您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!
在Java中實(shí)現(xiàn)JDK動(dòng)態(tài)代理的原理是什么?相信很多沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人對(duì)此束手無(wú)策,為此本文總結(jié)了問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)的原因和解決方法,通過(guò)這篇文章希望你能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
一、什么是代理?
代理是一種常用的設(shè)計(jì)模式,其目的就是為其他對(duì)象提供一個(gè)代理以控制對(duì)某個(gè)對(duì)象的訪問(wèn)。代理類負(fù)責(zé)為委托類預(yù)處理消息,過(guò)濾消息并轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)消息,以及進(jìn)行消息被委托類執(zhí)行后的后續(xù)處理。
代理模式UML圖:
簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖:
為了保持行為的一致性,代理類和委托類通常會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)相同的接口,所以在訪問(wèn)者看來(lái)兩者沒(méi)有絲毫的區(qū)別。通過(guò)代理類這中間一層,能有效控制對(duì)委托類對(duì)象的直接訪問(wèn),也可以很好地隱藏和保護(hù)委托類對(duì)象,同時(shí)也為實(shí)施不同控制策略預(yù)留了空間,從而在設(shè)計(jì)上獲得了更大的靈活性。Java 動(dòng)態(tài)代理機(jī)制以巧妙的方式近乎完美地實(shí)踐了代理模式的設(shè)計(jì)理念。
二、Java 動(dòng)態(tài)代理類
Java動(dòng)態(tài)代理類位于java.lang.reflect包下,一般主要涉及到以下兩個(gè)類:
(1)Interface InvocationHandler:該接口中僅定義了一個(gè)方法
publicobject invoke(Object obj,Method method, Object[] args)
在實(shí)際使用時(shí),第一個(gè)參數(shù)obj一般是指代理類,method是被代理的方法,如上例中的request(),args為該方法的參數(shù)數(shù)組。這個(gè)抽象方法在代理類中動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
(2)Proxy:該類即為動(dòng)態(tài)代理類,其中主要包含以下內(nèi)容:
protected Proxy(InvocationHandler h)
:構(gòu)造函數(shù),用于給內(nèi)部的h賦值。
static Class getProxyClass (ClassLoaderloader, Class[] interfaces)
:獲得一個(gè)代理類,其中l(wèi)oader是類裝載器,interfaces是真實(shí)類所擁有的全部接口的數(shù)組。
static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoaderloader, Class[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h)
:返回代理類的一個(gè)實(shí)例,返回后的代理類可以當(dāng)作被代理類使用(可使用被代理類的在Subject接口中聲明過(guò)的方法)
所謂DynamicProxy是這樣一種class:它是在運(yùn)行時(shí)生成的class,在生成它時(shí)你必須提供一組interface給它,然后該class就宣稱它實(shí)現(xiàn)了這些 interface。你當(dāng)然可以把該class的實(shí)例當(dāng)作這些interface中的任何一個(gè)來(lái)用。當(dāng)然,這個(gè)DynamicProxy其實(shí)就是一個(gè)Proxy,它不會(huì)替你作實(shí)質(zhì)性的工作,在生成它的實(shí)例時(shí)你必須提供一個(gè)handler,由它接管實(shí)際的工作。
在使用動(dòng)態(tài)代理類時(shí),我們必須實(shí)現(xiàn)InvocationHandler接口
通過(guò)這種方式,被代理的對(duì)象(RealSubject)可以在運(yùn)行時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)改變,需要控制的接口(Subject接口)可以在運(yùn)行時(shí)改變,控制的方式(DynamicSubject類)也可以動(dòng)態(tài)改變,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了非常靈活的動(dòng)態(tài)代理關(guān)系。
動(dòng)態(tài)代理步驟:
1.創(chuàng)建一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)接口InvocationHandler的類,它必須實(shí)現(xiàn)invoke方法
2.創(chuàng)建被代理的類以及接口
3.通過(guò)Proxy的靜態(tài)方法
newProxyInstance(ClassLoaderloader, Class[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h)
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)代理
4.通過(guò)代理調(diào)用方法
三、JDK的動(dòng)態(tài)代理怎么使用?
