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本文主要講述了:
1.關(guān)于undo表空間share和local的看法
2.修改undo為local undo的方法
3.修改PDB$SEED屬性的方法
4.關(guān)于local undo轉(zhuǎn)為share undo
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)從12.2版本開始,實(shí)現(xiàn)了undo表空間在cdb和pdb層面的隔離;并且local undo也是一些新特征性的基礎(chǔ),比如pdb refresh和pdb閃回。12.1版本還無法實(shí)現(xiàn)。不過這種資源的隔離是不可避免的發(fā)展方向。undo在實(shí)現(xiàn)隔離之后,下一步redo的隔離也是有可能的。
cdb是local undo模式的時(shí)候,open的cdb和pdb都會(huì)有屬于自己的undo表空間。當(dāng)從一個(gè)share undo的cdb中拔插一個(gè)pdb到local undo模式的cdb中的時(shí)候,在這個(gè)pdb open的時(shí)候,會(huì)為這個(gè)pdb自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建undo表空間。
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)版本
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> select banner from v$version where rownum=1;
BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production |
查詢當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)undo信息
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> col PROPERTY_NAME for a25 SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> col PROPERTY_VALUE for a30 SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> select PROPERTY_NAME,PROPERTY_VALUE from database_properties where property_name='LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED';
PROPERTY_NAME PROPERTY_VALUE ------------------------- ------------------------------ LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED FALSE
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> set line 200 SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> col FILE_NAME for a50 SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> select a.con_id,a.tablespace_name,b.file_name from cdb_tablespaces a,CDB_DATA_FILES b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME and a.con_id=b.con_id and a.CONTENTS='UNDO';
CON_ID TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME ---------- ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- 1 UNDOTBS1 /oradata/cdb/CDBTEST1/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_f7nz 8sl3_.dbf
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可以看到當(dāng)前undo還是共享的,只在cdb中存在一個(gè)undo表空間。
大致步驟
1.關(guān)閉cdb實(shí)例 2.打開pdb到upgrade模式,startup upgrade 3.在CDB$ROOT中執(zhí)行:ALTER DATABASE LOCAL UNDO ON; 4.關(guān)閉cdb實(shí)例,然后重啟 |
下面是操作過程:
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> startup upgrade ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2214592512 bytes Fixed Size 8795040 bytes Variable Size 1845496928 bytes Database Buffers 352321536 bytes Redo Buffers 7979008 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> sho pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED MIGRATE YES 3 CLONEMING MOUNTED 4 MING MOUNTED SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> alter database local undo on;
Database altered.
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> startup ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2214592512 bytes Fixed Size 8795040 bytes Variable Size 1845496928 bytes Database Buffers 352321536 bytes Redo Buffers 7979008 bytes Database mounted. Database opened.
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> col PROPERTY_NAME for a25 SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> col PROPERTY_VALUE for a30 SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> select PROPERTY_NAME,PROPERTY_VALUE from database_properties where property_name='LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED';
PROPERTY_NAME PROPERTY_VALUE ------------------------- ------------------------------ LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED TRUE SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> select a.con_id,a.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.bytes/1024/1024 M from cdb_tablespaces a,CDB_DATA_FILES b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME and a.con_id=b.con_id and a.CONTENTS='UNDO';
CON_ID TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME M ---------- ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- ---------- 1 UNDOTBS1 /oradata/cdb/CDBTEST1/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_f7nz 835 8sl3_.dbf
3 UNDO_1 /oradata/cdb/CDBTEST1/64B070B959B22CC9E053023DA8C0 300 935F/datafile/o1_mf_undo_1_fxv9cmnl_.dbf
4 UNDO_1 /oradata/cdb/CDBTEST1/64AE1A20BB9C1B5FE053023DA8C0 300 6963/datafile/o1_mf_undo_1_fxv9cvrd_.dbf
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最開始的時(shí)候就提過了,當(dāng)從一個(gè)share undo的cdb中拔插一個(gè)pdb到local undo模式的cdb中的時(shí)候,在這個(gè)pdb open的時(shí)候,會(huì)為這個(gè)pdb自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建undo表空間。這里有兩個(gè)pdb是自動(dòng)開啟的,所以為這兩個(gè)pdb自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建了undo表空間。300M的大小是跟隨PDB$SEED中pdb的大小。如果想控制創(chuàng)建的undo表空間的配置,比如大小,可以在pdb$seed中修改undo表空間。
方法如下:
1. cdb$root中執(zhí)行:
alter session set "_oracle_script"=true; --修改隱含參數(shù),就可以避免ORA-65017: seed pluggable database may not be dropped or altered ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE PDB$SEED OPEN READ WRITE FORCE ; CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ WRITE NO
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2. 切換到種子pdb
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=PDB$SEED; |
3. 修改undo表空間
alter database datafile '/oradata/cdb/CDBTEST1/6498843CCFAD2D1FE053023DA8C0AC32/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_f7nz8x0z_.dbf' resize 300m; |
之前是210M,修改成300M。
4. 再將PDB$SEED修改回只讀模式
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> alter session set "_oracle_script"=true;
Session altered.
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> alter pluggable database "pdb$seed" close immediate;
Pluggable database altered.
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> sho pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED MOUNTED 3 CLONEMING READ WRITE NO 4 MING READ WRITE NO SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> alter pluggable database "pdb$seed" open read only;
Pluggable database altered.
SYS@cdbtest1(CDB$ROOT)> sho pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 CLONEMING READ WRITE NO 4 MING READ WRITE NO
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以上是oracle如何將共享undo變?yōu)閘ocal undo的方法。local undo轉(zhuǎn)為共享undo不符合發(fā)展潮流,方法大同小異,無非是之前命令改動(dòng)成alter database local undo off,詳細(xì)過程就不介紹了。但要注意的是當(dāng)oracle變成共享undo模式的時(shí)候,它會(huì)忽略之前l(fā)ocal模式時(shí)創(chuàng)建的本地udno表空間,oracle建議直接刪除這些local undo tablespace。
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