Python如何實現(xiàn)爬取51cto數據并存入MySQL的方法

Python如何實現(xiàn)爬取51cto數據并存入MySQL的方法？這個問題可能是我們日常學習或工作經常見到的。希望通過這個問題能讓你收獲頗深。下面是小編給大家?guī)淼膮⒖純热?，讓我們一起來看看吧?/p>

實驗環(huán)境

1.安裝Python 3.7

2.安裝requests, bs4，pymysql 模塊

實驗步驟1.安裝環(huán)境及模塊

可參考https://www.jb51.net/article/194104.htm

2.編寫代碼

# 51cto 博客頁面數據插入mysql數據庫
# 導入模塊
import re
import bs4
import pymysql
import requests

# 連接數據庫賬號密碼
db = pymysql.connect(host='172.171.13.229',
           user='root', passwd='abc123',
           db='test', port=3306,
           charset='utf8')
# 獲取游標
cursor = db.cursor()

def open_url(url):
  # 連接模擬網頁訪問
  headers = {
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
           'Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36'}
  res = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
  return res

# 爬取網頁內容
def find_text(res):
  soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')

  # 博客名
  titles = []
  targets = soup.find_all("a", class_="tit")
  for each in targets:
    each = each.text.strip()
    if "置頂" in each:
      each = each.split(' ')[0]
    titles.append(each)

  # 閱讀量
  reads = []
  read1 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl on")
  read2 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl")
  for each in read1:
    reads.append(each.text)
  for each in read2:
    reads.append(each.text)

  # 評論數
  comment = []
  targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='comment fl')
  for each in targets:
    comment.append(each.text)

  # 收藏
  collects = []
  targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='collect fl')
  for each in targets:
    collects.append(each.text)

   # 發(fā)布時間
  dates=[]
  targets = soup.find_all("a", class_='time fl')
  for each in targets:
    each = each.text.split('：')[1]
    dates.append(each)

  # 插入sql 語句
  sql = """insert into blog (blog_title,read_number,comment_number, collect, dates)
  values( '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s');"""
  # 替換頁面 \xa0
  for titles, reads, comment, collects, dates in zip(titles, reads, comment, collects, dates):
    reads = re.sub('\s', '', reads)
    comment = re.sub('\s', '', comment)
    collects = re.sub('\s', '', collects)
    cursor.execute(sql % (titles, reads, comment, collects，dates))
    db.commit()
    pass

# 統(tǒng)計總頁數
def find_depth(res):
  soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
  depth = soup.find('li', class_='next').previous_sibling.previous_sibling.text
  return int(depth)

# 主函數
def main():
  host = "https://blog.51cto.com/13760351"
  res = open_url(host) # 打開首頁鏈接
  depth = find_depth(res) # 獲取總頁數

  # 爬取其他頁面信息
  for i in range(1, depth + 1):
    url = host + '/p' + str(i) # 完整鏈接
    res = open_url(url) # 打開其他鏈接
    find_text(res) # 爬取數據

  # 關閉游標
  cursor.close()
  # 關閉數據庫連接
  db.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

3..MySQL創(chuàng)建對應的表

CREATE TABLE `blog` (
 `row_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵',
 `blog_title` varchar(52) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '博客標題',
 `read_number` varchar(26) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '閱讀數量',
 `comment_number` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '評論數量',
 `collect` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收藏數量',
 `dates` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '發(fā)布日期',
 PRIMARY KEY (`row_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

4.運行代碼，查看效果:

改進版：

改進內容：

1.數據庫里面的某些字段只保留數字即可

2.默認爬取的內容都是字符串，存放數據庫的某些字段，最好改為整型，方便后面數據庫操作

1.代碼如下：

import re
import bs4
import pymysql
import requests

# 連接數據庫
db = pymysql.connect(host='172.171.13.229',
           user='root', passwd='abc123',
           db='test', port=3306,
           charset='utf8')
# 獲取游標
cursor = db.cursor()

def open_url(url):
  # 連接模擬網頁訪問
  headers = {
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
           'Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36'}
  res = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
  return res

