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android Retrofit2+okHttp3使用總結(jié)

發(fā)布時間：2020-10-10 11:09:38 來源：腳本之家 閱讀：144 作者：林水吉 欄目：移動開發(fā)

使用前準備

Build.gradle文件配置

dependencies配置

compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.0'
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.2.0'

網(wǎng)絡框架搭建

服務創(chuàng)建類封裝（HTTP）：

public class ServiceGenerator {
 public static final String API_BASE_URL = "";
 public static int READ_TIMEOUT = 60;
 public static int WRIT_TIMEOUT = 60;
 public static int CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 60;
 private static OkHttpClient.Builder httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
   .readTimeout(READ_TIMEOUT,TimeUnit.SECONDS)//設置讀取超時時間
   .writeTimeout(WRIT_TIMEOUT,TimeUnit.SECONDS)//設置寫的超時時間
   .connectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT,TimeUnit.SECONDS);

 private static Retrofit.Builder builder =
   new Retrofit.Builder()
     .baseUrl(API_BASE_URL)     .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create());

 public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass) {
  return createService(serviceClass, null);
 }

 public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass, final String authToken) {
  if (authToken != null) {
   httpClient.addInterceptor(new Interceptor() {
    @Override
    public Response intercept(Interceptor.Chain chain) throws IOException {
     Request original = chain.request();

     // Request customization: add request headers
     Request.Builder requestBuilder = original.newBuilder()
       .method(original.method(), original.body());

     Request request = requestBuilder.build();
     return chain.proceed(request);
    }
   });
  }

  OkHttpClient client = httpClient
    // 日志攔截器
    .addInterceptor(new HttpLoggingInterceptor().setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY))
    .build();
  Retrofit retrofit = builder.client(client).build();
  return retrofit.create(serviceClass);
 }
}

使用說明：

API_BASE_URL 用來配置api主地址

READ_TIMEOUT 用來配置讀取超時時間

WRIT_TIMEOUT 用來配置寫超時時間

CONNECT_TIMEOUT 用來配置連接超時時間

addConverterFactory() 用來設置解析器，此處我們設置的是gson的解析

addInterceptor() 用來設置日志攔截器

服務創(chuàng)建類封裝（HTTPS）：

 public class HttpsServiceGenerator {
 public static final String API_BASE_URL = "";
 public static int READ_TIMEOUT = 250;
 public static int WRIT_TIMEOUT = 250;
 public static int CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 250;
 private static OkHttpClient.Builder httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder();

 private static Retrofit.Builder builder =
   new Retrofit.Builder()
     .baseUrl(API_BASE_URL)     .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create());

 public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass) {
  return createService(serviceClass, null);
 }

 public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass, final String authToken) {
  if (authToken != null) {
   httpClient.addInterceptor(new Interceptor() {
    @Override
    public Response intercept(Interceptor.Chain chain) throws IOException {
     Request original = chain.request();

     // Request customization: add request headers
     Request.Builder requestBuilder = original.newBuilder()
       .method(original.method(), original.body());

     Request request = requestBuilder.build();
     return chain.proceed(request);
    }
   });
  }
  Retrofit retrofit = builder.client(getUnsafeOkHttpClient()).build();
  return retrofit.create(serviceClass);
 }

 private static OkHttpClient getUnsafeOkHttpClient() {
  try {
   // Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
   final TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{
     new X509TrustManager() {
      @Override
      public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
      }

      @Override
      public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
      }

      @Override
      public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
       X509Certificate[] x509Certificates = new X509Certificate[0];
       return x509Certificates;
      }
     }
   };

   // Install the all-trusting trust manager
   final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
   sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
   // Create an ssl socket factory with our all-trusting manager
   final SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = sslContext.getSocketFactory();

