怎么用MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡

本篇內(nèi)容主要講解“怎么用MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡”，感興趣的朋友不妨來(lái)看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡(jiǎn)單快捷，實(shí)用性強(qiáng)。下面就讓小編來(lái)帶大家學(xué)習(xí)“怎么用MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡”吧!

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)環(huán)境：

slave2：192.168.8.59

slave3：192.168.8.61

工具包：

keepalived-1.4.5.tar.gz

haproxy-1.8.9.tar.gz

       此次實(shí)驗(yàn)中，slave2和slave3利用 keepalived和haproxy實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡，本文著重講解負(fù)載均衡的搭建過(guò)程。

一、修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)

echo "net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1 意思是啟動(dòng)haproxy的時(shí)候，允許忽視VIP的存在

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 haproxy代理服務(wù)器同時(shí)也要打開(kāi)內(nèi)核的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)功能

二、安裝keepalived和haproxy

mount /dev/cdrom /media
yum install kernel-devel openssl-devel popt-devel -y
cd /software
tar zxvf keepalived-1.4.5.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.4.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/
make && make install
systemctl enable keepalived

vi /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived

KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D -d -S 0"

vi /etc/rsyslog.conf

local0.* /var/log/keepalived.log

systemctl restart rsyslog

cd /software
tar zxvf haproxy-1.8.9.tar.gz
cd haproxy-1.8.9
make TARGET=linux2628 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -v
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin haproxy
touch /var/log/haproxy.log
chmod 755 /var/log/haproxy.log

修改日志位置

vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
local0.* /var/log/haproxy.log
vi /etc/sysconfig/rsyslog
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-r -m 0 -c 2"
systemctl restart rsyslog

三、配置keepalived

192.168.8.59

/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql-slave
notification_email {
zdd5503@163.com
}
notification_email_from zdd5503@163.com
smtp_server stmp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance v_mysql_slave_zdd01 {
interface enp0s3
state MASTER
virtual_router_id 98
priority 200
nopreempt
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.98/24
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
}

192.168.8.61

/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql-slave
notification_email {
zdd5503@163.com
}
notification_email_from zdd5503@163.com
smtp_server stmp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance v_mysql_slave_zdd01 {
interface enp0s3
state BACKUP
virtual_router_id 98
priority 150
nopreempt
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.98/24
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
}

四、配置haproxy

192.168.8.59和192.168.8.61都做如下腳本配置：

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived/scripts

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh

#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY="/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg"
#STOPKEEPALIVED="systemctl stop keepalived"
LOGFILE="/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log"
echo "[check_haproxy status]" >> $LOGFILE
A=`ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l`
echo "[check_haproxy status]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
echo $STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE
$STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 5
fi
if [ `ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
exit 0
else
exit 1
fi

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh

#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY=`/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg`
STOPHAPROXY=`ps -ef |grep sbin/haproxy| grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -s 9`
LOGFILE="/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log"
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "stop haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STOPHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "start haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "haproxy stared ..." >> $LOGFILE

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh

#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY=`/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg`
STOPHAPROXY=`ps -ef |grep sbin/haproxy| grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs
kill -s 9`
LOGFILE="/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log"
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "stop haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STOPHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "start haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "haproxy stared ..." >> $LOGFILE

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh

#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh

#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE

更改腳本屬性

chmod 755 /etc/keepalived/scripts/*

配置haproxy

192.168.8.59

vi /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global   #全局配置參數(shù)
		log 127.0.0.1 local0 notice #日志
		#user haproxy 
		#group haproxy
        daemon  #以后臺(tái)形式運(yùn)行haproxy
        #quiet
        nbproc 1  #  進(jìn)程數(shù)量，可以設(shè)置多個(gè)進(jìn)程提高性能
        pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.pid   #haproxy的pid存放路徑
  
