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Android利用Paint自定義View實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)度條控件方法示例

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-09-10 19:33:20 來源:腳本之家 閱讀:130 作者:lin墨 欄目:移動(dòng)開發(fā)

前言

View的三大流程:測(cè)量,布局,繪制,自定義View學(xué)的是啥?無非就兩種:繪制文字和繪制圖像。

我們?cè)谏弦黄恼隆禔ndroid繪圖之Paint的使用》中學(xué)習(xí)了Paint的基本用法,但是具體的應(yīng)用我們還沒有實(shí)踐過。從標(biāo)題中可知,本文是帶領(lǐng)讀者使用Paint,自定義一個(gè)進(jìn)度條控件。

效果圖

Android利用Paint自定義View實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)度條控件方法示例

上圖就是本文要實(shí)現(xiàn)的效果圖。

實(shí)現(xiàn)過程

既然是自定義控件,本文的該控件是直接繼承View,然后重寫View的onMeasure和onDraw方法來實(shí)現(xiàn)。其中onMeasure主要作用是測(cè)量控件的寬/高。而onDraw則是將界面繪制到屏幕上。

從效果的效果上看,我們需要自定義一些屬性,如:進(jìn)度度條的顏色、圓邊框的顏色、圓邊框的寬度和文本的大小等等。
具體的自定義屬性請(qǐng)看下面attrs.xml的代碼:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
 <declare-styleable name="CustomProgressBar">
 <attr name="roundProgressColor" format="color"></attr>
 <attr name="roundColor" format="color"></attr>
 <attr name="roundWidth" format="dimension"></attr>
 <attr name="textSize" format="dimension"></attr>
 <attr name="textColor" format="color"></attr>
 <attr name="max" format="integer"></attr>
 <attr name="textShow" format="boolean"></attr>
 <attr name="style">
  <enum name="STROKE" value="0"></enum>
  <enum name="FILL" value="1"></enum>
 </attr>
 </declare-styleable>
</resources>

接下來看本文的最重要部分,也就是自定義View

public class CustomProgressBar extends View {

 private int max = 100;//總進(jìn)度
 private int roundColor = Color.RED;//進(jìn)度圓弧的顏色
 private float roundWidth = 10;//圓邊框?qū)挾? private int roundProgressColor = Color.BLUE;//默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán)邊框顏色
 private float textSize = 55;//文本大小
 private int textColor = Color.GREEN;//文本默認(rèn)顏色
 private boolean textShow = true;//是否展示文本
 public static final int STROKE = 0;//描邊
 public static final int FILL = 1;//填充
 private int style = STROKE;//默認(rèn)描邊

 private int progress;//進(jìn)度
 private Paint mPaint;

 private int mWidth = 200;//默認(rèn)控件寬度,wrap_content時(shí)候使用
 private int mHeight = 200;//默認(rèn)控件高度,wrap_content時(shí)候使用


 public CustomProgressBar(Context context) {
 this(context, null);
 }

 public CustomProgressBar(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
 super(context, attrs);
 init(context, attrs);
 }

 private void init(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
 mPaint = new Paint();
 if (attrs != null) {
  TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomProgressBar);
  max = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_max, 100);
  roundColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_roundColor, Color.BLUE);
  roundProgressColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_roundProgressColor, Color.BLUE);
  textColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_textColor, Color.GREEN);
  textSize = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_textSize, 55);
  roundWidth = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_roundWidth, 10);
  textShow = typedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_textShow, true);
  style = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_style, 0);

  typedArray.recycle();
 }
 }

 @Override
 protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
 super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
 int widthSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
 int widthSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
 int heightSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
 int heightSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
 if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST && heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
  setMeasuredDimension(mWidth,mHeight);
 }else if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
  setMeasuredDimension(mWidth,heightSpecSize);
 }else if (heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
  setMeasuredDimension(widthSpecSize,mHeight);
 }
 }