   OkHttpClient okHttpClient =
     new OkHttpClient.Builder()
       .readTimeout(READ_TIMEOUT,TimeUnit.SECONDS)//設置讀取超時時間
       .writeTimeout(WRIT_TIMEOUT,TimeUnit.SECONDS)//設置寫的超時時間
       .connectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT,TimeUnit.SECONDS)
       .addInterceptor(new HttpLoggingInterceptor().setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY))
       .sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory)
       .hostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
        @Override
        public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
         return true;
        }
       }).build();

   return okHttpClient;
  } catch (Exception e) {
   throw new RuntimeException(e);
  }
 }
}

使用說明：

可以看出https 和http的服務類主要區(qū)別在于retrofit對象的構(gòu)造方法不同。

主要就是sslSocketFactory()方法。是用來添加sslsocketFactory的，也就是客戶端發(fā)送的請求都等于手持了這樣的證書，這樣就可以和服務器交互了。

SslsocketFactory對象的獲取方法如下：

final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
   sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
   final SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = sslContext.getSocketFactory();

請求體和響應體封裝：

 {
 "page":2,
 "pageSize":10
}

Json體類似如上所示的可以封裝為如下的請求體/響應體，此處可以借用GsonFormat插件，輸入json體就可以快速生產(chǎn)請求體/響應體bean類。

public class GetTradeDetailRequest {


 /**
  * page : 2
  * pageSize : 10
  */

 private int page;
 private int pageSize;

 public int getPage() {
  return page;
 }

 public void setPage(int page) {
  this.page = page;
 }

 public int getPageSize() {
  return pageSize;
 }

 public void setPageSize(int pageSize) {
  this.pageSize = pageSize;
 }
}

服務接口封裝：

public interface BalanceService {
 @GET("balance")
 Call<GetBalanceResponse> getBalance(@Header("AccessToken") String accessToken);

 @POST("balance/detail")
 Call<GetTradeDetailResponse> getDetail(@Header("AccessToken") String accessToken , @Body GetTradeDetailRequest tradeDetailRequest);
}

使用說明：

此接口用來聲明請求類型,call聲明的類型是返回體的bean類，@header是請求的頭，@body是返回體的類型。

請求model封裝：

public class BalanceModel {
 private static BalanceModel balanceModel;
 private BalanceService mBalanceService;

 /**
  * Singleton
  */
 public static BalanceModel getInstance(Context context) {
  if (balanceModel == null) {
   balanceModel = new BalanceModel(context);
  }
  return balanceModel;
 }

 public BalanceModel(Context context) {
  mBalanceService = HttpsServiceGenerator.createService(BalanceService.class);
 }

 public Call<GetBalanceResponse> getBalanceResponseCall(String accessToken) {
  Call<GetBalanceResponse> balanceResponseCall = mBalanceService.getBalance(accessToken);
  return balanceResponseCall;
 }
}

使用說明：

此接口用來聲明請求model的，主要用到的是上面的服務接口。 此類主要用來獲取網(wǎng)絡請求體的。

響應事件回調(diào)類封裝：

public abstract class Callback<T extends Object> implements retrofit2.Callback<T> {

 @Override
 public void onResponse(Call<T> call, Response<T> response) {
  if (response.raw().code() == 200){
   Log.i("internet response","200");
   onSuccess(response);
  }else if (response.raw().code() == 404){
   Log.i("internet response","404");
   onNotFound();
  }
 }

 @Override
 public void onFailure(Call<T> call, Throwable t) {

 }


 public abstract void onSuccess(Response<T> response);

 public void onNotFound(){
  return;
 }
}

使用說明：

通常在發(fā)送網(wǎng)絡請求的時候只有兩種結(jié)果，一是請求發(fā)送失敗，二是服務器接收到了請求并且響應了。

onFailure()主要用來處理請求發(fā)送失敗的情況，onResponse()用來處理服務器的響應內(nèi)容。

response.raw().code()的值就是我們在網(wǎng)站開發(fā)中遇到的標識代碼，200代表成功返回消息體，404代表api路徑?jīng)]找到（api路徑配置出錯是會導致這樣的情況，當然也可能是服務器的環(huán)境出了問題，導致手機訪問不到），500代表的是服務器內(nèi)部錯誤(請求中的參數(shù)配置有誤會導致這樣的情況)。

