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小編給大家分享一下用Python制作一個重力四子棋小游戲，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大所收獲，下面讓我們一起去探討方法吧！
新手學習Python，寫第一個Python小游戲——四連環(huán)（重力四子棋）
游戲規(guī)則如下：
棋盤為8*6
玩家輸入列號與電腦下四子棋，棋會隨著重力下降
勝利方式是一行/一列/左右斜線連四顆棋子
分析：
拆分成了這幾個部分，用自定義函數(shù)封裝，便于修改：
·初始化
·棋盤顯示
·玩家輸入
·游戲運行
·判斷勝利
引用庫：random
第一部分：初始化
def init():
global board#棋盤，二維列表
global rest_num#每一列剩余棋子數(shù)，一維整型列表
global a#先手判定，整型
global reminded_line#未被填滿列的記錄，一維整型列表
global symbol0#執(zhí)棋方記錄1，字典
global symbol1#執(zhí)棋方記錄2，字典
symbol1 = {
"O": "玩家",
"X": "電腦"
}
symbol0 = {
"X": "玩家",
"O": "電腦"
}
a = random.randint(0,2)
reminded_line = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
board = [["-"] * 8 for i in range(6)]
rest_num = [6 for i in range(8)]
show(board)這里初始化定義了一些之后用得到的變量
第二部分：棋盤顯示
def show(board): for i in range(6): for j in range(8): print(board[i][j],end=" ") print()
用索引下標的方式遍歷棋盤并打印
第三部分：玩家輸入
def playerInput(rest_num):
while True:
inp = int(input()) - 1#注意：列表起始于list[0]
if inp in range(0,8):#符合8列
if rest_num[inp] > 0:#該列有空余
return inp
else:
print("輸入錯誤")
else:
print("輸入錯誤")輸入用While True循環(huán)，直到輸入正確
要判定輸入的列號是否在1-8列內(nèi)，且該列有空余！
第四部分：運行
先后手問題在主函數(shù)內(nèi)用 if 判斷初始化內(nèi)全局變量a來執(zhí)行不同順序
四子棋的前三個回合不會分出勝負，因此拆分成前三個回合和剩余回合
這里可以算多此一舉吧，前三次只是少了判斷勝負
用 round3_0、round4_0 和 round3_1、round4_1 區(qū)分
游戲運行使用for次數(shù)循環(huán)，勝利提前結(jié)束即可
def round3_0():
round_cout = 0#回合計數(shù)
for i in range(3):
round_cout += 1#回合+1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n電腦")#常規(guī)的面板繪制
#電腦下棋的列號
#這里用從列表隨機是為了不會出現(xiàn)該列已滿無法下棋的情況
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
#電腦下棋的行號，記得要-1
#因為重力下落，這里行號就是空余數(shù)量-1
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
#電腦下棋
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "O"
#該列剩余-1
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
show(board)#顯示棋盤
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "X"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
show(board)
def round3_1():#同上，只是先后手順序改變
round_cout = 0
for i in range(3):
round_cout += 1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "O"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
show(board)
print("\n電腦")
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "X"
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
show(board)
def round4_0():
round_cout = 3#回合計數(shù)
for i in range(3,24):#共48個棋子，24個回合
round_cout += 1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n電腦")
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "O"
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
#如果該列已滿，則在剩余列編號列表中移除，排除隨機到該列
if rest_num[robot_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(robot_line)
show(board)
#！勝負判定！
IsWinning(board,"O",symbol0)
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "X"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
if rest_num[robot_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(robot_line)
show(board)
IsWinning(board, "X", symbol0)
print("平局！")#最后分不出勝負就是平局
def round4_1():
round_cout = 3
for i in range(3, 24):
round_cout += 1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "O"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
if rest_num[player_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(player_line)
show(board)
IsWinning(board, "O", symbol1)
print("\n電腦")
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "X"
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
if rest_num[robot_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(robot_line)
show(board)
IsWinning(board, "X", symbol1)
print("平局！")第五部分：勝利判斷
詳細解釋判定條件
勝利有四種情況：橫4、豎4、左斜4、右斜4
因此繼續(xù)封裝成兩種形式：直線、斜線進行判定
因為左斜和右斜是關于棋盤左右對稱的
這里board_s就是對稱棋盤
用 [::-1] 進行倒序
傳入三個參數(shù)：棋盤、棋子類型（X/O）、執(zhí)棋方記錄
def IsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol): rowIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol) leftSlashIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol) board_s = [] for i in board: board_s.append(i[::-1])#左右對稱 leftSlashIsWinning(board_s, chess_type, symbol)
========
直線判定：
def rowIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol):
#豎4
for line_no in range(8):
for height_no in range(3):
if board[height_no][line_no] == \
board[height_no + 1][line_no] == \
board[height_no + 2][line_no] == \
board[height_no + 3][line_no] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
#橫4
for height_no in range(6):
for line_no in range(5):
if board[height_no][line_no] == \
board[height_no][line_no + 1] == \
board[height_no][line_no + 2] == \
board[height_no][line_no + 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)首先下標索引遍歷每一列
然后在每一列判定是否包含4個相同棋子
每一列得到前三行的棋子，之后再通過列下標不變，行下標遞增獲得四個棋子的坐標
橫4的判斷同理
========
難點
斜線判定：
斜線分左斜和右斜，左右是對稱的，因此只用一種方法而將另一種判定換成將棋盤對稱的操作
棋盤也是關于對角線可以對稱的，也可以左右 + 對角線對稱，從而轉(zhuǎn)換成一種判定方式（棋盤左對角線左方左斜的情況），對棋盤操作統(tǒng)統(tǒng)化成一種
以下以左斜線判定為例子：
藍色部分無法構(gòu)成斜線，無需考慮
斜線有一個重要性質(zhì)：坐標行號列號均相差正整數(shù)
因此只需要表示出下方綠色區(qū)域的棋子坐標就可以表示所有斜線：
（還有一種特殊情況）
只要循環(huán)表示出綠色區(qū)域內(nèi)的坐標 通過行列遞增即可表示斜線：
對于左上區(qū)域的坐標可以發(fā)現(xiàn)：
行號是1-3，而列號是1 ~ 行號
對于右下區(qū)域：
行號是4-6，列號是（行號+2） ~ 8
因此可以使用嵌套for循環(huán)表示
def leftSlashIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol):
#表示左上綠色部分
for init_height in range(3):
for init_line in range(init_height + 1):
if board[init_height][init_line] == \
board[init_height + 1][init_line + 1] == \
