DATAPUMP如何導出時使用exclude排除表

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一、問題描述

       有個小小需求，要從生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)庫上導數(shù)據(jù)到測試庫，問題是有張大表（30G）不需要導出到測試環(huán)境，所以要使用到expdp中’exclude’參數(shù)。但是在使用過程中還是碰到一點點question。

二、操作過程

1.根據(jù)expdp -help 信息中得知exclude參數(shù)的for example如下：

EXCLUDE                                

Exclude specific object types.         

For example, EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='HR'”.     

當然 = 也可以替換成 in ( ) 或 like ‘%..%’這種方式，如：exclude=index:”like ‘emp%’" ，也可以只給object types，如: exclude=VIEW,PACKAGE, FUNCTION

官方文檔給出的Syntax是

EXCLUDE=object_type[:name_clause] [, …]

按照上面的例子，我推斷出exclude參數(shù)針對表的使用

exclude=table:”=‘table name’”

2.執(zhí)行語句報錯，此處說明語法有問題，最終查詢到原來是由于沒有加轉(zhuǎn)義符。

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ expdp cloan/xxxx DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp log=cloan_20170713.log  exclude=table:"='WSCT_DATA'" compression=all

LRM-00116: syntax error at 'table:' following '='

3.修改，增加轉(zhuǎn)義符后執(zhí)行成功

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ expdp cloan/xxxx DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp log=cloan_20170713.log  EXCLUDE=TABLE:\"= \'WSCT_DATA\'\" compression=all

Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Jul 13 10:17:50 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Legacy Mode Active due to the following parameters:

Legacy Mode Parameter: "log=cloan_20170713.log" Location: Command Line, Replaced with: "logfile=cloan_20170713.log"

Legacy Mode has set reuse_dumpfiles=true parameter.

Starting "CLOAN"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02":  cloan/******** DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp logfile=cloan_20170713.log EXCLUDE=TABLE:"= 'WSCT_DATA'" compression=all reuse_dumpfiles=true

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

… … 

Dump file set for CLOAN.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 is:

  /backup/cloan_20170713.dmp

Job "CLOAN"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully completed at Thu Jul 13 10:19:18 2017 elapsed 0 00:01:27

4.導入到測試環(huán)境成功

[oracle@testdb backup]$  impdp cloancp/xxxx DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp remap_schema=cloan:cloancp remap_tablespace=cloan:newcloan;

Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Jul 13 10:45:30 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "CLOANCP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "CLOANCP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  cloancp/******** DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp remap_schema=cloan:cloancp remap_tablespace=cloan:newcloan

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

…...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TRIGGER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Job "CLOANCP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 4 error(s) at Thu Jul 13 10:46:34 2017 elapsed 0 00:01:04

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