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Android Retrofit實(shí)現(xiàn)多圖片/文件、圖文上傳功能

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2020-09-24 08:15:28 來源：腳本之家 閱讀：2402 作者：Hong-Herman 欄目：移動開發(fā)

什么是 Retrofit ?

Retrofit是Square開發(fā)的一個(gè)Android和Java的REST客戶端庫。這個(gè)庫非常簡單并且具有很多特性，相比其他的網(wǎng)絡(luò)庫，更容易讓初學(xué)者快速掌握。它可以處理GET、POST、PUT、DELETE…等請求，還可以使用picasso加載圖片。

一、再次膜拜下Retrofit

Retrofit無論從性能還是使用方便性上都很屌?。?！，本文不去介紹其運(yùn)作原理（雖然很想搞明白），后面會出專題文章解析Retrofit的內(nèi)部原理；本文只是從使用上解析Retrofit實(shí)現(xiàn)多圖片/文件、圖文上傳的功能。

二、概念介紹

1）注解@Multipart

從字面上理解就是與多媒體文件相關(guān)的，沒錯(cuò)，圖片、文件等的上傳都要用到該注解，其中每個(gè)部分需要使用@Part來注解。。看其注釋

/** 
 * Denotes that the request body is multi-part. Parts should be declared as parameters and 
 * annotated with {@link Part @Part}. 
 */

2）注解@PartMap

當(dāng)然可以理解為使用@PartMap注釋，傳遞多個(gè)Part，以實(shí)現(xiàn)多文件上傳。注釋

/** 
 * Denotes name and value parts of a multi-part request. 
 * <p> 
 * Values of the map on which this annotation exists will be processed in one of two ways: 
 * <ul> 
 * <li>If the type is {@link okhttp3.RequestBody RequestBody} the value will be used 
 * directly with its content type.</li> 
 * <li>Other object types will be converted to an appropriate representation by using 
 * {@linkplain Converter a converter}.</li> 
 * </ul> 
 * <p> 
 * <pre><code> 
 * @Multipart 
 * @POST("/upload") 
 * Call<ResponseBody> upload( 
 * @Part("file") RequestBody file, 
 * @PartMap Map<String, RequestBody> params); 
 * </code></pre> 
 * <p> 
 * A {@code null} value for the map, as a key, or as a value is not allowed. 
 * 
 * @see Multipart 
 * @see Part 
 */

3）RequestBody

從上面注釋中就可以看到參數(shù)類型是RequestBody，其就是請求體。文件上傳就需要參數(shù)為RequestBody。官方使用說明如下http://square.github.io/retrofit/

Multipart parts use one of Retrofit's converters or they can implement RequestBody to handle their own serialization. 

四、基本實(shí)現(xiàn)

了解了以上概念，下面就一一實(shí)現(xiàn)

1）接口定義

public interface IHttpService { 
@Multipart 
 @POST("nocheck/file/agree.do") 
 Call<BaseBean> upLoadAgree(@PartMap Map<String, RequestBody>params); 
}

BaseBean是根據(jù)服務(wù)端返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行定義的，這個(gè)使用時(shí)可以根據(jù)自有Server定義。

2）Retrofit實(shí)現(xiàn)