1、需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)代理的接口:
package jiankunking; /** * 需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)代理的接口 */ public interface Subject { /** * 你好 * * @param name * @return */ public String SayHello(String name); /** * 再見(jiàn) * * @return */ public String SayGoodBye(); }
2、需要代理的實(shí)際對(duì)象
package jiankunking; /** * 實(shí)際對(duì)象 */ public class RealSubject implements Subject { /** * 你好 * * @param name * @return */ public String SayHello(String name) { return "hello " + name; } /** * 再見(jiàn) * * @return */ public String SayGoodBye() { return " good bye "; } }
3、調(diào)用處理器實(shí)現(xiàn)類(有木有感覺(jué)這里就是傳說(shuō)中的AOP?。?/strong>
package jiankunking; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Method; /** * 調(diào)用處理器實(shí)現(xiàn)類 * 每次生成動(dòng)態(tài)代理類對(duì)象時(shí)都需要指定一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)了該接口的調(diào)用處理器對(duì)象 */ public class InvocationHandlerImpl implements InvocationHandler { /** * 這個(gè)就是我們要代理的真實(shí)對(duì)象 */ private Object subject; /** * 構(gòu)造方法,給我們要代理的真實(shí)對(duì)象賦初值 * * @param subject */ public InvocationHandlerImpl(Object subject) { this.subject = subject; } /** * 該方法負(fù)責(zé)集中處理動(dòng)態(tài)代理類上的所有方法調(diào)用。 * 調(diào)用處理器根據(jù)這三個(gè)參數(shù)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理或分派到委托類實(shí)例上反射執(zhí)行 * * @param proxy 代理類實(shí)例 * @param method 被調(diào)用的方法對(duì)象 * @param args 調(diào)用參數(shù) * @return * @throws Throwable */ public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { //在代理真實(shí)對(duì)象前我們可以添加一些自己的操作 System.out.println("在調(diào)用之前,我要干點(diǎn)啥呢?"); System.out.println("Method:" + method); //當(dāng)代理對(duì)象調(diào)用真實(shí)對(duì)象的方法時(shí),其會(huì)自動(dòng)的跳轉(zhuǎn)到代理對(duì)象關(guān)聯(lián)的handler對(duì)象的invoke方法來(lái)進(jìn)行調(diào)用 Object returnValue = method.invoke(subject, args); //在代理真實(shí)對(duì)象后我們也可以添加一些自己的操作 System.out.println("在調(diào)用之后,我要干點(diǎn)啥呢?"); return returnValue; } }
4、測(cè)試
package jiankunking; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Proxy; /** * 動(dòng)態(tài)代理演示 */ public class DynamicProxyDemonstration { public static void main(String[] args) { //代理的真實(shí)對(duì)象 Subject realSubject = new RealSubject(); /** * InvocationHandlerImpl 實(shí)現(xiàn)了 InvocationHandler 接口,并能實(shí)現(xiàn)方法調(diào)用從代理類到委托類的分派轉(zhuǎn)發(fā) * 其內(nèi)部通常包含指向委托類實(shí)例的引用,用于真正執(zhí)行分派轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)過(guò)來(lái)的方法調(diào)用. * 即:要代理哪個(gè)真實(shí)對(duì)象,就將該對(duì)象傳進(jìn)去,最后是通過(guò)該真實(shí)對(duì)象來(lái)調(diào)用其方法 */ InvocationHandler handler = new InvocationHandlerImpl(realSubject); ClassLoader loader = realSubject.getClass().getClassLoader(); Class[] interfaces = realSubject.getClass().getInterfaces(); /** * 該方法用于為指定類裝載器、一組接口及調(diào)用處理器生成動(dòng)態(tài)代理類實(shí)例 */ Subject subject = (Subject) Proxy.newProxyInstance(loader, interfaces, handler); System.out.println("動(dòng)態(tài)代理對(duì)象的類型:"+subject.getClass().getName()); String hello = subject.SayHello("jiankunking"); System.out.println(hello); // String goodbye = subject.SayGoodBye(); // System.out.println(goodbye); } }
5、輸出結(jié)果如下:
演示demo下載地址:http://xiazai.jb51.net/201707/yuanma/DynamicProxyDemo(jb51.net).rar
四、動(dòng)態(tài)代理怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的?
