溫馨提示×

溫馨提示×

您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!

密碼登錄×
登錄注冊×
其他方式登錄
點擊 登錄注冊 即表示同意《億速云用戶服務(wù)條款》

python Paramiko的使用方法教程

發(fā)布時間:2020-11-02 17:04:12 來源:億速云 閱讀:781 作者:Leah 欄目:開發(fā)技術(shù)

python Paramiko的使用方法教程?很多新手對此不是很清楚,為了幫助大家解決這個難題,下面小編將為大家詳細講解,有這方面需求的人可以來學習下,希望你能有所收獲。

Paramiko 是由 Python 語言編寫的一個擴展模塊,提供了基于 SSHv2 協(xié)議 (包括客戶端和服務(wù)端)的多種功能實現(xiàn)。通常被用來遠程控制類 UNIX 系統(tǒng)。

Paramiko 可以直接使用 pip 命令安裝:

$ pip install paramiko

此處不作過多介紹,參考后文中的代碼示例。

遠程執(zhí)行 Linux 命令

代碼如下:

import paramiko

# 初始化 SSH 客戶端,通過用戶名密碼連接至遠程服務(wù)器
client = paramiko.SSHClient()
client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy)
client.connect(hostname='remoteserver_ip', username='username', password='password')

# 通過 RSA 秘鑰驗證的方式連接至遠程 SSH 服務(wù)
# private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('~/.ssh/id_rsa')
# client.connect(hostname="remoteserver_ip", username="username", pkey=private_key)

# 遠程執(zhí)行 df -h 命令并打印輸出
stdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command('df -h')
print(stdout.read().decode('utf-8'))

client.close()

運行效果如下:

python Paramiko的使用方法教程

SFTP 文件傳輸

示例代碼如下:

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname_or_ip', port))

# 通過用戶名密碼完成驗證建立連接
transport.connect(username='username', password='password')

# 通過 RSA 私鑰文件完成驗證建立連接
# private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/path/to/private_key_file')
# transport.connect(username='username', pkey=private_key)

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

localpath = "localfile"
remotepath = "remotefile_fullpath"
sftp.put(localpath, remotepath)
print("Successfully uploaded")

transport.close()

綜合示例

代碼如下(文件名 ssh_connection.py ):

import paramiko
import getpass
import os


class SSHConnection():

  def __init__(self, user, host, port=22, password=''):
    self.username = user
    self.host = host
    self.port = port
    self.password = password
    self.keyfile = self.get_keyfile()

  def get_keyfile(self, path=os.getcwd()):
    default_keyfile = os.path.join(
      os.environ['HOME'], '.ssh', 'id_rsa')

    if 'id_rsa' in os.listdir(path):
      keyfile = os.path.join(path, 'id_rsa')
    elif os.path.isfile(default_keyfile):
      keyfile = default_keyfile
    else:
      keyfile = ''

    return keyfile

  def connect(self):
    transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host, self.port))

    if self.password:
      transport.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password)
    elif self.keyfile:
      transport.connect(
        username=self.username,
        pkey=paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(self.keyfile))
    else:
      password = getpass.getpass(
        "Password for %s@%s: " % (self.username, self.host))
      transport.connect(username=self.username, password=password)

    self._transport = transport

    print("Connected to %s as %s" % (self.host, self.username))

  def close(self):
    self._transport.close()

  def run_cmd(self, command):
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh._transport = self._transport

    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
    res = stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
    error = stderr.read().decode('utf-8')

    if error.strip():
      return error
    else:
      return res

  def trans_file(self, localpath, remotepath, method=''):
    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self._transport)
    if method == 'put':
      sftp.put(localpath, remotepath)
      print("File %s has uploaded to %s" % (localpath, remotepath))
    elif method == 'get':
      sftp.get(remotepath, localpath)
      print("File %s has saved as %s" % (remotepath, localpath))
    else:
      print('usage: trans_file(localpath, remotepath, method="get/put"')

  def __del__(self):
    self.close()

測試結(jié)果如下:

(python3) D:\Program\python\devops>python
Python 3.7.2 (default, Jan 2 2019, 17:07:39) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from ssh_connection import SSHConnection
>>> client = SSHConnection('starky','127.0.0.1')
>>> client.connect()
Connected to 127.0.0.1 as starky
>>> client.run_cmd('uname -a')
'Linux server1 5.0.0-20-generic #21-Ubuntu SMP Mon Jun 24 09:32:09 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux\n'
>>> client.trans_file('id_rsa.pub', '/home/starky/id_rsa.pub', method='put')
File id_rsa.pub has uploaded to /home/starky/id_rsa.pub
>>> client.run_cmd('ls -l /home/starky/id_rsa.pub')
'-rw-rw-r-- 1 starky starky 410 7月 20 15:01 /home/starky/id_rsa.pub\n'
>>> exit()

看完上述內(nèi)容是否對您有幫助呢?如果還想對相關(guān)知識有進一步的了解或閱讀更多相關(guān)文章,請關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道,感謝您對億速云的支持。

向AI問一下細節(jié)

免責聲明:本站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創(chuàng)、轉(zhuǎn)載和分享為主,文章觀點不代表本網(wǎng)站立場,如果涉及侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系站長郵箱:is@yisu.com進行舉報,并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),一經(jīng)查實,將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。

AI