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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關(guān)如何解決使用udev管理asmdisk執(zhí)行/sbin/scsi_id不顯示UUID的問題的內(nèi)容。小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家做個參考，一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
在搭建RAC的時候，使用udev方式來創(chuàng)建ASM磁盤，執(zhí)行/sbin/scsi_id命令不知道啥原因,死活獲取不到UUID,執(zhí)行結(jié)果啥也不顯示。
[root@seiang2 ~]# scsi_id -u -g
/dev/sdb
沒有uuid貌似沒法配置udev rules文件，通過查閱相關(guān)資料，通過如下兩種方式實現(xiàn)的,通過udevinfo（6版本操作系統(tǒng)udevadm取代了udevinfo）命令獲取分區(qū)的信息,可以利用分區(qū)中的這2項信息SYSFS{start}=="63"和SYSFS{size}=="16771797"（6版本變?yōu)锳TTR{start}=="4241160"和ATTR{size}=="2120580"）來代替uuid唯一標(biāo)識這個設(shè)備；
實驗環(huán)境：
操作系統(tǒng)：Redhat5.5 Hostname：seiang2.comsys.com
操作系統(tǒng)：Redhat6.4 Hostname：test.comsys.com
目錄
一、使用udevinfo/udevadm獲取分區(qū)的唯一標(biāo)識
二、使用裸設(shè)備創(chuàng)建asm磁盤
關(guān)于Linux下的udev詳細(xì)介紹：http://blog.itpub.net/31015730/viewspace-2142429/
一、使用udevinfo/udevadm獲取分區(qū)的唯一標(biāo)識
新增加一塊磁盤，并對它進(jìn)行分區(qū)，分區(qū)之后通過udevinfo/udevadm命令來獲取分區(qū)的唯一標(biāo)識；
Redhat5版本
[root@seiang2 ~]# ll /sbin/udev*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 15176 May 5 2009 /sbin/udevcontrol
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 61864 May 5 2009 /sbin/udevd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 899928 May 5 2009 /sbin/udevd.static
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 23680 May 5 2009 /sbin/udevsettle
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 24144 May 5 2009 /sbin/udevtrigger
[root@seiang2 ~]# cd /sys/block/sdb
[root@seiang2 ~]# udevinfo -a -p /sys/block/sdb
Udevinfo starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/block/sdb':
KERNEL=="sdb"
SUBSYSTEM=="block"
SYSFS{stat}==" 63 93 1248 19 0 0 0 0 0 19 19"
SYSFS{size}=="10485760"
SYSFS{removable}=="0"
SYSFS{range}=="16"
SYSFS{dev}=="8:16"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0':
ID=="1:0:0:0"
BUS=="scsi"
DRIVER=="sd"
SYSFS{dh_state}=="detached"
SYSFS{ioerr_cnt}=="0x0"
SYSFS{iodone_cnt}=="0x51"
SYSFS{iorequest_cnt}=="0x51"
SYSFS{iocounterbits}=="32"
SYSFS{timeout}=="60"
SYSFS{state}=="running"
SYSFS{rev}=="1.0 "
SYSFS{model}=="VBOX HARDDISK "
SYSFS{vendor}=="ATA "
SYSFS{scsi_level}=="6"
SYSFS{type}=="0"
SYSFS{queue_type}=="simple"
SYSFS{queue_depth}=="31"
SYSFS{device_blocked}=="0"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1/target1:0:0':
ID=="target1:0:0"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1':
ID=="host1"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0':
ID=="0000:00:0d.0"
BUS=="pci"
DRIVER=="ahci"
SYSFS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
SYSFS{enable}=="1"
SYSFS{modalias}=="pci:v00008086d00002829sv00000000sd00000000bc01sc06i01"
SYSFS{local_cpus}=="00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000"
SYSFS{irq}=="177"
SYSFS{class}=="0x010601"
SYSFS{subsystem_device}=="0x0000"
SYSFS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x0000"
SYSFS{device}=="0x2829"
SYSFS{vendor}=="0x8086"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
ID=="pci0000:00"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
[root@seiang2 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-652, default 652): +1G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (124-652, default 124):
Using default value 124
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (124-652, default 652): +1G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (126-652, default 126):
Using default value 126
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (126-652, default 652): +1G
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 124 125 16065 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 126 248 987997+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@seiang2 ~]# ll /dev/sdb*
