MySQL5.6二進(jìn)制軟件包編譯安裝詳解（三）

一、軟件環(huán)境

[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) 

二、安裝部署過(guò)程詳解

1. MySQL安裝3種方式：
   1>rpm包安裝
   應(yīng)用文件默認(rèn)安裝在/usr/local 目錄下
   2>源碼編譯
   需要定制文件路徑和參數(shù)
   3> 二進(jìn)制免編譯方式
   優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以指定文件安裝路徑，不存在依賴包問題
2. 下載安裝包到/usr/local/src

   [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
   [root@localhost src]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

   

3. 解壓tar安裝包

   [root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

   查看解壓過(guò)程是否存在報(bào)錯(cuò)

   [root@localhost src]# echo $?
   0

   說(shuō)明:返回0表示解壓成功,否則解壓失敗
   

4. 移動(dòng)重命名,注意執(zhí)行這條命令時(shí),/usr/local/下面是沒有mysql目錄的

[root@localhost src]# mv  mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost src]# ll
total 321176
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 328882304 Dec  9  2017 mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# ll /usr/local/mysql/

5.創(chuàng)建mysql用戶和用戶組

[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# useradd mysql

6.創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)目錄/data/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /data/mysql

7.初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/date/mysql
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper

報(bào)錯(cuò)分析:
初始化mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)報(bào)這個(gè)錯(cuò),是因?yàn)槿鄙貲ata::Dumper這個(gè)模塊

解決辦法1:安裝aotuconf庫(kù)

yum -y install autoconf  

解決辦法2:模糊搜索perl和dumper這兩個(gè)軟件包

[root@localhost mysql]# yum list | grep perl |grep -i dumper

出現(xiàn)4個(gè)Dumper相關(guān)的軟件包,如果在不知道缺少哪個(gè)包的前提下,建議依次yum安裝每個(gè)軟件包,然后再執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化命令看返回結(jié)果

再來(lái)執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化命令,可以從兩個(gè)方面判斷數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化是否成功
a.執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化過(guò)程出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)OK

b.執(zhí)行echo $?返回值是否為0

說(shuō)明:echo $?的作用是檢查上一條命令執(zhí)行狀態(tài),成功返回0,失敗返回非0

8.復(fù)制mysql5.6的配置文件模板

[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

編輯/etc/my.cnf
datadir = /data/mysql
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

9.把mysql5.6數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的啟動(dòng)腳本移動(dòng)到/etc/init.d/mysqld

編輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)腳本/etc/init.d/mysqld,修改
basedir=
datadir=
參數(shù)為
basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql

在centos7.5上,如果想要把mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)腳本加入到系統(tǒng)開機(jī)啟動(dòng),執(zhí)行下面命令

10.啟動(dòng)MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),執(zhí)行

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
................. SUCCESS!
或者
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@localhost mysql]#
此時(shí)可查看到mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)程
[root@localhost mysql]# ps -ef |grep mysqld

查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)監(jiān)控的端口為3306
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -nlpt

11.從命令行啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid &
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep mysqld
root      20630  17325  0 02:09 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
mysql     20767  20630  0 02:09 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root      20861  20802  0 02:10 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld