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這篇文章主要介紹了Oracle DG從庫Rman如何實(shí)現(xiàn)備份恢復(fù)測試，具有一定借鑒價(jià)值，感興趣的朋友可以參考下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后大有收獲，下面讓小編帶著大家一起了解一下。
1.系統(tǒng)初始化和數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝
略
2.參數(shù)文件恢復(fù)
RMAN> startup nomount ;
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbs/inittest.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes
Fixed Size 2260088 bytes
Variable Size 301990792 bytes
Database Buffers 754974720 bytes
Redo Buffers 9711616 bytes
RMAN> restore spfile from '/U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3839';
Starting restore at 2017-03-10 15:14:11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1345 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3839
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 2017-03-10 15:14:12
SQL> shutdown immediate;
[oracle@DB_TEST dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@DB_TEST dbs]$ strings spfiletest.ora > inittest.ora
[oracle@DB_TEST dbs]$ mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/
[oracle@DB_TEST dbs]$ mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test/
[oracle@DB_TEST dbs]$ mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST/arch
[oracle@DB_TEST dbs]$ mv spfiletest.ora spfiletest.ora_bak
SQL> !mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/admin/test/adump
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2.0310E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2262008 bytes
Variable Size 3355446280 bytes
Database Buffers 1.6911E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 40865792 bytes
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2.0310E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2262008 bytes
Variable Size 3355446280 bytes
Database Buffers 1.6911E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 40865792 bytes
3. 控制文件恢復(fù)
通過備份恢復(fù)standby控制文件，然后創(chuàng)建新的控制文件做不完全恢復(fù)
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3838';
Starting restore at 2017-03-10 15:29:28
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=96 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl
output file name=/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 2017-03-10 15:29:29
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED
4.數(shù)據(jù)文件恢復(fù)
RMAN> catalog start with '/U01/tools/20170310';
searching for all files that match the pattern /U01/tools/20170310
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/arch_TEST_20170310_3835
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3836
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3839
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3837
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3838
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/arch_TEST_20170310_3835
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3836
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3839
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3837
File Name: /U01/tools/20170310/full_TEST_20170310_3838
RMAN> restore database;
恢復(fù)到指定的sequence
RMAN> recover database until sequence 5545;
Starting recover at 2017-03-10 15:34:27
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
Oracle Error:
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf'
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 2017-03-10 15:34:28
5.重建控制文件
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/U01/tools/20170310/control.trc';
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup nomount;
[oracle@DB_TEST 20170310]$ rm -rf /U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl
[oracle@DB_TEST 20170310]$ rm -rf /U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test/control02.ctl
SQL> @create_controlfile.sql
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED
重建控制文件：
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TEST" RESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 40
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_bjzdlzks_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_bjzdlzy4_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_bjzdm0c7_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_bjzdm0qj_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_bjzdm14j_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 6 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_6_bjzdm1js_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 7 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_bjzdm1wz_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 8 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_8_bjzdm29z_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 9 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_9_bjzdm2p8_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 10 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_10_bjzdm338_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 11 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_11_bjzdm3hk_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 12 '/U01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST02/onlinelog/o1_mf_12_bjzdm3vt_.log' SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512
,
DATAFILE
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/test_data01.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/test_index01.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/test_data02.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/test_data03.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/test_index02.dbf',
'/U01/app/oracle/oradata/test/test_index03.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
6.不完全恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫
select file#,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;
select checkpoint_change# from v$database;
查看隱藏參數(shù)值：_allow_resetlogs_corruption （整個(gè)調(diào)整的目標(biāo)是強(qiáng)制啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫，設(shè)置此參數(shù)之后，在數(shù)據(jù)庫Open過程中，Oracle會跳過某些一致性檢查，從而使數(shù)據(jù)庫可能跳過不一致狀態(tài)，Open打開）
col KSPPINM for a30;
col KSPPSTVL for a30;
col KSPPDESC for a30;
set line 200;
SELECT ksppinm, ksppstvl, ksppdesc
FROM x$ksppi x, x$ksppcv y
WHERE x.indx = y.indx AND ksppinm = '_allow_resetlogs_corruption';
SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=FALSE scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup ;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2.0310E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2262008 bytes
Variable Size 3355446280 bytes
Database Buffers 1.6911E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 40865792 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
至此數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)過程完成。
7.監(jiān)聽和tnsnames.ora配置文件恢復(fù)
Listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test00_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)
LISTENER1532 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1532))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER1532 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test00_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)
LISTENER1522 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER1522 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)
LISTENER1523 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1523))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER1523 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)
LISTENER1525 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1525))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER1525 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)
LISTENER1528 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1528))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER1528 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)
LISTENER1526 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1526))
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER1526 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)
SUBSCRIBE_FOR_NODE_DOWN_EVENT_LISTENER=OFF
tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
TEST01 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB_TEST)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
可通過lsnrctl start /lsnrctl start LISTENER1522/lsnrctl start LISTENER1523/lsnrctl start LISTENER1525啟動監(jiān)聽，可通過tnsping test01測試服務(wù)名連通性，可通過netstat –luntp查看啟動監(jiān)聽端口。
8. 數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證
SQL> alter session set current_schema=TEST;
SQL> select UPDATE_TIME from table_name where rownum<=10 order by UPDATE_TIME desc;
UPDATE_TIME
-------------------
2017-03-10 02:00:05
2017-03-10 01:59:48
2016-03-17 16:06:22
2016-03-17 14:43:47
2015-05-14 12:12:32
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