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 16 Jul 20 02:57 /dev/sdb
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 17 Jul 20 02:57 /dev/sdb1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 18 Jul 20 02:57 /dev/sdb2
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 19 Jul 20 02:57 /dev/sdb3
使用udevinfo命令查看詳細(xì)的分區(qū)信息
[root@seiang2 ~]# udevinfo -a -p /sys/block/sdb/sdb1
Udevinfo starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/block/sdb/sdb1':
KERNEL=="sdb1"
SUBSYSTEM=="block"
SYSFS{stat}==" 31 67 392 19 0 0 0 0 0 17 19"
SYSFS{size}=="1975932"
SYSFS{start}=="63"
SYSFS{dev}=="8:17"
looking at parent device '/block/sdb':
ID=="sdb"
BUS=="block"
DRIVER==""
SYSFS{stat}==" 196 575 3152 94 1 0 8 2 0 71 96"
SYSFS{size}=="10485760"
SYSFS{removable}=="0"
SYSFS{range}=="16"
SYSFS{dev}=="8:16"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0':
ID=="1:0:0:0"
BUS=="scsi"
DRIVER=="sd"
SYSFS{dh_state}=="detached"
SYSFS{ioerr_cnt}=="0x0"
SYSFS{iodone_cnt}=="0xe1"
SYSFS{iorequest_cnt}=="0xe1"
SYSFS{iocounterbits}=="32"
SYSFS{timeout}=="60"
SYSFS{state}=="running"
SYSFS{rev}=="1.0 "
SYSFS{model}=="VBOX HARDDISK "
SYSFS{vendor}=="ATA "
SYSFS{scsi_level}=="6"
SYSFS{type}=="0"
SYSFS{queue_type}=="simple"
SYSFS{queue_depth}=="31"
SYSFS{device_blocked}=="0"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1/target1:0:0':
ID=="target1:0:0"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1':
ID=="host1"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0':
ID=="0000:00:0d.0"
BUS=="pci"
DRIVER=="ahci"
SYSFS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
SYSFS{enable}=="1"
SYSFS{modalias}=="pci:v00008086d00002829sv00000000sd00000000bc01sc06i01"
SYSFS{local_cpus}=="00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000"
SYSFS{irq}=="177"
SYSFS{class}=="0x010601"
SYSFS{subsystem_device}=="0x0000"
SYSFS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x0000"
SYSFS{device}=="0x2829"
SYSFS{vendor}=="0x8086"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
ID=="pci0000:00"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# udevinfo -a -p /sys/block/sdb/sdb3/
Udevinfo starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/block/sdb/sdb3':
KERNEL=="sdb3"
SUBSYSTEM=="block"
SYSFS{stat}==" 27 355 382 31 0 0 0 0 0 31 31"
SYSFS{size}=="1975995"
SYSFS{start}=="2008125"
SYSFS{dev}=="8:19"
looking at parent device '/block/sdb':
ID=="sdb"
BUS=="block"
DRIVER==""
SYSFS{stat}==" 395 1754 5700 383 2 0 16 8 0 242 391"
SYSFS{size}=="10485760"
SYSFS{removable}=="0"
SYSFS{range}=="16"
SYSFS{dev}=="8:16"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0':
ID=="1:0:0:0"
BUS=="scsi"
DRIVER=="sd"
SYSFS{dh_state}=="detached"
SYSFS{ioerr_cnt}=="0x0"
SYSFS{iodone_cnt}=="0x1b3"
SYSFS{iorequest_cnt}=="0x1b3"
SYSFS{iocounterbits}=="32"
SYSFS{timeout}=="60"
SYSFS{state}=="running"
SYSFS{rev}=="1.0 "
SYSFS{model}=="VBOX HARDDISK "
SYSFS{vendor}=="ATA "
SYSFS{scsi_level}=="6"
SYSFS{type}=="0"
SYSFS{queue_type}=="simple"
SYSFS{queue_depth}=="31"
SYSFS{device_blocked}=="0"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1/target1:0:0':
ID=="target1:0:0"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host1':
ID=="host1"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0':
ID=="0000:00:0d.0"
BUS=="pci"
DRIVER=="ahci"
SYSFS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
SYSFS{enable}=="1"
SYSFS{modalias}=="pci:v00008086d00002829sv00000000sd00000000bc01sc06i01"
SYSFS{local_cpus}=="00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000"
SYSFS{irq}=="177"
SYSFS{class}=="0x010601"
SYSFS{subsystem_device}=="0x0000"
SYSFS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x0000"
SYSFS{device}=="0x2829"