從使用代碼中可以看出,關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)在:
Subject subject = (Subject) Proxy.newProxyInstance(loader, interfaces, handler);
通過(guò)跟蹤提示代碼可以看出:當(dāng)代理對(duì)象調(diào)用真實(shí)對(duì)象的方法時(shí),其會(huì)自動(dòng)的跳轉(zhuǎn)到代理對(duì)象關(guān)聯(lián)的handler對(duì)象的invoke方法來(lái)進(jìn)行調(diào)用。
也就是說(shuō),當(dāng)代碼執(zhí)行到:
subject.SayHello("jiankunking")
這句話時(shí),會(huì)自動(dòng)調(diào)用InvocationHandlerImpl的invoke方法。這是為啥呢?
=======橫線之間的是代碼跟分析的過(guò)程,不想看的朋友可以直接看結(jié)論============
以下代碼來(lái)自:JDK1.8.0_92
既然生成代理對(duì)象是用的Proxy類的靜態(tài)方newProxyInstance,那么我們就去它的源碼里看一下它到底都做了些什么?
/** * Returns an instance of a proxy class for the specified interfaces * that dispatches method invocations to the specified invocation * handler. * * <p>{@code Proxy.newProxyInstance} throws * {@code IllegalArgumentException} for the same reasons that * {@code Proxy.getProxyClass} does. * * @param loader the class loader to define the proxy class * @param interfaces the list of interfaces for the proxy class * to implement * @param h the invocation handler to dispatch method invocations to * @return a proxy instance with the specified invocation handler of a * proxy class that is defined by the specified class loader * and that implements the specified interfaces * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of the restrictions on the * parameters that may be passed to {@code getProxyClass} * are violated * @throws SecurityException if a security manager, <em>s</em>, is present * and any of the following conditions is met: * <ul> * <li> the given {@code loader} is {@code null} and * the caller's class loader is not {@code null} and the * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission * s.checkPermission} with * {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission * denies access;</li> * <li> for each proxy interface, {@code intf}, * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an * ancestor of the class loader for {@code intf} and * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to {@code intf};</li> * <li> any of the given proxy interfaces is non-public and the * caller class is not in the same {@linkplain Package runtime package} * as the non-public interface and the invocation of * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission s.checkPermission} with * {@code ReflectPermission("newProxyInPackage.{package name}")} * permission denies access.</li> * </ul> * @throws NullPointerException if the {@code interfaces} array * argument or any of its elements are {@code null}, or * if the invocation handler, {@code h}, is * {@code null} */ @CallerSensitive public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h) throws IllegalArgumentException { //檢查h 不為空,否則拋異常 Objects.requireNonNull(h); final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone(); final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); if (sm != null) { checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs); } /* * 獲得與指定類裝載器和一組接口相關(guān)的代理類類型對(duì)象 */ Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs); /* * 通過(guò)反射獲取構(gòu)造函數(shù)對(duì)象并生成代理類實(shí)例 */ try { if (sm != null) { checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl); } //獲取代理對(duì)象的構(gòu)造方法(也就是$Proxy0(InvocationHandler h)) final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams); final InvocationHandler ih = h; if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) { AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() { public Void run() { cons.setAccessible(true); return null; } }); } //生成代理類的實(shí)例并把InvocationHandlerImpl的實(shí)例傳給它的構(gòu)造方法 return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h}); } catch (IllegalAccessException|InstantiationException e) { throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { Throwable t = e.getCause(); if (t instanceof RuntimeException) { throw (RuntimeException) t; } else { throw new InternalError(t.toString(), t); } } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e); } }
我們?cè)龠M(jìn)去getProxyClass0方法看一下:
/** * Generate a proxy class. Must call the checkProxyAccess method * to perform permission checks before calling this. */ private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>... interfaces) { if (interfaces.length > 65535) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded"); } // If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing // the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy; // otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces); }
真相還是沒(méi)有來(lái)到,繼續(xù),看一下proxyClassCache
/** * a cache of proxy classes */ private static final WeakCache<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>> proxyClassCache = new WeakCache<>(new KeyFactory(), new ProxyClassFactory());
奧,原來(lái)用了一下緩存啊
那么它對(duì)應(yīng)的get方法啥樣呢?