		defaults   #一些默認(rèn)參數(shù)
		log global  #全局日志
		retries 3  # 3次連接失敗就認(rèn)為服務(wù)器不可用
		option dontlognull  # 保存haproxy不記錄上次負(fù)載均衡發(fā)送過(guò)來(lái)的用于檢測(cè)狀態(tài)沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)的心跳包
		option redispatch # 對(duì)應(yīng)的服務(wù)器掛掉后，強(qiáng)制指向到其它正常的服務(wù)器
		maxconn 2000  #默認(rèn)最大連接數(shù)
		timeout queue 1m # 等待最大時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout http-request 10s #客戶端建立連接又不請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候超過(guò)10S，就關(guān)閉客戶端連接
		timeout connect 10s # 定義haproxy將客戶端請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至后端服務(wù)器所等待的超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng) 
		timeout server 1m # 服務(wù)端非活動(dòng)狀態(tài)的超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout client 1m  # 客戶端非活動(dòng)狀態(tài)的超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout http-keep-alive 10s #   設(shè)置http-keep-alive超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout check 10s #健康狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)時(shí)的超時(shí)時(shí)間
		balance roundrobin #負(fù)載均衡方式，輪詢方式（保持會(huì)話session:源地址/cookies,針對(duì)web應(yīng)用服務(wù)器）
 
#定義負(fù)載均衡的配置       
listen mysql_slave_wgpt_lb1
        bind 192.168.8.98:3307 #綁定的IP與端口 (建議bind *:3306)
        mode tcp #模式是TCP，（7層http,4層tcp，如果是mysql用tcp，如果是weblogic/was/tomcat之類的就用http）
		option mysql-check user haproxy_check #通過(guò)mysql連接去檢測(cè)mysql是否可以訪問(wèn)
		stats hide-version #隱藏統(tǒng)計(jì)頁(yè)上的haproxy的版本信息
		balance roundrobin #負(fù)載均衡方式，輪詢方式
		server slave2 192.168.8.59:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
		server slave3 192.168.8.61:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
                #服務(wù)器定義,check inter 2000檢測(cè)心跳頻率，rise 2 2次正確認(rèn)為服務(wù)器可用，fall 5 5次失敗認(rèn)為服務(wù)器不可用，
                #maxconn 300 最大連接數(shù)300
#自帶的監(jiān)控服務(wù)器的配置
listen  haproxy_stats 
        mode http 
        bind *:8888 
        option httplog 
        stats refresh 5s      
        stats uri /haproxy-stat 
	stats realm www.zdd.com monitor
        stats realm Haproxy Manager 
        stats auth haproxy:haproxy

192.168.8.61

vi /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global   #全局配置參數(shù)
		log 127.0.0.1 local0 notice #日志
		#user haproxy 
		#group haproxy
        daemon  #以后臺(tái)形式運(yùn)行haproxy
        #quiet
        nbproc 1  #  進(jìn)程數(shù)量，可以設(shè)置多個(gè)進(jìn)程提高性能
        pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.pid   #haproxy的pid存放路徑
  
		defaults   #一些默認(rèn)參數(shù)
		log global  #全局日志
		retries 3  # 3次連接失敗就認(rèn)為服務(wù)器不可用
		option dontlognull  # 保存haproxy不記錄上次負(fù)載均衡發(fā)送過(guò)來(lái)的用于檢測(cè)狀態(tài)沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)的心跳包
		option redispatch # 對(duì)應(yīng)的服務(wù)器掛掉后，強(qiáng)制指向到其它正常的服務(wù)器
		maxconn 2000  #默認(rèn)最大連接數(shù)
		timeout queue 1m # 等待最大時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout http-request 10s #客戶端建立連接又不請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候超過(guò)10S，就關(guān)閉客戶端連接
		timeout connect 10s # 定義haproxy將客戶端請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至后端服務(wù)器所等待的超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng) 
		timeout server 1m # 服務(wù)端非活動(dòng)狀態(tài)的超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout client 1m  # 客戶端非活動(dòng)狀態(tài)的超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout http-keep-alive 10s #   設(shè)置http-keep-alive超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)
		timeout check 10s #健康狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)時(shí)的超時(shí)時(shí)間
		balance roundrobin #負(fù)載均衡方式，輪詢方式（保持會(huì)話session:源地址/cookies,針對(duì)web應(yīng)用服務(wù)器）
 