SYSFS{vendor}=="0x8086"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
ID=="pci0000:00"
BUS==""
DRIVER==""
編輯udev的rule文件
[root@seiang2 ~]# cd /etc/udev/rules.d/
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# vim 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="sdb1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", SYSFS{size}=="1975932", SYSFS{start}=="63", OWNER="grid",NAME="asmdisk-data1", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sdb3", SUBSYSTEM=="block", SYSFS{size}=="1975995", SYSFS{start}=="2008125", OWNER="grid",NAME="asmdisk-data2", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
編輯rule文件之后可以使用udevtest測試udev對設(shè)備的管理,命名,鏈接以及權(quán)限的設(shè)置情況
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# udevtest /block/sdb
main: looking at device '/block/sdb' from subsystem 'block'
run_program: '/lib/udev/usb_id -x'
run_program: '/lib/udev/usb_id' returned with status 1
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -x -s /block/sdb -d /dev/.tmp-8-16'
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id' (stdout) 'ID_VENDOR=ATA'
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id' (stdout) 'ID_MODEL=VBOX_HARDDISK'
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id' (stdout) 'ID_REVISION=1.0'
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id' (stdout) 'ID_SERIAL=SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBda65d90d-e2055c6a'
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id' (stdout) 'ID_TYPE=disk'
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id' (stdout) 'ID_BUS=scsi'
run_program: '/lib/udev/scsi_id' returned with status 0
udev_rules_get_name: add symlink 'disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBda65d90d-e2055c6a'
run_program: '/lib/udev/path_id /block/sdb'
run_program: '/lib/udev/path_id' (stdout) 'ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:0d.0-scsi-1:0:0:0'
run_program: '/lib/udev/path_id' returned with status 0
udev_rules_get_name: add symlink 'disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:0d.0-scsi-1:0:0:0'
run_program: '/lib/udev/vol_id --export /dev/.tmp-8-16'
run_program: '/lib/udev/vol_id' returned with status 4
run_program: '/lib/udev/edd_id --export /dev/.tmp-8-16'
run_program: '/lib/udev/edd_id' (stderr) 'no kernel EDD support'
run_program: '/lib/udev/edd_id' returned with status 2
udev_rules_get_name: no node name set, will use kernel name 'sdb'
udev_device_event: device '/block/sdb' already in database, validate currently present symlinks
udev_node_add: creating device node '/dev/sdb', major = '8', minor = '16', mode = '0640', uid = '0', gid = '6'
udev_node_add: creating symlink '/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBda65d90d-e2055c6a' to '../../sdb'
udev_node_add: creating symlink '/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:0d.0-scsi-1:0:0:0' to '../../sdb'
main: run: 'socket:/org/kernel/udev/monitor'
main: run: '/lib/udev/udev_run_devd'
main: run: 'socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event'
main: run: '/sbin/pam_console_apply /dev/sdb /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBda65d90d-e2055c6a /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:0d.0-scsi-1:0:0:0'
重新啟動udev,在啟動之前首先使用命令udevcontrol重新裝載rules（此步驟可以省略）
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# udevcontrol reload_rules
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# ll /dev/asm*
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 Jul 20 03:09 /dev/asmdisk-data1
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 19 Jul 20 03:09 /dev/asmdisk-data2
[root@seiang2 rules.d]#
Redhat6版本
[root@test rules.d]# udevadm info -a -p /sys/block/sdb/sdb2
Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb2':
