Python3爬蟲里如何實(shí)現(xiàn)識(shí)別微博宮格驗(yàn)證碼

import time
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
USERNAME = ''
PASSWORD = ''
class CrackWeiboSlide():
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login'
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 20)
        self.username = USERNAME
        self.password = PASSWORD
    def __del__(self):
        self.browser.close()
    def open(self):
        """
        打開網(wǎng)頁(yè)輸入用戶名密碼并點(diǎn)擊
        :return: None
        """
        self.browser.get(self.url)
        username = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'loginName')))
        password = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'loginPassword')))
        submit = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'loginAction')))
        username.send_keys(self.username)
        password.send_keys(self.password)
        submit.click()
    def get_position(self):
        """
        獲取驗(yàn)證碼位置
        :return: 驗(yàn)證碼位置元組
        """
        try:
            img = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'patt-shadow')))
        except TimeoutException:
            print('未出現(xiàn)驗(yàn)證碼')
            self.open()
        time.sleep(2)
        location = img.location
        size = img.size
        top, bottom, left, right = location['y'], location['y'] + size['height'], location['x'], location['x'] 
        + size['width']
        return (top, bottom, left, right)
    def get_screenshot(self):
        """
        獲取網(wǎng)頁(yè)截圖
        :return: 截圖對(duì)象
        """
        screenshot = self.browser.get_screenshot_as_png()
        screenshot = Image.open(BytesIO(screenshot))
        return screenshot
    def get_image(self, name='captcha.png'):
        """
        獲取驗(yàn)證碼圖片
        :return: 圖片對(duì)象
        """
        top, bottom, left, right = self.get_position()
        print('驗(yàn)證碼位置', top, bottom, left, right)
        screenshot = self.get_screenshot()
        captcha = screenshot.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
        captcha.save(name)
        return captcha
    def main(self):
        """
        批量獲取驗(yàn)證碼
        :return: 圖片對(duì)象
        """
        count = 0
        while True:
            self.open()
            self.get_image(str(count) + '.png')
            count += 1
if __name__ == '__main__':
    crack = CrackWeiboSlide()
    crack.main()

from os import listdir
def detect_image(self, image):
    """
    匹配圖片
    :param image: 圖片
    :return: 拖動(dòng)順序
    """
    for template_name in listdir(TEMPLATES_FOLDER):
        print('正在匹配', template_name)
        template = Image.open(TEMPLATES_FOLDER + template_name)
        if self.same_image(image, template):
            # 返回順序
            numbers = [int(number) for number in list(template_name.split('.')[0])]
            print('拖動(dòng)順序', numbers)
            return numbers

def is_pixel_equal(self, image1, image2, x, y):
    """
    判斷兩個(gè)像素是否相同
    :param image1: 圖片1
    :param image2: 圖片2
    :param x: 位置x
    :param y: 位置y
    :return: 像素是否相同
    """
    # 取兩個(gè)圖片的像素點(diǎn)
    pixel1 = image1.load()[x, y]
    pixel2 = image2.load()[x, y]
    threshold = 20
    if abs(pixel1[0] - pixel2[0]) < threshold and abs(pixel1[1] - pixel2[1]) < threshold and abs(
            pixel1[2] - pixel2[2]) < threshold:
        return True
    else:
        return False
def same_image(self, image, template):
    """
    識(shí)別相似驗(yàn)證碼
    :param image: 待識(shí)別驗(yàn)證碼
    :param template: 模板
    :return:
    """
    # 相似度閾值
    threshold = 0.99
    count = 0
    for x in range(image.width):
        for y in range(image.height):
            # 判斷像素是否相同
            if self.is_pixel_equal(image, template, x, y):
                count += 1
    result = float(count) / (image.width * image.height)
    if result > threshold:
        print('成功匹配')
        return True
    return False

def move(self, numbers):
    """
    根據(jù)順序拖動(dòng)
    :param numbers:
    :return:
    """
    # 獲得四個(gè)按點(diǎn)
    circles = self.browser.find_elements_by_css_selector('.patt-wrap .patt-circ')
    dx = dy = 0
    for index in range(4):
        circle = circles[numbers[index] - 1]
        # 如果是第一次循環(huán)
        if index == 0:
            # 點(diǎn)擊第一個(gè)按點(diǎn)
            ActionChains(self.browser) 
                .move_to_element_with_offset(circle, circle.size['width'] / 2, circle.size['height'] / 2) 
                .click_and_hold().perform()
        else:
            # 小幅移動(dòng)次數(shù)
            times = 30
            # 拖動(dòng)
            for i in range(times):
                ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(dx / times, dy / times).perform()
                time.sleep(1 / times)
        # 如果是最后一次循環(huán)
        if index == 3:
            # 松開鼠標(biāo)
            ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()
        else:
            # 計(jì)算下一次偏移
            dx = circles[numbers[index + 1] - 1].location['x'] - circle.location['x']
            dy = circles[numbers[index + 1] - 1].location['y'] - circle.location['y']