/** * Look-up the value through the cache. This always evaluates the * {@code subKeyFactory} function and optionally evaluates * {@code valueFactory} function if there is no entry in the cache for given * pair of (key, subKey) or the entry has already been cleared. * * @param key possibly null key * @param parameter parameter used together with key to create sub-key and * value (should not be null) * @return the cached value (never null) * @throws NullPointerException if {@code parameter} passed in or * {@code sub-key} calculated by * {@code subKeyFactory} or {@code value} * calculated by {@code valueFactory} is null. */ public V get(K key, P parameter) { Objects.requireNonNull(parameter); expungeStaleEntries(); Object cacheKey = CacheKey.valueOf(key, refQueue); // lazily install the 2nd level valuesMap for the particular cacheKey ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> valuesMap = map.get(cacheKey); if (valuesMap == null) { //putIfAbsent這個(gè)方法在key不存在的時(shí)候加入一個(gè)值,如果key存在就不放入 ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> oldValuesMap = map.putIfAbsent(cacheKey, valuesMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>()); if (oldValuesMap != null) { valuesMap = oldValuesMap; } } // create subKey and retrieve the possible Supplier<V> stored by that // subKey from valuesMap Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter)); Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey); Factory factory = null; while (true) { if (supplier != null) { // supplier might be a Factory or a CacheValue<V> instance V value = supplier.get(); if (value != null) { return value; } } // else no supplier in cache // or a supplier that returned null (could be a cleared CacheValue // or a Factory that wasn't successful in installing the CacheValue) // lazily construct a Factory if (factory == null) { factory = new Factory(key, parameter, subKey, valuesMap); } if (supplier == null) { supplier = valuesMap.putIfAbsent(subKey, factory); if (supplier == null) { // successfully installed Factory supplier = factory; } // else retry with winning supplier } else { if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, supplier, factory)) { // successfully replaced // cleared CacheEntry / unsuccessful Factory // with our Factory supplier = factory; } else { // retry with current supplier supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey); } } } }
我們可以看到它調(diào)用了 supplier.get();
獲取動(dòng)態(tài)代理類,其中supplier是Factory,這個(gè)類定義在WeakCach的內(nèi)部。
來(lái)瞅瞅,get里面又做了什么?