KERNEL=="sdb2"
SUBSYSTEM=="block"
DRIVER==""
ATTR{partition}=="2"
ATTR{start}=="2120580"
ATTR{size}=="2120580"
ATTR{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTR{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTR{stat}==" 238 84 1288 247 0 0 0 0 0 232 247"
ATTR{inflight}==" 0 0"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sdb':
KERNELS=="sdb"
SUBSYSTEMS=="block"
DRIVERS==""
ATTRS{range}=="16"
ATTRS{ext_range}=="256"
ATTRS{removable}=="0"
ATTRS{ro}=="0"
ATTRS{size}=="10485760"
ATTRS{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTRS{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTRS{capability}=="52"
ATTRS{stat}==" 2082 4734 15818 2580 640 98980 99628 48250 0 2549 50830"
ATTRS{inflight}==" 0 0"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0':
KERNELS=="3:0:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS=="sd"
ATTRS{device_blocked}=="0"
ATTRS{type}=="0"
ATTRS{scsi_level}=="6"
ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA "
ATTRS{model}=="VBOX HARDDISK "
ATTRS{rev}=="1.0 "
ATTRS{state}=="running"
ATTRS{timeout}=="30"
ATTRS{iocounterbits}=="32"
ATTRS{iorequest_cnt}=="0xb10"
ATTRS{iodone_cnt}=="0xb0e"
ATTRS{ioerr_cnt}=="0xf"
ATTRS{modalias}=="scsi:t-0x00"
ATTRS{evt_media_change}=="0"
ATTRS{dh_state}=="detached"
ATTRS{queue_depth}=="31"
ATTRS{queue_ramp_up_period}=="120000"
ATTRS{queue_type}=="simple"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0':
KERNELS=="target3:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3':
KERNELS=="host3"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0':
KERNELS=="0000:00:0d.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
DRIVERS=="ahci"
ATTRS{vendor}=="0x8086"
ATTRS{device}=="0x2829"
ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x0000"
ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x0000"
ATTRS{class}=="0x010601"
ATTRS{irq}=="21"
ATTRS{local_cpus}=="1"
ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0"
ATTRS{modalias}=="pci:v00008086d00002829sv00000000sd00000000bc01sc06i01"
ATTRS{numa_node}=="-1"
ATTRS{enable}=="1"
ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
ATTRS{msi_bus}==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
KERNELS=="pci0000:00"
SUBSYSTEMS==""
DRIVERS==""
[root@test rules.d]# udevadm info -a -p /sys/block/sdb/sdb3
Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb3':
KERNEL=="sdb3"
SUBSYSTEM=="block"
DRIVER==""
ATTR{partition}=="3"
ATTR{start}=="4241160"
ATTR{size}=="2120580"
ATTR{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTR{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTR{stat}==" 200 122 1288 255 0 0 0 0 0 250 255"
ATTR{inflight}==" 0 0"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sdb':
KERNELS=="sdb"
SUBSYSTEMS=="block"
DRIVERS==""
ATTRS{range}=="16"
ATTRS{ext_range}=="256"
ATTRS{removable}=="0"
ATTRS{ro}=="0"
ATTRS{size}=="10485760"
ATTRS{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTRS{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTRS{capability}=="52"
ATTRS{stat}==" 2082 4734 15818 2580 640 98980 99628 48250 0 2549 50830"
ATTRS{inflight}==" 0 0"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0':
KERNELS=="3:0:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS=="sd"
ATTRS{device_blocked}=="0"
ATTRS{type}=="0"
ATTRS{scsi_level}=="6"
ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA "
ATTRS{model}=="VBOX HARDDISK "
ATTRS{rev}=="1.0 "
ATTRS{state}=="running"
ATTRS{timeout}=="30"
ATTRS{iocounterbits}=="32"
ATTRS{iorequest_cnt}=="0xb10"
ATTRS{iodone_cnt}=="0xb0e"
ATTRS{ioerr_cnt}=="0xf"
ATTRS{modalias}=="scsi:t-0x00"
ATTRS{evt_media_change}=="0"
ATTRS{dh_state}=="detached"
ATTRS{queue_depth}=="31"
ATTRS{queue_ramp_up_period}=="120000"
ATTRS{queue_type}=="simple"
