oracle rac 11.0.2.4初學(xué)者簡(jiǎn)要安裝步驟

########12c rac 多出一個(gè)grid的base目錄和需要準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)40G的盤做GIMR磁盤，其他大致相同.

########從滿腦子問(wèn)號(hào)rac是什么開始搞，做之前先百度了解rac是什么，基本架構(gòu)是怎么樣的，大概就是下圖這樣子，詳細(xì)點(diǎn)的自行百度~

########準(zhǔn)備好oracle安裝包，Oracle官網(wǎng)下載，包不要錢.

########p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7

1.VMware環(huán)境：兩臺(tái)安裝linux的虛擬機(jī)，本次我使用的red hat 6.8，每臺(tái)兩個(gè)網(wǎng)卡public/private。

    搞幾個(gè)共享磁盤出來(lái)

    cmd切換到VMware安裝目錄下，執(zhí)行創(chuàng)建共享磁盤.

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\data.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk

    改虛擬機(jī)的.vmx文件，文件末尾添加剛才創(chuàng)建的虛擬磁盤.

scsi1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.filename = "C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:5.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:5.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:5.filename = "C:\share_disk\data.vmdk"

scsi1:5.deviceType = "disk"

disk.locking = "false"

disk.EnableUUID = "true"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

2.開機(jī)檢查兩臺(tái)主機(jī)都可以看到剛添加的共享盤，檢查swap空間。

3.操作系統(tǒng)配置

3.1關(guān)閉selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

3.2關(guān)閉iptables

rhel6

service iptables stop

chkconfig ip6tables off

chkconfig iptables off

rhel7

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service

firewall-cmd --state

3.3改IP地址，改hosts文件

cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF

2.2.2.10 rac1

2.2.2.11 rac1-vip

2.2.2.20 rac2

2.2.2.21 rac2-vip

2.2.2.15 rac-scan

192.168.88.200 rac1-priv

192.168.88.201 rac2-priv

EOF

禁用ntp，oracle rac中會(huì)使用ctss來(lái)同步集群時(shí)間.

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

3.4內(nèi)核參數(shù)

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

EOF

sysctl -p

3.5Limits

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

EOF

12C：

grid  soft  stack  10240

oracle  soft  stack  10240

3.6 pam

echo session required pam_limits.so >> /etc/pam.d/login

3.7 profile

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

umask 022

fi

EOF

3.8 新建用戶及更改環(huán)境變量.

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 507 asmoper

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

##passwd oracle

echo "oracle:oracle" | chpasswd

##passwd grid

echo "grid:grid" | chpasswd

##Oracle Inventory目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

##Grid Home目錄

mkdir -p /u01/11.2.0/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/12.2.0/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/11.2.0/grid

##Oracle Base目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

##Oracle Home目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/

12C：grid $ORACLE_BASE

mkdir /u01/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/grid

##oracle用戶.bash_profile添加

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=jicheng1   ##rac2為jicheng2

export NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk

export PATH=.:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/ u01/11.2.0/grid/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

##grid用戶.bash_profile添加

vi /home/grid/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

#12C export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1  ##rac2為ASM2

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

3.9 操作系統(tǒng)配置結(jié)束，reboot兩臺(tái)機(jī)器（改配置文件關(guān)selinux重啟生效）

4.ASM盤，可以使用ASMlib和udev方式來(lái)綁定，本次使用udev來(lái)綁定ASM磁盤

取共享磁盤ssid，創(chuàng)建文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules并寫入，往rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)拷貝一份，同樣啟動(dòng)start_udev

rhel6

for i in sdb sdc sdd sde sdf; do UUID=`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$i` ; echo 'KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="'$UUID'", NAME="asm-'$i'", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"'; done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules ; cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

start_udev

ll /dev/asm* 

scp /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules 2.2.2.20:/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

rac2 : 

start_udev

ll /dev/asm* 

rhel7

for i in b c d e f

do

UUID=`/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`

echo 'KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="'$UUID'", SYMLINK+="asm-disk'$i'",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"'

done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

/sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change

udevadm control --reload-rules

5.上傳文件，安裝依賴包，圖形界面安裝grid，oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)軟件，DBCA建庫(kù)。

5.1安裝依賴包，配好yum裝吧

yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 glibc ksh libaio libgcc libstdc++ make compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel libaio-devel libstdc++-devel sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel

5.2圖形界面grid用戶運(yùn)行 ./runInstaller

installation type 選高級(jí).

添加rac2，配置雙節(jié)點(diǎn)grid用戶互信

注意選擇路徑，把剛才三個(gè)ocr磁盤選上

最后安裝檢查會(huì)報(bào)asm磁盤警告，檢查兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都可以訪問(wèn)asm磁盤后直接忽略下一步.

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/asm-sda bs=1024 count=1

5.3安裝完成運(yùn)行root腳本，先在第一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上執(zhí)行，然后其他節(jié)點(diǎn)順序執(zhí)行，不能同時(shí)執(zhí)行

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

 /u01/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

5.4驗(yàn)證集群

[root@rac1]# /oracle/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host       

------------------------------------------------------------

ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        

ora.asm        ora.asm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora.cvu        ora.cvu.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora.gsd        ora.gsd.type   OFFLINE   OFFLINE              

ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora.oc4j       ora.oc4j.type  ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora.ons        ora.ons.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora.rac1.gsd   application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE              

ora.rac1.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora.rac1.vip   ora....t1.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2       

ora.rac2.gsd   application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE              

ora.rac2.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2       

ora.rac2.vip   ora....t1.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2       

ora....ry.acfs ora....fs.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1       

ora.scan1.vip  ora....ip.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1

5.5圖形界面oracle用戶運(yùn)行 ./runInstaller

只安裝數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)軟件

添加rac2，設(shè)置oracle用戶互信

5.6一路下一步到安裝完成，同樣執(zhí)行root腳本

5.7DBCA建庫(kù)，圖形界面Oracle用戶執(zhí)行dbca

選rac數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

自定義，定制

選中兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)

使用ASM盤存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)

后面配置就看需求了，測(cè)試環(huán)境可以都試一試.

結(jié)束。