虛擬軟件vmare內(nèi)怎么安裝linux系統(tǒng)下的ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)的RAC環(huán)境

本篇內(nèi)容介紹了“虛擬軟件vmare內(nèi)怎么安裝linux系統(tǒng)下的ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)的RAC環(huán)境”的有關(guān)知識(shí)，在實(shí)際案例的操作過(guò)程中，不少人都會(huì)遇到這樣的困境，接下來(lái)就讓小編帶領(lǐng)大家學(xué)習(xí)一下如何處理這些情況吧！希望大家仔細(xì)閱讀，能夠?qū)W有所成！

/opt  //安裝包路徑 并且解壓grid壓縮包

1、安裝系統(tǒng)、配置雙網(wǎng)卡網(wǎng)絡(luò)、配置共享磁盤(pán)（以rac02為例）    

1.1 IP地址規(guī)劃

192.168.47.151 rac01

192.168.47.152 rac02

10.11.12.51 rac01priv

10.11.12.52 rac02priv

192.168.47.153 rac01vip

192.168.47.154 rac02vip

192.168.47.155 racscanip

1.2 設(shè)置共享盤(pán)(兩個(gè)虛擬機(jī)配置都需要更改設(shè)置)

1.2.1 添加獨(dú)立 永久磁盤(pán)--共享盤(pán)路徑：H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharedisk*

1.2.2 更改獨(dú)立虛擬機(jī)配置（vmdk中添加、修改以下信息）

一：

scsi1.present = "TRUE"scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskOCR.vmdk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskrDate01.vmdk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskrDate02.vmdk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskrFlash.vmdk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk"
disk.locking = "false"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

二：

scsi1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

scsi1:0.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:0.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\ocr1.vmdk"

scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:0.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:1.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\ocr2.vmdk"

scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\ocr3.vmdk"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\data.vmdk"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\fra.vmdk"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk"

floppy0.present = "FALSE"

disk.locking = "false"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

三：

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

scsi1:0.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk"

disk.locking = "false"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

2、配置OS    

2.1 關(guān)閉防火墻、selinux

[root@rac02 ~]# chkconfig iptables off

[root@rac02 ~]# service iptables status

[root@rac02 ~]# service iptables stop

[root@rac02 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config              

 SELINUX=disabled    

2.2 修改host文件

[root@rac02 ~]# vi /etc/hosts

172.19.15.142 racd01

172.19.15.141 racd02

10.10.11.10 racd01priv

10.10.11.22 racd02priv

172.19.15.143 racd01vip

172.19.15.144 racd02vip

172.19.15.145 racdscanip    

2.3 配置yum源         

 2.3.1 配置本地yum源

[root@rac02 ~]#yum clean all

[root@rac02 ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrommount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/

[root@rac02 ~]#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[local]

name=local

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom

gpgcheck=0enabled=1         

2.3.2 配置163yum源

[root@rac02 ~]#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/163.repo

[163]

name=163

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/

gpgcheck=0enabled=1

#yum repolist    

2.4 安裝rpm包

[root@rac02 ~]#vi  yum.sh

yum install  compat-lib* 

yum install  binutils-2* 

yum install  gcc* 

yum install  glibc-2* 

yum install  glibc-devel-2* 

yum install  ksh 

yum install  libgcc-4*

 yum install  libstdc++-4*

 yum install  libstdc++-d*

 yum install libaio-0* 

yum install  libaio-d* 

yum install  sysstat-9*

yum install  make-3*

yum install binutils-2*

yum install libc*    

2.5 修改內(nèi)核配置文件

[root@rac02 ~]#vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1054472192

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

[root@rac02 ~]##sysctl -p   //立即生效。    

 2.6 修改用戶限制

[root@rac02 ~] #vi /etc/security/limits.conf

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536    

 2.7配置Oracle軟件安裝組、用戶、環(huán)境變量、安裝目錄         

 2.7.1 #創(chuàng)建組

groupadd -g 1300 dbagroupadd -g 1301 opergroupadd -g 1000 oinstallgroupadd -g 1200 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1201 asmdbagroupadd -g 1202 asmoper            

   #用戶

useradd -m -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -s /bin/bash grid

useradd -m -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -s /bin/bash oracle         

2.7.2#配置目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid

chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/chown -R grid:oinstall /u01

2.7.3#用戶環(huán)境變量修改home下的 .bash_profile(Oracle_sid需要根據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)不同進(jìn)行修改)    

