Oracle靜默安裝(單機）

linux下靜默安裝oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫各參數(shù)選項作用說明

https://www.imzcy.cn/1631.html

說明： 1. 操作系統(tǒng)版本為 Redhat6.7 ， IP ： 192.168.56.20 ，主機名： slient 。

    2. 數(shù)據(jù)庫版本為 11.2.0.4 ；

一：檢查

1.內(nèi)存（至少1G）

grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

2.SWAP分區(qū)

   內(nèi)存在 2G 以下 ， SWAP 分區(qū)就設(shè)置為內(nèi)存的 1.5 倍

   內(nèi)存在 2G 至 8G 之間， SWAP 就設(shè)置為內(nèi)存大小

   內(nèi)存在 8G 以上， SWAP 就設(shè)置為內(nèi)存大小的 0.75 倍。

   查看 SWAP 分區(qū)情況：

grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

3.TMP空間

   要求至少 400M

   查看 TMP 空間

  df -k /tmp

4.查看系統(tǒng)補丁包

rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pdksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel make sysstat

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.43.el6.x86_64

package compat-libcap1 is not installed

package compat-libstdc++-33 is not installed

package gcc is not installed

package gcc-c++ is not installed

glibc-2.12-1.166.el6.x86_64

glibc-devel-2.12-1.166.el6.x86_64

package pdksh is not installed

libgcc-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64

libstdc++-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64

package libstdc++-devel is not installed

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

package libaio-devel is not installed

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64

注： pdksh沒有安裝，可以忽略。安裝了ksh。

掛在光盤，安裝未安裝的包，如下：

[root@slient ~]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3        35G  2.9G   31G   9% /

tmpfs           940M   76K  940M   1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1       477M   41M  411M   9% /boot

/dev/sr0        3.6G  3.6G     0 100% /media/RHEL-6.7 Server.x86_64

[root@slient ~]#

[root@slient ~]# cd /mnt

[root@slient mnt]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt

mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

-- 配置 yum 源：

vi yum.repo

[base]

name=base

baseurl=file:/// mnt /Server   

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[HighAvailability]

name=HighAvailability

baseurl=file:/// mnt /HighAvailability

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[ResilientStorage]

name=ResilientStorage

baseurl=file:/// mnt /ResilientStorage

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[LoadBalancer]

name=LoadBalancer

baseurl=file:/// mnt /LoadBalancer

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

—安裝未安裝的包：

yum install -y compat-libcap1*

yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33*

yum install -y gcc*

yum install -y libstdc++-devel*

yum install -y libaio-devel*

5. 確認防火墻和 selinux已關(guān)閉

----- 查看 selinux 狀態(tài)： sestatus

關(guān)閉 SELinux 的方法：

　　修改 /etc/selinux/config 文件中的 SELINUX="" 為 disabled ，然后重啟。

　　如果不想重啟系統(tǒng)，使用命令 setenforce 0

------ 查看 iptables 狀態(tài)： service iptables status

關(guān)閉防火墻

     1) 重啟后永久性生效：

　　開啟： chkconfig iptables on

　　關(guān)閉： chkconfig iptables off

　　 2) 即時生效，重啟后失效：

　　開啟： service iptables start

　　關(guān)閉： service iptables stop

6. 增加相關(guān)用戶及組

 groupadd oinstall

 groupadd dba

 useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

 passwd oracle

7. 修改配置文件  

/etc/security/limits.conf 文件，添加如下：

Vi /etc/security/limits.conf

2047 oracle               hard     nproc    

1024 oracle               hard     nofile   

10240   's/^#.*$//g'

sed -i  *.rsp INSTALL_DB_SWONLY<1span style="font-family:" color:#0000ff;"="">

ORACLE_HOSTNAME= slient

UNIX_GROUP_NAME= oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION= /u01/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES= en

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

ORACLE_BASE= /u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition =EE

oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP= DBA

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=

oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=

oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=

oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet= AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption= true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas= false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings= true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES= true

PROXY_HOST=

PROXY_PORT=

PROXY_USER=

PROXY_PWD=

PROXY_REALM=

COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

6. 靜默安裝軟件 ：

[oracle@slient database]$ pwd

/home/oracle/slient/database

[oracle@slient database]$ ls

install  readme.html  response  rpm  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html

[oracle@slient database]$ ./runInstaller  -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /home/oracle/slient/database/response/db_install.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 25659 MB    Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 4095 MB    Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM. Please wait ...[oracle@slient database]$ [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.

    CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM/installActions2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log

   ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM/installActions2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.

You can find the log of this install session at:

 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log

[oracle@slient database]$  more The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.

Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log' for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

        1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

        2. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

[root@slient ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the scrip t is complete.

[root@slient ~]#

[root@slient ~]#  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_slient_2017-07-13_04-24-08.log for the output of root script

[root@slient ~]# cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_slient_2017-07-13_04-25-03.log

Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

Finished product-specific root actions.

[root@slient ~]#

7. 靜默安裝監(jiān)聽

-- 編輯監(jiān)聽靜默文件：

[oracle@slient response]$ cat netca.rsp

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2"

CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"

[oracle.net.ca]

INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}

INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""

LISTENER_NUMBER=1

LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}

LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}

LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""

NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}

NSN_NUMBER=1

NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}

NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}

NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}

[oracle@slient response]$

[oracle@slient response]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/slient/database/response/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:

    Parameter "silent" = true

    Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/slient/database/response/netca.rsp

Done parsing command line arguments.

Oracle Net Services Configuration:

Profile configuration complete.

Oracle Net Listener Startup:

    Running Listener Control:

      /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

    Listener Control complete.

    Listener started successfully.

Listener configuration complete.

Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

[oracle@slient response]$

8. 靜默 dbca建庫

[oracle@slient response]$ more dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

[CREATEDATABASE]

GDBNAME = "test"

SID = "test

TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

[createTemplateFromDB]

SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"

[createCloneTemplate]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"

[DELETEDATABASE]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

[generateScripts]

TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"

GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"

[CONFIGUREDATABASE]

[ADDINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"

NODELIST=

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

[DELETEINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"

INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

[oracle@slient response]$

上面就可以成功建庫，但絕大多數(shù)情況 [CREATEDATABASE] 下還需要指定一些其他參數(shù)， 因為默認的可能不符合實際要求，尤其是你創(chuàng)建的數(shù)據(jù)庫字符集必須要按你的設(shè)計需求顯示指定： 加入如下部分（ em, 可以不加 ）

characterSet = "ZHS16GBK"

memoryPercentage = "60"

emConfiguration = "LOCAL"

sysPassword = "oracle"

systemPassword = "oracle"

dbsnmpPassword = "oracle"

sysmanPassword = "oracle"

[oracle@slient response]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/slient/database/response/dbca.rsp

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/test/test.log" for further details.

[oracle@slient response]$

注意：如果已經(jīng)在響應(yīng)文件中配置 sys和system密碼，上面就不會提示你輸入密碼了。

完成！