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【前言】測(cè)試環(huán)境中經(jīng)常需要多臺(tái)mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來進(jìn)行各種環(huán)境和場(chǎng)景的模擬,由于測(cè)試環(huán)境中的資源一般都是比較有限的,也就需要在一臺(tái)服務(wù)器上面搭建多個(gè)mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來完成測(cè)試的需求。本文檔介紹在Centos6.4的環(huán)境中安裝多個(gè)mysql 5.7數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的操作方法。
【1】mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)軟件的安裝
mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)軟件官方提供了三種的安裝文件和方法,如下:
RPM方式安裝
二進(jìn)制方式安裝
源碼編譯安裝
雖然源碼安裝的方式比較麻煩,但是個(gè)人還是習(xí)慣用源碼的方案安裝,mysql5.7的安裝跟早起5.5的安裝方式和步驟也幾乎一樣所以這里就不再說明了。
【2】創(chuàng)建多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
軟件的安裝完成其實(shí)都是一樣的,就是創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的時(shí)候有點(diǎn)不一樣。
2.1 進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)文件目錄的規(guī)劃,本環(huán)境安裝了5個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),在/data下面創(chuàng)建5個(gè)文件夾,并用端口號(hào)區(qū)分
點(diǎn)擊( 此處 )折疊或打開
[
root@db01 data
]
#
pwd
/data
[
root@db01 data
]
#
ll
drwxr
-
xr
-
x
.
6 mysql mysql 4096 7月 8 05
:
00 mysql3306
drwxr
-
xr
-
x
.
6 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21
:
46 mysql3307
drwxr
-
xr
-
x
.
7 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21
:
46 mysql3308
drwxr
-
xr
-
x
.
6 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21
:
46 mysql3309
drwxr - xr - x . 5 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21 : 46 mysql3310
2.2 進(jìn)行參數(shù)文件的配置
點(diǎn)擊( 此處 )折疊或打開
|
2.3 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),創(chuàng)建的過程中需要記錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的初始密碼
依次創(chuàng)建其他數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),記錄默認(rèn)的隨機(jī)密碼
點(diǎn)擊( 此處 )折疊或打開
|
mysql3308的安裝
|
mysql3309的安裝
[
root@db01 mysql3307
]
#
/usr/
local
/
mysql/bin/mysqld
-
-
initialize
-
-
datadir
=
/
data/mysql3309
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
33
:
32
.
801680Z 0
[
Warning
]
TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated
.
Please use
-
-
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server
option
(
see documentation
for
more details
)
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
33
:
35
.
102950Z 0
[
Warning
]
InnoDB
:
New log files created
,
LSN
=
45790
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
33
:
35
.
443411Z 0
[
Warning
]
InnoDB
:
Creating foreign key constraint system tables
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
33
:
35
.
557451Z 0
[
Warning
]
No existing UUID has been found
,
so we
assume
that
this
is the first time that
this
server has been started
.
Generating a new UUID
:
69acd736
-
6d58
-
11e7
-
a436
-
000c29a755d3
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
33
:
35
.
562713Z 0
[
Warning
]
Gtid table is
not
ready to be used
.
Table
'mysql.gtid_executed'
cannot be opened
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
33
:
35
.
607109Z 1
[
Note
]
A temporary password is generated
for
root@localhost
:
sDXL5hh71I
>
R
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)mysql3310
點(diǎn)擊(
此處
)折疊或打開
[
root@db01 mysql3307
]
#
/usr/
local
/
mysql/bin/mysqld
-
-
initialize
-
-
datadir
=
/
data/mysql3310
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
34
:
14
.
881243Z 0
[
Warning
]
TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated
.
Please use
-
-
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server
option
(
see documentation
for
more details
)
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
34
:
17
.
227399Z 0
[
Warning
]
InnoDB
:
New log files created
,
LSN
=
45790
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
34
:
17
.
744012Z 0
[
Warning
]
InnoDB
:
Creating foreign key constraint system tables
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
34
:
17
.
904000Z 0
[
Warning
]
No existing UUID has been found
,
so we
assume
that
this
is the first time that
this
server has been started
.
Generating a new UUID
:
82ea694b
-
6d58
-
11e7
-
a566
-
000c29a755d3
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
34
:
17
.
908498Z 0
[
Warning
]
Gtid table is
not
ready to be used
.
Table
'mysql.gtid_executed'
cannot be opened
.
2017
-
07
-
20T14
:
34
:
17
.
923365Z 1
[
Note
]
A temporary password is generated
for
root@localhost
:
Rq4
*
Teq#l
;
Ve
【3】 修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的初始密碼
先啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
[
root@db01 mysql3307
]
#
/usr/
local
/
mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start
修改默認(rèn)密碼
[
root@db01 mysql3307
]
#
mysqladmin
-
u root
-
p
-
P 3307
-
S /tmp/mysql
.
sock7 password
Enter
password
:
輸入默認(rèn)密碼
New password
:
Confirm new password
:
Warning : Since password will be sent to server in plain text , use ssl connection to ensure password safety .
登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
[root@db01 mysql3307]# mysql -P 3307 -S /tmp/mysql.sock7 -u root – p
用默認(rèn)的密碼登錄會(huì)有以下的提示信息:
點(diǎn)擊( 此處 )折疊或打開
mysql
>
show databases
;
ERROR 1820 ( HY000 ) : You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement .
【4】設(shè)置mysqld_multi stop的關(guān)閉權(quán)限
默認(rèn)的情況下,不能通過mysqld_multi關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),需要進(jìn)行額外的設(shè)置,步驟如下:
創(chuàng)建mysql關(guān)閉的用戶
[
root@db01 mysql3307
]
#
mysql
-
u root
-
p
-
P 3310
-
S /tmp/mysql
.
sock10
Enter
password
:
mysql
>
grant shutdown on
*
.
*
to
'mysql'
@
'localhost'
identified by
'mysql'
;
mysql
>
flush privileges
[
root@db01 mysql3307
]
#
cat /etc/my
.
cnf
[
mysqld_multi
]
mysqld
=
/usr/
local
/
mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
#basedir
=
/usr/
local
/
mysql
mysqladmin
=
/usr/
local
/
mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user
=
mysql
pass
=
mysql
點(diǎn)擊(
此處
)折疊或打開
設(shè)置參數(shù)文件的賬戶
點(diǎn)擊(
此處
)折疊或打開
通過以上的操作,便完成了在單臺(tái)服務(wù)器上面安裝多個(gè)mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的操作;
附加:常用的操作語(yǔ)句
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start #啟動(dòng)所有的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 7 #啟動(dòng)單臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop #關(guān)閉所有的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop 7 #關(guān)閉單臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
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