/** 
 * Created by DELL on 2017/3/16. 
 * 上傳文件用（包含圖片） 
 */ 
public class RetrofitHttpUpLoad { 
 /** 
 * 超時(shí)時(shí)間60s 
 */ 
 private static final long DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 60; 
 private volatile static RetrofitHttpUpLoad mInstance; 
 public Retrofit mRetrofit; 
 public IHttpService mHttpService; 
 private Map<String, RequestBody> params = new HashMap<String, RequestBody>(); 
 private RetrofitHttpUpLoad() { 
 mRetrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() 
  .baseUrl(UrlConfig.ROOT_URL) 
  .client(genericClient()) 
  .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) 
  .build(); 
 mHttpService = mRetrofit.create(IHttpService.class); 
 } 
 public static RetrofitHttpUpLoad getInstance() { 
 if (mInstance == null) { 
  synchronized (RetrofitHttpUpLoad.class) { 
  if (mInstance == null) 
   mInstance = new RetrofitHttpUpLoad(); 
  } 
 } 
 return mInstance; 
 } 
 /** 
 * 添加統(tǒng)一超時(shí)時(shí)間,http日志打印 
 * 
 * @return 
 */ 
 public static OkHttpClient genericClient() { 
 HttpLoggingInterceptor logging = new HttpLoggingInterceptor(); 
 logging.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY); 
 OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder() 
  .addInterceptor(logging) 
  .connectTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS) 
  .writeTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS) 
  .readTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS) 
  .build(); 
 return httpClient; 
 } 
 /** 
 * 將call加入隊(duì)列并實(shí)現(xiàn)回調(diào) 
 * 
 * @param call  調(diào)入的call 
 * @param retrofitCallBack 回調(diào) 
 * @param method  調(diào)用方法標(biāo)志，回調(diào)用 
 * @param <T>  泛型參數(shù) 
 */ 
 public static <T> void addToEnqueue(Call<T> call, final RetrofitCallBack retrofitCallBack, final int method) { 
 final Context context = MyApplication.getContext(); 
 call.enqueue(new Callback<T>() { 
  @Override 
  public void onResponse(Call<T> call, Response<T> response) { 
  LogUtil.d("retrofit back code ====" + response.code()); 
  if (null != response.body()) { 
   if (response.code() == 200) { 
   LogUtil.d("retrofit back body ====" + new Gson().toJson(response.body())); 
   retrofitCallBack.onResponse(response, method); 
   } else { 
   LogUtil.d("toEnqueue, onResponse Fail:" + response.code()); 
   ToastUtil.makeShortText(context, "網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接錯(cuò)誤" + response.code()); 
   retrofitCallBack.onFailure(response, method); 
   } 
  } else { 
   LogUtil.d("toEnqueue, onResponse Fail m:" + response.message()); 
   ToastUtil.makeShortText(context, "網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接錯(cuò)誤" + response.message()); 
   retrofitCallBack.onFailure(response, method); 
  } 
  } 
  @Override 
  public void onFailure(Call<T> call, Throwable t) { 
  LogUtil.d("toEnqueue, onResponse Fail unKnown:" + t.getMessage()); 
  t.printStackTrace(); 
  ToastUtil.makeShortText(context, "網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接錯(cuò)誤" + t.getMessage()); 
  retrofitCallBack.onFailure(null, method); 
  } 
 }); 
 } 
 /** 
 * 添加參數(shù) 
 * 根據(jù)傳進(jìn)來的Object對象來判斷是String還是File類型的參數(shù) 
 */ 
 public RetrofitHttpUpLoad addParameter(String key, Object o) { 
 if (o instanceof String) { 
  RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"), (String) o); 
  params.put(key, body); 
 } else if (o instanceof File) { 
  RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data;charset=UTF-8"), (File) o); 
  params.put(key + "\"; filename=\"" + ((File) o).getName() + "", body); 
 } 
 return this; 
 } 
 /** 
 * 構(gòu)建RequestBody 
 */ 
 public Map<String, RequestBody> bulider() { 
 return params; 
 } 
}

其中定義了Retrofit實(shí)例、還用攔截器定義了統(tǒng)一的超時(shí)時(shí)間和日志打印；將call加入隊(duì)列并實(shí)現(xiàn)回調(diào)。最重要的就是添加參數(shù)：

/** * 添加參數(shù) 
 * 根據(jù)傳進(jìn)來的Object對象來判斷是String還是File類型的參數(shù) 
 */ 
 public RetrofitHttpUpLoad addParameter(String key, Object o) { 
 if (o instanceof String) { 
  RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"), (String) o); 
  params.put(key, body); 
 } else if (o instanceof File) { 
  RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data;charset=UTF-8"), (File) o); 
  params.put(key + "\"; filename=\"" + ((File) o).getName() + "", body); 
 } 
 return this; 
 }

這里就是根據(jù)傳入的參數(shù)，返回不同的RequestBody。

3）使用

private void upLoadAgree() { 
 showWaitDialog(); 
 RetrofitHttpUpLoad retrofitHttpUpLoad = RetrofitHttpUpLoad.getInstance(); 
 if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(pathImage[0])){ 
  retrofitHttpUpLoad = retrofitHttpUpLoad.addParameter("pic1",new File(pathImage[0])); 
 } 
 if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(pathImage[1])){ 
  retrofitHttpUpLoad = retrofitHttpUpLoad.addParameter("pic2", new File(pathImage[1])); 
 } 
 if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(pathImage[2])){ 
  retrofitHttpUpLoad = retrofitHttpUpLoad.addParameter("zip", new File(pathImage[2])); 
 } 
 Map<String, RequestBody> params = retrofitHttpUpLoad 
  .addParameter("status", "4") 
  .addParameter("pickupId", tv_orderquality_pid.getText().toString()) 
  .addParameter("cause", reason) 
  .addParameter("connectname", et_orderquality_lxrname.getText().toString()) 
  .addParameter("connectphone", et_orderquality_lxrphone.getText().toString()) 
  .addParameter("details", et_orderquality_xqms.getText().toString()) 
  .bulider(); 
 RetrofitHttpUpLoad.addToEnqueue(RetrofitHttpUpLoad.getInstance().mHttpService.upLoadAgree(params), 
  this, HttpStaticApi.HTTP_UPLOADAGREE); 
 }

需要注意的是要對圖片及文件路徑進(jìn)行判空操作，負(fù)責(zé)會報(bào)異常W/System.err: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /: open failed: EISDIR (Is a directory)

以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Android基于Retrofit實(shí)現(xiàn)多圖片/文件、圖文上傳功能，希望對大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言，小編會及時(shí)回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對億速云網(wǎng)站的支持！

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