public synchronized V get() { // serialize access // re-check Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey); if (supplier != this) { // something changed while we were waiting: // might be that we were replaced by a CacheValue // or were removed because of failure -> // return null to signal WeakCache.get() to retry // the loop return null; } // else still us (supplier == this) // create new value V value = null; try { value = Objects.requireNonNull(valueFactory.apply(key, parameter)); } finally { if (value == null) { // remove us on failure valuesMap.remove(subKey, this); } } // the only path to reach here is with non-null value assert value != null; // wrap value with CacheValue (WeakReference) CacheValue<V> cacheValue = new CacheValue<>(value); // try replacing us with CacheValue (this should always succeed) if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, this, cacheValue)) { // put also in reverseMap reverseMap.put(cacheValue, Boolean.TRUE); } else { throw new AssertionError("Should not reach here"); } // successfully replaced us with new CacheValue -> return the value // wrapped by it return value; } }
發(fā)現(xiàn)重點(diǎn)還是木有出現(xiàn),但我們可以看到它調(diào)用了valueFactory.apply(key, parameter)
方法:
/** * A factory function that generates, defines and returns the proxy class given * the ClassLoader and array of interfaces. */ private static final class ProxyClassFactory implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>> { // prefix for all proxy class names private static final String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy"; // next number to use for generation of unique proxy class names private static final AtomicLong nextUniqueNumber = new AtomicLong(); @Override public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) { Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length); for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) { /* * Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this * interface to the same Class object. */ Class<?> interfaceClass = null; try { interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { } if (interfaceClass != intf) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( intf + " is not visible from class loader"); } /* * Verify that the Class object actually represents an * interface. */ if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface"); } /* * Verify that this interface is not a duplicate. */ if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName()); } } String proxyPkg = null; // package to define proxy class in int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL; /* * Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the * proxy class will be defined in the same package. Verify that * all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package. */ for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) { int flags = intf.getModifiers(); if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) { accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL; String name = intf.getName(); int n = name.lastIndexOf('.'); String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1)); if (proxyPkg == null) { proxyPkg = pkg; } else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "non-public interfaces from different packages"); } } } if (proxyPkg == null) { // if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + "."; } /* * Choose a name for the proxy class to generate. */ long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement(); String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num; /* * Generate the specified proxy class. */ byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass( proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags); try { return defineClass0(loader, proxyName, proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length); } catch (ClassFormatError e) { /* * A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the * proxy class generation code) there was some other * invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy * class creation (such as virtual machine limitations * exceeded). */ throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString()); } } }
通過(guò)看代碼終于找到了重點(diǎn):
//生成字節(jié)碼 byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
那么接下來(lái)我們也使用測(cè)試一下,使用這個(gè)方法生成的字節(jié)碼是個(gè)什么樣子:
