通過(guò) kubectl 連接 公有云Kubernetes 集群

? ? kubectl是Kubernetes集群的命令行工具，通過(guò)kubectl能夠?qū)罕旧磉M(jìn)行管理，并能夠在集群上進(jìn)行容器化應(yīng)用的安裝部署，不僅可以部署master、node節(jié)點(diǎn)，還可以部署到其他機(jī)器上管理Kubernetes。

官方文檔：https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#install-kubectl-on-macos

一、軟件安裝

1、使用二機(jī)制包在macOS安裝

1、下載軟件（最新版本）
curl?-LO?https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl?-s??

2、賦予執(zhí)行權(quán)限
chmod?+x?./kubectl
3、將其拷貝到已經(jīng)添加到環(huán)境變量的某個(gè)目錄中?方便后期執(zhí)行
sudo?mv?./kubectl?/usr/local/bin/kubectl
4、執(zhí)行命令測(cè)試
kubectl?version
Client?Version:?version.Info{Major:"1",?Minor:"16",?GitVersion:"v1.16.0",?GitCommit:"2bd9643cee5b3b3a5ecbd3af49d09018f0773c77",?GitTreeState:"clean",?BuildDate:"2019-09-18T14:36:53Z",?GoVersion:"go1.12.9",?Compiler:"gc",?Platform:"darwin/amd64"}
Server?Version:?version.Info{Major:"1",?Minor:"14+",?GitVersion:"v1.14.6-aliyun.1",?GitCommit:"a4182a8",?GitTreeState:"",?BuildDate:"2019-08-27T06:03:13Z",?GoVersion:"go1.12.9",?Compiler:"gc",?Platform:"linux/amd64"}

2、使用二進(jìn)制包在CentOS 7.x上面安裝

1、下載軟件

curl?-LO?https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl?-s??
指定版本
curl?-LO?https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.13.5/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl?
如果您要下載最新版本的安裝包，使用如下命令即可：?僅需將v1.13.5替換為$(curl?-s?https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)即可

2、賦予執(zhí)行權(quán)限
chmod?+x?./kubectl
3、將其拷貝到已經(jīng)添加到環(huán)境變量的某個(gè)目錄中?方便后期執(zhí)行
sudo?mv?./kubectl?/usr/local/bin/kubectl
4、測(cè)試
[root@izuf6beunt2a2ki2nqvphuz?~]#?kubectl??version
Client?Version:?version.Info{Major:"1",?Minor:"16",?GitVersion:"v1.16.0",?GitCommit:"2bd9643cee5b3b3a5ecbd3af49d09018f0773c77",?GitTreeState:"clean",?BuildDate:"2019-09-18T14:36:53Z",?GoVersion:"go1.12.9",?Compiler:"gc",?Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server?Version:?version.Info{Major:"1",?Minor:"14+",?GitVersion:"v1.14.6-aliyun.1",?GitCommit:"a4182a8",?GitTreeState:"",?BuildDate:"2019-08-27T06:03:13Z",?GoVersion:"go1.12.9",?Compiler:"gc",?Platform:"linux/amd64"}

二、配置其能夠訪問(wèn)Kubernetes

? ?在阿里云上面創(chuàng)建好Kubernetes集群后，在集群管理里面基本信息的下面部分可以看到通過(guò) kubectl 連接 Kubernetes 集群?(通過(guò) CloudShell 管理集群)的相關(guān)指導(dǎo)文檔，根據(jù)其文檔配置就好了，分為內(nèi)網(wǎng)和外網(wǎng)情況，在阿里云和node節(jié)點(diǎn)同一VPC的機(jī)器可以視為內(nèi)網(wǎng)，而訪問(wèn)SLB（為Kubernetes集群提供負(fù)載均衡的）外網(wǎng)IP視為外網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，阿里云很貼心的給出了2份配置文件。

?在第一步里面CentOS 7.X 配置的為內(nèi)網(wǎng)，使用內(nèi)網(wǎng)相關(guān)的配置文件

在該機(jī)器的root賬戶家目錄/.kube/config文件并將相關(guān)的配置復(fù)制到里面，

apiVersion:?v1
clusters:
-?cluster:
????server:?https://10.101.175.223:6443
????certificate-authority-data:?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
??name:?kubernetes
contexts:
-?context:
????cluster:?kubernetes
????user:?"kubernetes-admin"
??name:?kubernetes-admin-cfd09da28dcfb4ad8856a5e57ab43f221
current-context:?kubernetes-admin-cfd09da28dcfb4ad8856a5e57ab43f221
kind:?Config
preferences:?{}
users:
-?name:?"kubernetes-admin"
??user:
????client-certificate-data:?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
????client-key-data:?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

執(zhí)行相關(guān)命令驗(yàn)證

[root@izuf6beunt2a2ki2nqvphuz?~]#?kubectl??get??nodes
NAME?????????????????????????STATUS???ROLES????AGE???VERSION
cn-shanghai.10.101.175.227???Ready????<none>???33h???v1.14.6-aliyun.1
[root@izuf6beunt2a2ki2nqvphuz?~]#?kubectl??get??pods
NAME????????????????????????READY???STATUS????RESTARTS???AGE
dashbord-7fbdc69845-fx76j???1/1?????Running???0??????????26h
mysql-0?????????????????????1/1?????Running???0??????????24h
mysql-1?????????????????????0/1?????Pending???0??????????24h
redis-0?????????????????????1/1?????Running???0??????????24h
[root@izuf6beunt2a2ki2nqvphuz?~]#?kubectl??get??namespaces
NAME??????????????STATUS???AGE
ahas??????????????Active???27h
catalog???????????Active???24h
default???????????Active???33h
kube-node-lease???Active???33h
kube-public???????Active???33h
kube-system???????Active???33h
nginx-web?????????Active???32h

在MAC上配置阿里云外網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)是直接vi??$HOME/.kube/config 保存時(shí)會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，可以選擇先創(chuàng)建?$HOME/.kube/目錄，然后填寫(xiě)配置文件就不會(huì)再報(bào)錯(cuò)，下面是配置后的驗(yàn)證過(guò)程，

kubectl??get?pods
NAME????????????????????????READY???STATUS????RESTARTS???AGE
dashbord-7fbdc69845-fx76j???1/1?????Running???0??????????27h
mysql-0?????????????????????1/1?????Running???0??????????25h
mysql-1?????????????????????0/1?????Pending???0??????????24h
redis-0?????????????????????1/1?????Running???0??????????25h

kubectl??get??namespaces
NAME??????????????STATUS???AGE
ahas??????????????Active???27h
catalog???????????Active???24h
default???????????Active???33h
kube-node-lease???Active???33h
kube-public???????Active???33h
kube-system???????Active???33h
nginx-web?????????Active???32h

很明顯的發(fā)現(xiàn)外網(wǎng)的執(zhí)行要比內(nèi)網(wǎng)要慢很多，這個(gè)主要取決于公網(wǎng)的帶寬和網(wǎng)絡(luò)質(zhì)量，kubectl相關(guān)的命令可以參考官方文檔和公有云產(chǎn)品文檔

官方文檔：https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/kubectl/

阿里云?https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/93080.html?spm=a2c4g.11174283.6.964.3b972ceeYhCcoS

華為云:https://support.huaweicloud.com/usermanual-cce/cce_01_0023.html

Ucloud公有云：https://docs.ucloud.cn/compute/uk8s/manageviakubectl/intro_of_kubectl