指定validate_password_length的值小于4，盡管不會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，但validate_password_length的值將設(shè)為4。如下所示：

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
| 8 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
| 4 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
如果修改了validate_password_number_count，validate_password_special_char_count，validate_password_mixed_case_count中任何一個(gè)值，則validate_password_length將進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)修改。

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
| 4 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
+--------------------------------------+
| @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
+--------------------------------------+
| 1 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
+--------------------------------------+
| @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
+--------------------------------------+
| 2 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
| 6 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
初始化mysql時(shí)候改的密碼

5、允許Zabbix web console 對(duì)特定IP段可用 (可選)
編輯文件 /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf,

vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
添加允許訪問 zabbix web interface的ip段. 如果設(shè)置 ‘Allow from All’, 這可以允許全部可以訪問

#

Zabbix monitoring system php web frontend

#

Alias /zabbix /usr/share/zabbix

<Directory"/usr/share/zabbix">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted

<IfModulemod_php5.c>
php_value max_execution_time 300
php_value memory_limit 128M
php_value post_max_size 16M
php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
php_value max_input_time 300
php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai
</IfModule>
</Directory>

<Directory"/usr/share/zabbix/conf">
Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory"/usr/share/zabbix/include">
Require all denied
</Directory>
啟動(dòng)zabbix-server 和zabbix-agent。重啟httpd,，并設(shè)置zabbix-server和zabbix-agent開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)

systemctl start zabbix-server

systemctl start zabbix-agent

systemctl restart httpd

systemctl restart mariadb

systemctl enable zabbix-server

systemctl enable zabbix-agent ---- (可選)

6、安裝并部署zabbix
準(zhǔn)備：
rpm --import http://repo.zabbix.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX
rpm -Uv http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/2.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-2.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
安裝：
yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent zabbix-java-gateway
部署：
（1）編輯 file /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix:

vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
更新時(shí)區(qū):

php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai
重啟httpd

systemctl restart httpd
（2）創(chuàng)建MySQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫和用戶
登錄MariaDB:

mysql –u root –p
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫‘zabbixdb’和數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶‘zabbix’

MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8;

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
（3）數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)入zabbix template
使用數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶zabbix登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫

mysql –uzabbix –p
切換到zabbix數(shù)據(jù)庫

use zabbix
導(dǎo)入模板數(shù)據(jù)

MariaDB [zabbix]> source /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.8/create/schema.sql

MariaDB [zabbix]> source /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.8/create/images.sql

MariaDB [zabbix]> source /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.8/create/data.sql
（4）配置Zabbix server
編輯文件/etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf,

vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
配置下面的三個(gè)參數(shù)

[...]
DBName=zabbix
[...]
DBUser=zabbix
[...]
DBPassword=123456
[...]
（5）配置zabbix-agent
vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
配置zabbix server 的ip

[...]

Line 85 - Specify Zabbix server

Server=127.0.0.1

[...]

Line 126 - Specify Zabbix server

ServerActive=127.0.0.1

[...]

Line 137 - Specify Zabbix server Hostname or IP address

Hostname=127.0.0.1

[...]
（6）修改PHP 設(shè)置
修改php.ini為zabbix 建議的設(shè)置

編輯文件 php.ini,

vi /etc/php.ini
設(shè)置下面的參數(shù).

max_execution_time = 600
max_input_time = 600
memory_limit = 256
Mpost_max_size = 32M
upload_max_filesize = 16M
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

（7）web頁面安裝zabbix

前期工作做好了，就都OK


web頁面默認(rèn)登陸密碼和用戶名，Admin/zabbix

zabbix監(jiān)控mysql
zabbix客戶端的mysql配置要把client配置好：
[client]
#socket=/app/mysql/lib/mysql.sock
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=root
host=localhost
password=123456

mysql的zabbix客戶端正確自定義key (如果按照百度出來的key:mysql.version mysql.status mysql.ping的這樣配置是錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致無法啟動(dòng)zabbix-agent服務(wù)，可能是版本的原因吧)，下面是正確配置：
UnsafeUserParameters=1

UserParameter=version,mysql -V
UserParameter=status[],/etc/zabbix/scripts/check_mysql.sh $1
UserParameter=ping[],mysqladmin -u zabbix -p123456 ping | grep -c alive

zabbix客戶端的mysql腳本：
[root@mariadb02 zabbix]# cat scripts/check_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
source /etc/profile

用戶名

#MYSQL_USER='zabbix'

密碼

#MYSQL_PWD='123456'

主機(jī)地址/IP

#MYSQL_HOST='127.0.0.1'

端口

#MYSQL_PORT='3306'

數(shù)據(jù)連接

#mysqladmin=/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PWD} -h${MYSQL_HOST} -P${MYSQL_PORT}
mysqladmin=which mysqladmin

case $1 in
Uptime)
result=${mysqladmin} status|cut -f2 -d":"|cut -f1 -d"T"
echo $result
;;
Com_update)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Com_update"|cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Slow_queries)
result=${mysqladmin} status |cut -f5 -d":"|cut -f1 -d"O"
echo $result
;;
Com_select)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Com_select"|cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Com_rollback)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Com_rollback"|cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Questions)
result=${mysqladmin} status|cut -f4 -d":"|cut -f1 -d"S"
echo $result
;;
Com_insert)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Com_insert"|cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Com_delete)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Com_delete"|cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Com_commit)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Com_commit"|cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Bytes_sent)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Bytes_sent" |cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Bytes_received)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Bytes_received" |cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;
Com_begin)
result=${mysqladmin} extended-status |grep -w "Com_begin"|cut -d"|" -f3
echo $result
;;

    *) 
    echo "Usage:$0(Uptime|Com_update|Slow_queries|Com_select|Com_rollback|Questions|Com_insert|Com_delete|Com_commit|Bytes_sent|Bytes_received|Com_begin)" 
    ;; 

esac

zabbix服務(wù)端的log日志