 @Override
 protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
 super.onDraw(canvas);

 final int paddingLeft = getPaddingLeft();
 final int paddingRight = getPaddingRight();
 final int paddingTop = getPaddingTop();
 final int paddingBottom = getPaddingBottom();
 int width = getWidth() - paddingLeft - paddingRight;
 int height = getHeight() - paddingBottom - paddingTop;

 //畫默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán)
 float radius = (float)Math.min(width,height)/2.0f;//中心坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)
 mPaint.setColor(roundColor);
 mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);//描邊
 mPaint.setStrokeWidth(roundWidth);//圓環(huán)邊的寬度
// if (style == STROKE){
//  mPaint.setStrokeWidth(roundWidth);//圓環(huán)邊的寬度
// }
 mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
 //(float cx, float cy, float radius, @NonNull Paint paint)
 canvas.drawCircle(paddingLeft+width/2,paddingTop+height/2,radius,mPaint);

 //畫進(jìn)度百分比
 mPaint.setColor(textColor);
 mPaint.setStrokeWidth(0);//圓環(huán)的寬度
 mPaint.setTextSize(textSize);
 mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD);

 int percent = (int)(progress/(float)max * 100);
 if(textShow && percent!=0 && style == STROKE){
  //(@NonNull String text, float x, float y, @NonNull Paint paint)
  canvas.drawText(percent+"%", (getWidth()-mPaint.measureText(percent+"%"))/2f,
   //y公式: float baselineY = centerY + (fontMetrics.bottom-fontMetrics.top)/2 - fontMetrics.bottom
   getWidth()/2f-(mPaint.descent()+mPaint.ascent())/2f,
   mPaint);
 }

 //畫圓弧
 //矩形區(qū)域,定義圓弧的形狀大小
 //(float left, float top, float right, float bottom)
 RectF oval = new RectF(paddingLeft, paddingTop, width+paddingLeft, height+paddingTop);
 mPaint.setColor(roundProgressColor);
 mPaint.setStrokeWidth(roundWidth);//圓環(huán)邊的寬度
 switch (style){
  case STROKE:
  mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
  //(@NonNull RectF oval, float startAngle, float sweepAngle, boolean useCenter,@NonNull Paint paint)
  //useCenter:設(shè)置圓弧在繪畫的時(shí)候,是否經(jīng)過圓形
  canvas.drawArc(oval , 0, 360*progress/max, false, mPaint);
  break;
  case FILL:
  mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL_AND_STROKE);
  if(progress!=0)
   canvas.drawArc(oval , 0, 360*progress/max, true, mPaint);
  break;
  default:
  break;
 }

 }

 public void setProgressWidth(int width) {
 mWidth = width;
 }

 public void setProgressHeight(int height) {
 mHeight = height;
 }

 public synchronized void setMax(int max) {
 if (max < 0) {
  throw new IllegalArgumentException("max不能小于0");
 }
 this.max = max;
 }

 public void setRoundColor(int roundColor) {
 this.roundColor = roundColor;
 }

 public void setRoundWidth(float roundWidth) {
 this.roundWidth = roundWidth;
 }

 public void setRoundProgressColor(int roundProgressColor) {
 this.roundProgressColor = roundProgressColor;
 }

 public void setTextSize(float textSize) {
 this.textSize = textSize;
 }

 public void setTextColor(int textColor) {
 this.textColor = textColor;
 }

 public void setTextShow(boolean textShow) {
 this.textShow = textShow;
 }

 public synchronized void setProgress(int progress) {
 if (progress < 0) {
  throw new IllegalArgumentException("progress不能小于0");
 }
 if (progress > max) {
  progress = max;
 }
 if (progress <= max) {
  this.progress = progress;
  postInvalidate();
 }
 }