package jiankunking; import sun.misc.ProxyGenerator; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Proxy; /** * 動(dòng)態(tài)代理演示 */ public class DynamicProxyDemonstration { public static void main(String[] args) { //代理的真實(shí)對(duì)象 Subject realSubject = new RealSubject(); /** * InvocationHandlerImpl 實(shí)現(xiàn)了 InvocationHandler 接口,并能實(shí)現(xiàn)方法調(diào)用從代理類到委托類的分派轉(zhuǎn)發(fā) * 其內(nèi)部通常包含指向委托類實(shí)例的引用,用于真正執(zhí)行分派轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)過(guò)來(lái)的方法調(diào)用. * 即:要代理哪個(gè)真實(shí)對(duì)象,就將該對(duì)象傳進(jìn)去,最后是通過(guò)該真實(shí)對(duì)象來(lái)調(diào)用其方法 */ InvocationHandler handler = new InvocationHandlerImpl(realSubject); ClassLoader loader = handler.getClass().getClassLoader(); Class[] interfaces = realSubject.getClass().getInterfaces(); /** * 該方法用于為指定類裝載器、一組接口及調(diào)用處理器生成動(dòng)態(tài)代理類實(shí)例 */ Subject subject = (Subject) Proxy.newProxyInstance(loader, interfaces, handler); System.out.println("動(dòng)態(tài)代理對(duì)象的類型:"+subject.getClass().getName()); String hello = subject.SayHello("jiankunking"); System.out.println(hello); // 將生成的字節(jié)碼保存到本地, createProxyClassFile(); } private static void createProxyClassFile(){ String name = "ProxySubject"; byte[] data = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(name,new Class[]{Subject.class}); FileOutputStream out =null; try { out = new FileOutputStream(name+".class"); System.out.println((new File("hello")).getAbsolutePath()); out.write(data); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { if(null!=out) try { out.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
可以看一下這里代理對(duì)象的類型:
我們用jd-jui 工具將生成的字節(jié)碼反編譯:
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.lang.reflect.Proxy; import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException; import jiankunking.Subject; public final class ProxySubject extends Proxy implements Subject { private static Method m1; private static Method m3; private static Method m4; private static Method m2; private static Method m0; public ProxySubject(InvocationHandler paramInvocationHandler) { super(paramInvocationHandler); } public final boolean equals(Object paramObject) { try { return ((Boolean)this.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[] { paramObject })).booleanValue(); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } public final String SayGoodBye() { try { return (String)this.h.invoke(this, m3, null); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } public final String SayHello(String paramString) { try { return (String)this.h.invoke(this, m4, new Object[] { paramString }); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } public final String toString() { try { return (String)this.h.invoke(this, m2, null); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } public final int hashCode() { try { return ((Integer)this.h.invoke(this, m0, null)).intValue(); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } static { try { m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", new Class[] { Class.forName("java.lang.Object") }); m3 = Class.forName("jiankunking.Subject").getMethod("SayGoodBye", new Class[0]); m4 = Class.forName("jiankunking.Subject").getMethod("SayHello", new Class[] { Class.forName("java.lang.String") }); m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString", new Class[0]); m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode", new Class[0]); return; } catch (NoSuchMethodException localNoSuchMethodException) { throw new NoSuchMethodError(localNoSuchMethodException.getMessage()); } catch (ClassNotFoundException localClassNotFoundException) { throw new NoClassDefFoundError(localClassNotFoundException.getMessage()); } } }
這就是最終真正的代理類,它繼承自Proxy并實(shí)現(xiàn)了我們定義的Subject接口
也就是說(shuō):
Subject subject = (Subject) Proxy.newProxyInstance(loader, interfaces, handler);
這里的subject實(shí)際是這個(gè)類的一個(gè)實(shí)例,那么我們調(diào)用它的:
public final String SayHello(String paramString)
就是調(diào)用我們定義的InvocationHandlerImpl的 invoke方法:
=======橫線之間的是代碼跟分析的過(guò)程,不想看的朋友可以直接看結(jié)論================
五、結(jié)論
到了這里,終于解答了:
subject.SayHello("jiankunking")
這句話時(shí),為什么會(huì)自動(dòng)調(diào)用InvocationHandlerImpl的invoke方法?
因?yàn)镴DK生成的最終真正的代理類,它繼承自Proxy并實(shí)現(xiàn)了我們定義的Subject接口,在實(shí)現(xiàn)Subject接口方法的內(nèi)部,通過(guò)反射調(diào)用了InvocationHandlerImpl的invoke方法。
包含生成本地class文件的demo:
http://xiazai.jb51.net/201707/yuanma/DynamicProxyDemo2(jb51.net).rar
通過(guò)分析代碼可以看出Java 動(dòng)態(tài)代理,具體有如下四步驟:
通過(guò)實(shí)現(xiàn) InvocationHandler 接口創(chuàng)建自己的調(diào)用處理器;
通過(guò)為 Proxy 類指定 ClassLoader 對(duì)象和一組 interface 來(lái)創(chuàng)建動(dòng)態(tài)代理類;
通過(guò)反射機(jī)制獲得動(dòng)態(tài)代理類的構(gòu)造函數(shù),其唯一參數(shù)類型是調(diào)用處理器接口類型;
通過(guò)構(gòu)造函數(shù)創(chuàng)建動(dòng)態(tài)代理類實(shí)例,構(gòu)造時(shí)調(diào)用處理器對(duì)象作為參數(shù)被傳入。
看完上述內(nèi)容,你們掌握在Java中實(shí)現(xiàn)JDK動(dòng)態(tài)代理的原理是什么的方法了嗎?如果還想學(xué)到更多技能或想了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容,歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道,感謝各位的閱讀!
免責(zé)聲明:本站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創(chuàng)、轉(zhuǎn)載和分享為主,文章觀點(diǎn)不代表本網(wǎng)站立場(chǎng),如果涉及侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系站長(zhǎng)郵箱:is@yisu.com進(jìn)行舉報(bào),并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),一經(jīng)查實(shí),將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。