代碼中使用：

private void httpLoginRequest(String phone, String password) {
  mPushToken = mPushAgent.getRegistrationId();
  GetLoginRequest loginRequest = new GetLoginRequest();
  loginRequest.setPhone(phone);
  loginRequest.setPassword(password);
  loginRequest.setPushtoken(mPushToken);
  loginRequest.setCarrier(mCarrier);
  final Call<GetLoginResponse> callLogin = loginModel.getLoginResponseCall(loginRequest);
  callLogin.enqueue(new Callback<GetLoginResponse>() {
   @Override
   public void onFailure(Call<GetLoginResponse> calllist, Throwable t) {
    ToastUtils.showToast(LoginActivity.this,"網(wǎng)絡服務異常");
    materialDialog.dismiss();
    callLogin.cancel();
   }

   @Override
   public void onSuccess(Response<GetLoginResponse> response) {
    GetLoginResponse loginResponse = response.body();
    userBean = loginResponse.getData();
    if (loginResponse.getErrcode() == 0) {
     ToastUtils.showToast(LoginActivity.this,"登錄成功");
     ActivityCollector.finishAll();
     startActivity(new Intent(LoginActivity.this, MapActivity.class));
     AppConfigUtils.getInstanse(LoginActivity.this).clearAll();
     AppConfigUtils.getInstanse(LoginActivity.this).setUserBean(userBean);
     materialDialog.dismiss();
    } else if (loginResponse.getErrcode() == 203) {
     ToastUtils.showToast(LoginActivity.this,"用戶名或密碼錯誤");
     materialDialog.dismiss();
    }else if (loginResponse.getErrcode() == 999){
     materialDialog.dismiss();
     ToastUtils.showToast(LoginActivity.this,"服務器異常，請稍后再試");
    }
    callLogin.cancel();
   }

   @Override
   public void onNotFound() {
    materialDialog.dismiss();
    ToastUtils.showToast(LoginActivity.this,"404");
    super.onNotFound();
    callLogin.cancel();
   }
  });
 }
private void httpBalanceRequest(String accessToken) {
  BalanceModel balanceModel = BalanceModel.getInstance(getApplicationContext());
  final Call<GetBalanceResponse> balanceResponseCall = balanceModel.getBalanceResponseCall(accessToken);
  balanceResponseCall.enqueue(new Callback<GetBalanceResponse>() {
   @Override
   public void onResponse(Call<GetBalanceResponse> calllist, Response<GetBalanceResponse> response) {
    GetBalanceResponse balanceResponse = response.body();
    if (balanceResponse.getErrcode() == 0) {
     mMoneyTV.setText(balanceResponse.getData().getBalance());
    } else if (balanceResponse.getErrcode() == 999) {
     ToastUtils.showToast(BalanceActivity.this,"服務器異常，請稍后再試");
     mMoneyTV.setText("0.00");
    } else if (balanceResponse.getErrcode() == 403) {
     ToastUtils.showToast(BalanceActivity.this,"登錄已失效，請重新登錄");
     AppConfigUtils.getInstanse(BalanceActivity.this).clearAll();
     ActivityCollector.finishAll();
     LoginActivity.actionStart(BalanceActivity.this,mPhone,"");
    }
    balanceResponseCall.cancel();
   }

   @Override
   public void onFailure(Call<GetBalanceResponse> calllist, Throwable t) {
    ToastUtils.showToast(BalanceActivity.this,"網(wǎng)絡服務異常");
    balanceResponseCall.cancel();
   }
  });
 }

使用說明：

這段代碼使用的是自己封裝的響應事件回調(diào)類，當然也可以用第二張圖retrofit默認的那套，用自己封裝的有個好處就是404not found 可以處理進行操作，如果用默認的那套，在404的時候這段代碼就會崩潰。

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持億速云。

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