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小編給大家分享一下postgresql連接python的方法,相信大部分人都還不怎么了解,因此分享這邊文章給大家學(xué)習(xí),希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大所收獲,下面讓我們一起去學(xué)習(xí)方法吧!
PostgreSQL可以使用psycopg2模塊與Python集成。sycopg2是用于Python編程語言的PostgreSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫適配器。psycopg2是非常小,快速,穩(wěn)定的。您不需要單獨(dú)安裝此模塊,因為默認(rèn)情況下它會隨著Python 2.5.x版本一起發(fā)布。如果還沒有在您的機(jī)器上安裝它,那么可以使用yum命令安裝它,如下所示:
$yum install python-psycopg2
要使用psycopg2模塊,必須首先創(chuàng)建一個表示數(shù)據(jù)庫的Connection對象,然后可以選擇創(chuàng)建可以幫助您執(zhí)行所有SQL語句的游標(biāo)對象。
連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫
以下Python代碼顯示了如何連接到現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)庫。 如果數(shù)據(jù)庫不存在,那么它將自動創(chuàng)建,最后將返回一個數(shù)據(jù)庫對象。
#!/usr/bin/python import psycopg2 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="testdb", user="postgres", password="pass123", host="127.0.0.1", port="5432") print "Opened database successfully"
在這里指定使用testdb作為數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱,如果數(shù)據(jù)庫已成功打開連接,則會提供以下消息:
Open database successfully
創(chuàng)建表
以下Python程序?qū)⒂糜谠谙惹皠?chuàng)建的數(shù)據(jù)庫(testdb)中創(chuàng)建一個表:
#!/usr/bin/python import psycopg2 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="testdb", user="postgres", password="pass123", host="127.0.0.1", port="5432") print "Opened database successfully" cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute('''CREATE TABLE COMPANY (ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, NAME TEXT NOT NULL, AGE INT NOT NULL, ADDRESS CHAR(50), SALARY REAL);''') print "Table created successfully" conn.commit() conn.close()
當(dāng)執(zhí)行上述程序時,它將在數(shù)據(jù)庫testdb中創(chuàng)建COMPANY表,并顯示以下消息:
Opened database successfully Table created successfully
插入操作
以下Python程序顯示了如何在上述示例中創(chuàng)建的COMPANY表中創(chuàng)建記錄:
#!/usr/bin/python import psycopg2 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="testdb", user="postgres", password="pass123", host="127.0.0.1", port="5432") print "Opened database successfully" cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \ VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 )"); cur.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \ VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 )"); cur.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \ VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 )"); cur.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \ VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 )"); conn.commit() print "Records created successfully"; conn.close()
當(dāng)執(zhí)行上述程序時,它將在COMPANY表中創(chuàng)建/插入給定的記錄,并顯示以下兩行:
Opened database successfully Records created successfully
SELECT操作
以下Python程序顯示了如何從上述示例中創(chuàng)建的COMPANY表中獲取和顯示記錄:
#!/usr/bin/python import psycopg2 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="testdb", user="postgres", password="pass123", host="127.0.0.1", port="5432") print "Opened database successfully" cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute("SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY") rows = cur.fetchall() for row in rows: print "ID = ", row[0] print "NAME = ", row[1] print "ADDRESS = ", row[2] print "SALARY = ", row[3], "\n" print "Operation done successfully"; conn.close()
執(zhí)行上述程序時,會產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果:
Opened database successfully ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = Texas SALARY = 15000.0 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000.0 Operation done successfully
更新操作
以下Python代碼顯示了如何使用UPDATE語句來更新任何記錄,然后從COMPANY表中獲取并顯示更新的記錄:
#!/usr/bin/python import psycopg2 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="testdb", user="postgres", password="pass123", host="127.0.0.1", port="5432") print "Opened database successfully" cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute("UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1") conn.commit print "Total number of rows updated :", cur.rowcount cur.execute("SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY") rows = cur.fetchall() for row in rows: print "ID = ", row[0] print "NAME = ", row[1] print "ADDRESS = ", row[2] print "SALARY = ", row[3], "\n" print "Operation done successfully"; conn.close()
執(zhí)行上述程序時,會產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果:
Opened database successfully Total number of rows updated : 1 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY = 25000.0 ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = Texas SALARY = 15000.0 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000.0 Operation done successfully
刪除操作
以下Python代碼顯示了如何使用DELETE語句來刪除記錄,然后從COMPANY表中獲取并顯示剩余的記錄:
#!/usr/bin/python import psycopg2 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="testdb", user="postgres", password="pass123", host="127.0.0.1", port="5432") print "Opened database successfully" cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute("DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;") conn.commit print "Total number of rows deleted :", cur.rowcount cur.execute("SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY") rows = cur.fetchall() for row in rows: print "ID = ", row[0] print "NAME = ", row[1] print "ADDRESS = ", row[2] print "SALARY = ", row[3], "\n" print "Operation done successfully"; conn.close()
執(zhí)行上述程序時,會產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果:
Opened database successfully Total number of rows deleted : 1 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000.0 Operation done successfully
以上是postgresql連接python的方法的所有內(nèi)容,感謝各位的閱讀!相信大家都有了一定的了解,希望分享的內(nèi)容對大家有所幫助,如果還想學(xué)習(xí)更多知識,歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道!
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