ORACLE用戶

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMPexport ORACLE_SID=orc1  # rac01

export ORACLE_SID=orc2  # rac02

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orc

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

$ source .bash_profile   //使配置文件生效    

GRID用戶

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1  # rac01

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2  # rac02

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

umask 022

$ source .bash_profile   //使配置文件生效    

2.8.配置grid及oracle用戶ssh互信         

 方法一：

#cd /software/grid/sshsetup

#./sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts "rac01 rac02" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase

#./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "rac01 rac02" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase       

方法二：              

 1)在節(jié)點(diǎn) 1 上：                    

 [root@rac01 ~]$ su - grid                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ cd /home/grid/                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$  mkdir~/.ssh                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ chmod   700 ~/.ssh                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa              

 2)在節(jié)點(diǎn)2上：                   

[root@rac02 ~]$ su - grid                   

[grid@rac02 ~]$ cd /home/grid/                    

[grid@rac02 ~]$ mkdir  ~/.ssh                    

[grid@rac02 ~]$ chmod   700 ~/.ssh                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa            

3) 僅在一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)操作，以rac01為例：                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ cd ~/.ssh                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd01 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd02 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd01 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd02 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$pwd                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$scp authorized_keys racd02:`pwd`              

 4)每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)均操作                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys               

5）在要運(yùn)行oui的接單以grid用戶運(yùn)行，以racd01為例：                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$exec /usr/bin/ssh-agent $SHELL                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ssh-add             

 6）檢查互信                   

$ ssh rac01 date                   

$ ssh rac02 date                   

$ ssh rac01priv date                   

$ ssh rac02priv date    

2.9 配置裸設(shè)備[root@rac01 ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb         

 n   p   1    +2G         

 n   p   2     w 

[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="17", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="33", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdd1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="49", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sde1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="65", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdf1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="81", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %M %m"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="raw*",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="660"

[root@rac01 ~]#start_udev    //無(wú)法正確安裝時(shí)，使用下列兩個(gè)語(yǔ)句    

 // #raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1      

// #raw /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdb2

[root@rac01 ~]#raw -qa  =等價(jià)于= ls -lrt /dev/raw

[root@rac01 ~]#ll /dev/raw

[root@rac01 ~]#partprobe

3、安裝grid

[root@rac01 /]#xhost +

[root@rac01 /]# su - grid

[grid@rac01 ~]$ export

[grid@rac01 ~]$ cd /software/grid/

[grid@rac01 grid]$ ./runInstaller         

運(yùn)行roo.sh報(bào)錯(cuò)，可使用如下命令

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force         

查看安裝日志

[root@rac01 /]# cat /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-03-27_04-25-47PM.log         

檢查crs狀態(tài)

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl check crs         

檢查Clusterware資源

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t         

 檢查集群節(jié)點(diǎn)

[grid@rac01 ~]$ olsnodes -n         

檢查兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上的Oracle TNS監(jiān)聽(tīng)器進(jìn)程

[grid@rac01 ~]$ ps -ef|grep lsnr|grep -v 'grep'|grep -v 'ocfs'|awk '{print$9}'         

 確認(rèn)當(dāng)前正在運(yùn)行已安裝的Oracle ASM:

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl status asm -a        ./runcluvfy.sh stage -post hwos -n rac01,rac02 -verbose         

 安裝asm [grid@rac01 ~]$ asmca

4、安裝oracle

[root@rac01 ~]#xhost +

[root@rac01 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ cd /software/database

[oracle@rac01 database]$ ./runInstaller    

5、檢查安裝后的配置            

檢查集群運(yùn)行狀態(tài)

[grid@rac01 ~]$srvctl status database -d orc           

檢查本地節(jié)點(diǎn)crs狀態(tài)

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl check crs          

 檢查集群crs狀態(tài)

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl check cluster           

檢查集群節(jié)點(diǎn)

[grid@rac01 ~]$ olsnodes -n -i -s -t          

檢查集群間的表決磁盤(pán)信息

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl query css votedisk          

 檢查集群scan ip

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl config scan            

檢查scan 監(jiān)聽(tīng)       

[grid@rac01 ~]$  srvctl config scan_listener

6、啟、停集群數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)入grid用戶 

整個(gè)集群的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟停

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d orcl

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl start database -d orcl

進(jìn)入root用戶 只關(guān)閉了當(dāng)前結(jié)點(diǎn)

[root@rac01 bin]# pwd/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin

[root@rac01 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs

7、em

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ emctl status dbconsole

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ emctl start dbconsole

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ emctl stop dbconsole                                                                                                           

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