數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中不同版本exp/imp使用注意事項(xiàng)有哪些

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  使用不同版本的exp/imp
        無(wú)論在什么時(shí)候，在不同版本的oracle 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中遷移數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，都必須要遵守如下的基本規(guī)則

1.        1.  imp工具的版本必須和目標(biāo)庫(kù)的版本相同。例如，使用版本為9.2.0.7的imp工具導(dǎo)入到版本為9.2.0.8的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中，會(huì)遇到錯(cuò)誤。

2.        2. exp工具的版本必須與源庫(kù)或者目標(biāo)庫(kù)中版本較低的相同。

         例如，從低版本的源庫(kù)exp導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)，imp導(dǎo)入到高本版目標(biāo)庫(kù)，那么exp的版本必須要和源庫(kù)相同。同理，
                    從高版本的源庫(kù)exp導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)，imp導(dǎo)入到低版本目標(biāo)庫(kù)，那么exp的版本必須和目標(biāo)庫(kù)相同。
    
    使用不同版本的exp/imp的約束     

1.     1. exp工具導(dǎo)出的dmp文件，只能用imp工具導(dǎo)入。也就是說(shuō)exp/imp配對(duì)使用，expdp/impdp配對(duì)使用 。exp導(dǎo)出的dmp文件無(wú)法用impdp導(dǎo)入。

2.     2. 任何exp導(dǎo)出的文件，都可以imp到高版本的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中。也就是說(shuō)，exp/imp向下兼容。

3.     3. 低版本的imp工具無(wú)法讀取高版本的exp導(dǎo)出的文件。例如9.2 exp導(dǎo)出的dmp文件無(wú)法用9.0.1版本的imp工具導(dǎo)入。

4.     4. whenever a lower version of the Export utility runs with a later release of the Oracle database, categories of database objects that did not exist in the earlier release are excluded from the export.

 
    不同版本exp/imp遷移數(shù)據(jù)參照表  ，參見(jiàn)文章末尾處 表21-5

  
Using Different Releases of Export and Import

This section describes compatibility issues that relate to using different releases of Export and the Oracle database.

Whenever you are moving data between different releases of the Oracle database, the following basic rules apply:

• The Import utility and the database to which data is being imported (the target database) must be the same release. For example, if you try to use the Import utility 9.2.0.7 to import into a 9.2.0.8 database, then you may encounter errors.

• The version of the Export utility must be equal to the release of either the source or target database, whichever is earlier.

  For example, to create an export file for an import into a later release database, use a version of the Export utility that equals the source database. Conversely, to create an export file for an import into an earlier release database, use a version of the Export utility that equals the release of the target database.

• In general, you can use the Export utility from any Oracle8 release to export from an Oracle9i server and create an Oracle8 export file.

Restrictions When Using Different Releases of Export and Import

The following restrictions apply when you are using different releases of Export and Import:

• Export dump files can be read only by the Import utility because they are stored in a special binary format.

• Any export dump file can be imported into a later release of the Oracle database.

• The Import utility cannot read export dump files created by the Export utility of a later maintenance release. For example, a release 9.2 export dump file cannot be imported by a release 9.0.1 Import utility.

• Whenever a lower version of the Export utility runs with a later release of the Oracle database, categories of database objects that did not exist in the earlier release are excluded from the export.

• Export files generated by Oracle9i Export, either direct path or conventional path, are incompatible with earlier releases of Import and can be imported only with Oracle9i Import. When backward compatibility is an issue, use the earlier release or version of the Export utility against the Oracle9idatabase.

Examples of Using Different Releases of Export and Import

Table 21-5 shows some examples of which Export and Import releases to use when moving data between different releases of the Oracle database.

Table 21-5 Using Different Releases of Export and Import

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