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3/target3:0:0':
KERNELS=="target3:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host3':
KERNELS=="host3"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0':
KERNELS=="0000:00:0d.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
DRIVERS=="ahci"
ATTRS{vendor}=="0x8086"
ATTRS{device}=="0x2829"
ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x0000"
ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x0000"
ATTRS{class}=="0x010601"
ATTRS{irq}=="21"
ATTRS{local_cpus}=="1"
ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0"
ATTRS{modalias}=="pci:v00008086d00002829sv00000000sd00000000bc01sc06i01"
ATTRS{numa_node}=="-1"
ATTRS{enable}=="1"
ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
ATTRS{msi_bus}==""
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
KERNELS=="pci0000:00"
SUBSYSTEMS==""
DRIVERS==""
[root@test rules.d]# vim 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="sdb2", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ATTR{size}=="2120580", ATTR{start}=="2120580", OWNER="grid",NAME="asmdisk-data1", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sdb3", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ATTR{size}=="2120580", ATTR{start}=="4241160", OWNER="grid",NAME="asmdisk-data2", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
[root@test rules.d]# start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]
[root@test rules.d]# ll /dev/asm*
brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 18 Jul 20 15:57 /dev/asmdisk-data1
brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 19 Jul 20 15:57 /dev/asmdisk-data2
注意：從這里可以看到通過配置99-oracle-asmdevices.rules文件，創(chuàng)建出來的是塊類型的設(shè)備
可以對比觀察下面通過裸設(shè)備創(chuàng)建出來的設(shè)備類型
二、使用裸設(shè)備創(chuàng)建asm磁盤
新增加一塊磁盤，并對其進(jìn)行分區(qū)；
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (249-652, default 249):
Using default value 249
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (249-652, default 652):
Using default value 652
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (249-652, default 249):
Using default value 249
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (249-652, default 652): +1G
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (372-652, default 372):
Using default value 372
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (372-652, default 652): +1G
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1958 15623212+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 124 125 16065 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 126 248 987997+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 249 652 3245130 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 249 371 987966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 372 494 987966 83 Linux
配置裸設(shè)備映射，修改/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules文件
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# vim 60-raw.rules
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb5", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %M %m"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb6", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %M %m"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw5", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw6", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
重啟udev服務(wù)，并查詢raw
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# raw -qa
/dev/raw/raw5: bound to major 8, minor 1
/dev/raw/raw6: bound to major 8, minor 2
[root@seiang2 rules.d]# ll /dev/raw*
crw------- 1 root root 162, 0 Jul 20 02:53 /dev/rawctl
/dev/raw:
total 0
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162, 5 Jul 20 03:31 raw5
crw-rw---- 1 grid