 public synchronized int getMax() {
 return max;
 }

 public int getRoundColor() {
 return roundColor;
 }

 public float getRoundWidth() {
 return roundWidth;
 }

 public int getRoundProgressColor() {
 return roundProgressColor;
 }

 public int getTextColor() {
 return textColor;
 }

 public boolean isTextShow() {
 return textShow;
 }

 public synchronized int getProgress() {
 return progress;
 }
}

流程:初始化的時(shí)候會(huì)拿到自定義屬性,然后onMeasure方法中測(cè)量控件的寬和高,該方法主要處理了LayoutParams的wrap_content,當(dāng)wrap_content時(shí),默認(rèn)設(shè)置默認(rèn)寬/高,而不是讓控件占據(jù)整個(gè)屏幕,需要調(diào)用setMeasuredDimension方法測(cè)量。最后測(cè)量得到了控件的寬/高,調(diào)用onDraw方法將界面繪制到屏幕上,在onDraw方法繪制的時(shí)需要考慮padding的情況,如果不做padding處理,則padding將不起作用。

onDraw繪制流程:先繪制一個(gè)默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán),然后在圓中心繪制百分比的文本,最后再繪制一個(gè)進(jìn)度圓環(huán),進(jìn)度圓環(huán)會(huì)覆蓋底部的默認(rèn)大圓環(huán),這樣就達(dá)到顯示進(jìn)度的情況。

設(shè)置好畫筆之后,使用canvas.drawCircle繪制默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán),再次設(shè)置畫筆,使用canvas.drawText方法繪制文本;畫圓弧時(shí)需要定義一個(gè)矩形區(qū)域RectF,通過canvas.drawArc方法繪制。

繪制好之后,如何讓用戶看到進(jìn)度條在變化呢?其實(shí)就是通過setProgress方法里面的postInvalidate()方法,該方法會(huì)刷新界面,刷新界面時(shí)會(huì)調(diào)用onDraw,這樣就可以將進(jìn)度畫到屏幕上,進(jìn)度條不停的在變化。

使用

XML中使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 tools:context="com.main.paint.PaintActivity">

 <com.main.paint.CustomProgressBar
 android:id="@+id/progressbar"
 android:layout_width="200dp"
 android:layout_height="200dp"
 app:roundProgressColor="#FF0000"
 app:roundWidth="2dp"
 app:textColor="#FF0000"
 app:
 android:padding="30dp"
 app:textSize="20dp"/>

 <com.main.paint.CustomProgressBar
 android:id="@+id/progressbar01"
 android:layout_width="200dp"
 android:layout_height="200dp"
 app:roundProgressColor="#FF0000"
 app:roundWidth="2dp"
 app:textColor="#FF0000"
 app:
 android:padding="30dp"
 app:textSize="20dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

Activity代碼如下:

public class PaintActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

 private CustomProgressBar mCustomProgressBar;
 private CustomProgressBar mCustomProgressBar01;
 private int progress;

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 setContentView(R.layout.activity_paint);
 mCustomProgressBar = (CustomProgressBar)this.findViewById(R.id.progressbar);
 mCustomProgressBar.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

  @Override
  public void onClick(View v) {
  new Thread(new Runnable() {


   @Override
   public void run() {
   progress = 0;
   while (progress <= 100) {
    progress += 2;
    mCustomProgressBar.setProgress(progress);
    try {
    Thread.sleep(100);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
   }
  }).start();
  }
 });


 mCustomProgressBar01 = (CustomProgressBar)this.findViewById(R.id.progressbar01);
 mCustomProgressBar01.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  @Override
  public void onClick(View v) {
  new Thread(new Runnable() {


   @Override
   public void run() {
   progress = 0;
   while (progress <= 100) {
    progress += 2;
    mCustomProgressBar01.setProgress(progress);
    try {
    Thread.sleep(100);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
   }
  }).start();
  }
 });
 }
}

這樣就完成了一個(gè)自定義的進(jìn)度條控件,并且在onDraw方法中使用Paint將界面繪制出來。讀者可以自行實(shí)踐一把,加深對(duì)Paint的理解。

總結(jié)

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