# 爬取網頁內容
def find_text(res):
  soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')

  # 博客標題
  titles = []
  targets = soup.find_all("a", class_="tit")
  for each in targets:
    each = each.text.strip()
    if "置頂" in each:
      each = each.split(' ')[0]
    titles.append(each)

  # 閱讀量
  reads = []
  read1 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl on")
  read2 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl")
  for each in read1:
    reads.append(each.text)
  for each in read2:
    reads.append(each.text)

  # 評論數
  comment = []
  targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='comment fl')
  for each in targets:
    comment.append(each.text)

  # 收藏
  collects = []
  targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='collect fl')
  for each in targets:
    collects.append(each.text)

  # 發(fā)布時間
  dates=[]
  targets = soup.find_all("a", class_='time fl')
  for each in targets:
    each = each.text.split('：')[1]
    dates.append(each)

  # 插入sql 語句
  sql = """insert into blogs (blog_title,read_number,comment_number, collect, dates)
  values( '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s');"""
  # 替換頁面 \xa0
  for titles, reads, comment, collects, dates in zip(titles, reads, comment, collects, dates):
    reads = re.sub('\s', '', reads)
    reads=int(re.sub('\D', "", reads)) #匹配數字，轉換為整型
    comment = re.sub('\s', '', comment)
    comment = int(re.sub('\D', "", comment)) #匹配數字，轉換為整型
    collects = re.sub('\s', '', collects)
    collects = int(re.sub('\D', "", collects)) #匹配數字，轉換為整型
    dates = re.sub('\s', '', dates)
    cursor.execute(sql % (titles, reads, comment, collects,dates))
    db.commit()
    pass

# 統(tǒng)計總頁數
def find_depth(res):
  soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
  depth = soup.find('li', class_='next').previous_sibling.previous_sibling.text
  return int(depth)

# 主函數
def main():
  host = "https://blog.51cto.com/13760351"
  res = open_url(host) # 打開首頁鏈接
  depth = find_depth(res) # 獲取總頁數

  # 爬取其他頁面信息
  for i in range(1, depth + 1):
    url = host + '/p' + str(i) # 完整鏈接
    res = open_url(url) # 打開其他鏈接
    find_text(res) # 爬取數據

  # 關閉游標
  cursor.close()
  # 關閉數據庫連接
  db.close()

#主程序入口
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

2.創(chuàng)建對應表

CREATE TABLE `blogs` (
 `row_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵',
 `blog_title` varchar(52) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '博客標題',
 `read_number` int(26) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '閱讀數量',
 `comment_number` int(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '評論數量',
 `collect` int(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收藏數量',
 `dates` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '發(fā)布日期',
 PRIMARY KEY (`row_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3.運行代碼，驗證

升級版

為了能讓小白就可以使用這個程序，可以把這個項目打包成exe格式的文件，讓其他人，使用電腦就可以運行代碼，這樣非常方便！

1.改進代碼：

#末尾修改為：
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()
  print("\n\t\t所有數據已成功存放數據庫！!! \n")
  time.sleep(5)

2.安裝打包模塊pyinstaller(cmd安裝）

pip install pyinstaller -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

3.Python代碼打包

1.切換到需要打包代碼的路徑下面

2.在cmd窗口運行 pyinstaller -F test03.py （test03為項目名稱）

4.查看exe包

在打包后會出現(xiàn)dist目錄，打好包就在這個目錄里面

5.運行exe包，查看效果

檢查數據庫

感謝各位的閱讀！看完上述內容，你們對Python如何實現(xiàn)爬取51cto數據并存入MySQL的方法大概了解了嗎？希望文章內容對大家有所幫助。如果想了解更多相關文章內容，歡迎關注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。