#定義負(fù)載均衡的配置       
listen mysql_slave_wgpt_lb1
        bind 192.168.8.98:3307 #綁定的IP與端口 (建議bind *:3306)
        mode tcp #模式是TCP，（7層http,4層tcp，如果是mysql用tcp，如果是weblogic/was/tomcat之類的就用http）
		option mysql-check user haproxy_check #通過(guò)mysql連接去檢測(cè)mysql是否可以訪問(wèn)
		stats hide-version #隱藏統(tǒng)計(jì)頁(yè)上的haproxy的版本信息
		balance roundrobin #負(fù)載均衡方式，輪詢方式
		server slave2 192.168.8.59:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
		server slave3 192.168.8.61:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
                #服務(wù)器定義,check inter 2000檢測(cè)心跳頻率，rise 2 2次正確認(rèn)為服務(wù)器可用，fall 5 5次失敗認(rèn)為服務(wù)器不可用，
                #maxconn 300 最大連接數(shù)300
#自帶的監(jiān)控服務(wù)器的配置
listen  haproxy_stats 
        mode http 
        bind *:8888 
        option httplog 
        stats refresh 5s      
        stats uri /haproxy-stat 
	stats realm www.zdd.com monitor
        stats realm Haproxy Manager 
        stats auth haproxy:haproxy

五、添加 haproxy_check 用戶

drop user haproxy_check@'%';
create user haproxy_check@'192.168.8.59';
create user haproxy_check@'192.168.8.61';
create user haproxy_check@'192.168.8.98';
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@'192.168.8.59';
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@'192.168.8.61';
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@'192.168.8.98';

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+--------------+
| user          | host         |
+---------------+--------------+
| repl          | 192.168.8.%  |
| root          | 192.168.8.%  |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.59 |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.61 |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.98 |
| mysql.session | localhost    |
| mysql.sys     | localhost    |
| root          | localhost    |
+---------------+--------------+

六、啟動(dòng) keepalived

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl start keepalived

ip a |grep 98
ps -ef |grep keepalived

七、配置keepalived監(jiān)控腳本

兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都做如下配置：

vi /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh

#!/bin/bash
while :
do
keepalivedcheck=`ps -C keepalived --no-header | wc -l`
if [ $keepalivedcheck -eq 0 ];then
systemctl start keepalived
else
echo "keepalived is running"
fi
sleep 5
done

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh
nohup /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh &
echo "nohup /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh &" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local

八、配置haproxy 啟動(dòng)腳本

 vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy

#! /bin/sh
set -e
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/haproxy/sbin
PROGDIR=/usr/local/haproxy
PROGNAME=haproxy
DAEMON=$PROGDIR/sbin/$PROGNAME
CONFIG=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.cfg
PIDFILE=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.pid
DESC="HAProxy daemon"
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$PROGNAME
# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
start()
{
echo -n "Starting $DESC: $PROGNAME"
$DAEMON -f $CONFIG
echo "."
}
stop()
{
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $PROGNAME"
haproxy_pid=`cat $PIDFILE`
kill -9 $haproxy_pid
echo "."
}
restart()
{
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $PROGNAME"
$DAEMON -f $CONFIG -p $PIDFILE -sf $(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "."
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
echo "nohup /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy start &" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local

systemctl stop keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy start
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy stop
tail -f /var/log/haproxy.log

haproxy控制臺(tái)訪問(wèn)地址：

http://192.168.8.98:8888/haproxy-stat

九、測(cè)試負(fù)載均衡

[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 59    |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 61    |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 59    |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 61    |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 59    |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 61    |
+---------------+-------+

因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)趆aproxy配置文件中配置了權(quán)重為1：1，所以會(huì)話將交替分發(fā)到兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上邊。

到此，相信大家對(duì)“怎么用MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡”有了更深的了解，不妨來(lái)實(shí)際操作一番吧！這里是億速云網(wǎng)站，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容可以進(jìn)入相關(guān)頻道進(jìn)行查詢，關(guān)注我們，繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)！