board[init_height + 2][init_line + 2] == \
board[init_height + 3][init_line + 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
#表示右下綠色部分
for init_height in range(3,6):
for init_line in range(init_height+2,8):
if board[init_height][init_line] == \
board[init_height - 1][init_line - 1] == \
board[init_height - 2][init_line - 2] == \
board[init_height - 3][init_line - 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
#中間特殊情況
for init_height in range(3):
init_line = init_height +1
if board[init_height][init_line] == \
board[init_height + 1][init_line + 1] == \
board[init_height + 2][init_line + 2] == \
board[init_height + 3][init_line + 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)完整代碼：
import random
def init():
global board
global rest_num
global a
global reminded_line
global symbol0
global symbol1
symbol1 = {
"O": "玩家",
"X": "電腦"
}
symbol0 = {
"X": "玩家",
"O": "電腦"
}
a = random.randint(0,2)
reminded_line = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
board = [["-"] * 8 for i in range(6)]
rest_num = [6 for i in range(8)]
show(board)
def show(board):
for i in range(6):
for j in range(8):
print(board[i][j],end=" ")
print()
def IsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol):
rowIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol)
leftSlashIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol)
board_s = []
for i in board:
board_s.append(i[::-1])
leftSlashIsWinning(board_s, chess_type, symbol)
def rowIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol):
for line_no in range(8):
for height_no in range(3):
if board[height_no][line_no] == \
board[height_no + 1][line_no] == \
board[height_no + 2][line_no] == \
board[height_no + 3][line_no] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
for height_no in range(6):
for line_no in range(5):
if board[height_no][line_no] == \
board[height_no][line_no + 1] == \
board[height_no][line_no + 2] == \
board[height_no][line_no + 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
def leftSlashIsWinning(board,chess_type,symbol):
for init_height in range(3):
for init_line in range(init_height + 1):
if board[init_height][init_line] == \
board[init_height + 1][init_line + 1] == \
board[init_height + 2][init_line + 2] == \
board[init_height + 3][init_line + 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
for init_height in range(3,6):
for init_line in range(init_height+2,8):
if board[init_height][init_line] == \
board[init_height - 1][init_line - 1] == \
board[init_height - 2][init_line - 2] == \
board[init_height - 3][init_line - 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
for init_height in range(3):
init_line = init_height +1
if board[init_height][init_line] == \
board[init_height + 1][init_line + 1] == \
board[init_height + 2][init_line + 2] == \
board[init_height + 3][init_line + 3] == \
chess_type:
print("\n游戲結(jié)束!獲勝的是：" + symbol[chess_type])
exit(0)
def playerInput(rest_num):
while True:
inp = int(input()) - 1
if inp in range(0,8):
if rest_num[inp] > 0:
return inp
else:
print("輸入錯誤")
else:
print("輸入錯誤")
def round3_0():
round_cout = 0
for i in range(3):
round_cout += 1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n電腦")
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "O"
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
show(board)
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "X"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
show(board)
def round3_1():
round_cout = 0
for i in range(3):
round_cout += 1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "O"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
show(board)
print("\n電腦")
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "X"
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
show(board)
def round4_0():
round_cout = 3
for i in range(3,24):
round_cout += 1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n電腦")
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "O"
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
if rest_num[robot_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(robot_line)
show(board)
IsWinning(board,"O",symbol0)
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "X"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
if rest_num[robot_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(robot_line)
show(board)
IsWinning(board, "X", symbol0)
print("平局！")
def round4_1():
round_cout = 3
for i in range(3, 24):
round_cout += 1
print("\n===回合數(shù)"+str(round_cout)+"===")
print("\n輪到你了：")
player_line = playerInput(rest_num)
player_height = rest_num[player_line] - 1
board[player_height][player_line] = "O"
rest_num[player_line] -= 1
if rest_num[player_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(player_line)
show(board)
IsWinning(board, "O", symbol1)
print("\n電腦")
robot_line = random.sample(reminded_line,1)[0]
robot_height = rest_num[robot_line] - 1
board[robot_height][robot_line] = "X"
rest_num[robot_line] -= 1
if rest_num[robot_line] == 0:
reminded_line.remove(robot_line)
show(board)
IsWinning(board, "X", symbol1)
print("平局！")
#程序入口
if __name__ == "__main__":
init()
if a == 1:
round3_1()
round4_1()
else:
round3_0()
round4_0()
游戲截圖：
看完了這篇文章，相信你對用Python制作一個重力四子棋小游戲有了一定的了解，想了解更多相關知識，歡迎關注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道，感謝各位的閱讀！
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