asmadmin 162, 6 Jul 20 03:31 raw6
注意：從這里可以看到通過配置60-raw.rules文件，創(chuàng)建出來的是字符類型的設(shè)備
這樣配置之后，裸設(shè)備文件會自動映射到相應(yīng)的分區(qū)設(shè)備文件，并設(shè)置正確的用戶和組。
裸設(shè)備介紹 (來自http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1401193/)
裸設(shè)備：也叫裸分區(qū)（原始分區(qū)），是一種沒有經(jīng)過格式化，不被Unix/Linux通過文件系統(tǒng)來讀取的特殊字符設(shè)備。裸設(shè)備可以綁定一個分區(qū)，也可以綁定一個磁盤。
字符設(shè)備：對字符設(shè)備的讀寫不需要通過OS的buffer。它不可被文件系統(tǒng)mount。
塊設(shè)備：對塊設(shè)備的讀寫需要通過OS的buffer，它可以被mount到文件系統(tǒng)中。
這個與linux的版本相關(guān)，在舊版本中，最多只可以有256個裸設(shè)備，Linux 4下做多可以綁定81Array2個裸設(shè)備。但是在linux下，最多只能有255個分區(qū)，所以，如果用裸設(shè)備綁定分區(qū)，最多只能綁定255個裸設(shè)備。如果是用lvm，則沒有這個限制。
Linux下單個磁盤最多可以有15個分區(qū)。3個主分區(qū) + 1個擴展分區(qū) + 11個邏輯分區(qū)。
建議的分區(qū)方法是：先分3個主分區(qū)，第四個分區(qū)為擴展分區(qū)，然后在擴展分區(qū)中再分成11個邏輯分區(qū)。
注意:裸設(shè)備不要綁定在擴展分區(qū)上。 linux下如果需要使用裸設(shè)備，則需要手工進(jìn)行綁定，unix下則不用。
major和minor device number
在unix/linux系統(tǒng)中，一切都是文件。所有硬盤、鍵盤等設(shè)備都用文件來代表，對應(yīng)著/dev下面的文件。對于應(yīng)用程序來說，可以像對待普通文件一樣打開，關(guān)閉、讀寫這些設(shè)備文件。但是這種文件名，比如/dev/sda、/dev /raw/raw1都是用戶空間名稱，OS Kernel根本不知道這個名稱指的是什么。在內(nèi)核空間是通過major、minor device
number 來區(qū)分設(shè)備的。
major device number可以看作是設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序，被同一設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序管理的設(shè)備有相同的major device
number。這個數(shù)字實際是Kernel中device driver
table 的索引，這個表保存著不同設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序。而minor device
number用來代表被訪問的具體設(shè)備。也就是說Kernel根據(jù)major device
number 找到設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序，然后再從minor device
number 獲得設(shè)備位置等屬性。所有這些major device
number 是已經(jīng)預(yù)先分配好的。比如裸設(shè)備是162，scsi塊設(shè)備是8
Redhat平臺對raw設(shè)備的配置在redhat 5之后有了變化。在redhat 5之前，直接配置/etc/sysconfig/rawdevices件，通過/etc/init.d/rawdevices來管理raw設(shè)備的啟動和關(guān)閉。在Redhat 5之后，原來的raw設(shè)備接口已經(jīng)取消了，redhat 5中通過udev規(guī)則進(jìn)行配置。 要配置，需要編輯/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules這個文件。
cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
# ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda",
RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8",
ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
其中
ACTION=="add", KERNEL="", RUN+="raw /dev/raw/rawX
%N"
配置設(shè)備名稱，用你需要綁定的設(shè)備名稱替換 （如：/dev/sda1），X為裸設(shè)備號
主/次號碼：
ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}="A",
ENV{MINOR}="B", RUN+="raw /dev/raw/rawX %M %m"
"A" 和 "B" 是設(shè)備的主/次號碼，X是系統(tǒng)使用的raw設(shè)備號碼。
個人對redhat管理raw的過程理解為：在redhat 5中，是通過udev來管理raw設(shè)備的，而udev是通過 MAJOR和MINOR來識別 raw設(shè)備。故需要將設(shè)備號和裸設(shè)備號進(jìn)行綁定，而主設(shè)備號和次設(shè)備號可以自行指定或者由系統(tǒng)自動分配。 根據(jù)red hat的官方文檔中關(guān)于raw.rule的示例中說KERNEL==..或ENV{MAJOR}...只需要任意配置一個就可以，但有些網(wǎng)友經(jīng)過試驗，驗證必須二者同時配置才可以。
如果有多個raw設(shè)備，可以寫成：
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw[1-4]",
OWNER="dave", GROUP="tianlesoftware", MODE="0660"
注意：在內(nèi)核2.6.9-89.5AXS2之前使用/etc/sysconfig/rawdevices和/etc/udev/permissions.d/50-udev.permissions進(jìn)行raw設(shè)備的配置和權(quán)限管理。在內(nèi)核 2.6.18-128.7AXS3以后則使用了本文介紹的 /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules進(jìn)行raw設(shè)備的管理
使用裸設(shè)備作為Oracle的數(shù)據(jù)文件的注意事項
1、一個裸設(shè)備只能放置一個數(shù)據(jù)文件
2、數(shù)據(jù)文件的大小不能超過裸設(shè)備的大小
如果是日志文件，則裸設(shè)備最大可用大小=裸設(shè)備對應(yīng)分區(qū)大小 - 1 * 512 （保留一個redo lock）
如果是數(shù)據(jù)文件，則裸設(shè)備最大可用大小=裸設(shè)備對應(yīng)分區(qū)大小 - 2 *
db_block_size（保留兩個block）
為了簡單起見，對所有的文件設(shè)置稱比裸設(shè)備小1M即可。
3、數(shù)據(jù)文件最好不要設(shè)置稱自動擴展，如果設(shè)置稱自動擴展，一定要把maxsize設(shè)置設(shè)置為比裸設(shè)備小
4、linux下oracle不能直接把邏輯卷作為裸設(shè)備，也要進(jìn)行綁定。unix下就不需要。
感謝各位的閱讀！關(guān)于“如何解決使用udev管理asmdisk執(zhí)行/sbin/scsi_id不顯示UUID的問題”這篇文章就分享到這里了，希望以上內(nèi)容可以對大家有一定的幫助，讓大家可以學(xué)到更多知識，如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧！
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