您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!
本篇文章給大家分享的是有關(guān)Python爬蟲(chóng)庫(kù)urllib2怎么用,小編覺(jué)得挺實(shí)用的,因此分享給大家學(xué)習(xí),希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲,話不多說(shuō),跟著小編一起來(lái)看看吧。
所謂網(wǎng)頁(yè)抓取,就是把URL地址中指定的網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源從網(wǎng)絡(luò)流中讀取出來(lái),保存到本地。 在Python中有很多庫(kù)可以用來(lái)抓取網(wǎng)頁(yè),先學(xué)習(xí)urllib2。
urllib2模塊直接導(dǎo)入就可以用,在python3中urllib2被改為urllib.request
使用urllib2,試了下用代理登陸拉取cookie,跳轉(zhuǎn)抓圖片......
URLLIB2文檔:http://docs.python.org/library/urllib2.html
直接上demo代碼:包括:直接拉取,使用Reuqest(post/get),使用代理,cookie,跳轉(zhuǎn)處理
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # urllib2_test.py import urllib,urllib2,cookielib,socket url = "http://www.testurl....." #change yourself #最簡(jiǎn)單方式 def use_urllib2(): try: f = urllib2.urlopen(url, timeout=5).read() except urllib2.URLError, e: print e.reason print len(f) #使用Request def get_request(): #可以設(shè)置超時(shí) socket.setdefaulttimeout(5) #可以加入?yún)?shù) [無(wú)參數(shù),使用get,以下這種方式,使用post] params = {"wd":"a","b":"2"} #可以加入請(qǐng)求頭信息,以便識(shí)別 i_headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9.1) Gecko/20090624 Firefox/3.5", "Accept": "text/plain"} #use post,have some params post to server,if not support ,will throw exception #req = urllib2.Request(url, data=urllib.urlencode(params), headers=i_headers) req = urllib2.Request(url, headers=i_headers) #創(chuàng)建request后,還可以進(jìn)行其他添加,若是key重復(fù),后者生效 #request.add_header('Accept','application/json') #可以指定提交方式 #request.get_method = lambda: 'PUT' try: page = urllib2.urlopen(req) print len(page.read()) #like get #url_params = urllib.urlencode({"a":"1", "b":"2"}) #final_url = url + "?" + url_params #print final_url #data = urllib2.urlopen(final_url).read() #print "Method:get ", len(data) except urllib2.HTTPError, e: print "Error Code:", e.code except urllib2.URLError, e: print "Error Reason:", e.reason def use_proxy(): enable_proxy = False proxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http":"http://proxyurlXXXX.com:8080"}) null_proxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({}) if enable_proxy: opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_handler, urllib2.HTTPHandler) else: opener = urllib2.build_opener(null_proxy_handler, urllib2.HTTPHandler) #此句設(shè)置urllib2的全局opener urllib2.install_opener(opener) content = urllib2.urlopen(url).read() print "proxy len:",len(content) class NoExceptionCookieProcesser(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor): def http_error_403(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs): return fp def http_error_400(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs): return fp def http_error_500(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs): return fp def hand_cookie(): cookie = cookielib.CookieJar() #cookie_handler = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie) #after add error exception handler cookie_handler = NoExceptionCookieProcesser(cookie) opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookie_handler, urllib2.HTTPHandler) url_login = "https://www.yourwebsite/?login" params = {"username":"user","password":"111111"} opener.open(url_login, urllib.urlencode(params)) for item in cookie: print item.name,item.value #urllib2.install_opener(opener) #content = urllib2.urlopen(url).read() #print len(content) #得到重定向 N 次以后最后頁(yè)面URL def get_request_direct(): import httplib httplib.HTTPConnection.debuglevel = 1 request = urllib2.Request("http://www.google.com") request.add_header("Accept", "text/html,*/*") request.add_header("Connection", "Keep-Alive") opener = urllib2.build_opener() f = opener.open(request) print f.url print f.headers.dict print len(f.read()) if __name__ == "__main__": use_urllib2() get_request() get_request_direct() use_proxy() hand_cookie()
以上就是Python爬蟲(chóng)庫(kù)urllib2怎么用,小編相信有部分知識(shí)點(diǎn)可能是我們?nèi)粘9ぷ鲿?huì)見(jiàn)到或用到的。希望你能通過(guò)這篇文章學(xué)到更多知識(shí)。更多詳情敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道。
免責(zé)聲明:本站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創(chuàng)、轉(zhuǎn)載和分享為主,文章觀點(diǎn)不代表本網(wǎng)站立場(chǎng),如果涉及侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系站長(zhǎng)郵箱:is@yisu.com進(jìn)行舉報(bào),并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),一經(jīng)查實(shí),將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。