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前言
View的三大流程:測(cè)量,布局,繪制,自定義View學(xué)的是啥?無非就兩種:繪制文字和繪制圖像。
我們?cè)谏弦黄恼隆禔ndroid繪圖之Paint的使用》中學(xué)習(xí)了Paint的基本用法,但是具體的應(yīng)用我們還沒有實(shí)踐過。從標(biāo)題中可知,本文是帶領(lǐng)讀者使用Paint,自定義一個(gè)進(jìn)度條控件。
效果圖
上圖就是本文要實(shí)現(xiàn)的效果圖。
實(shí)現(xiàn)過程
既然是自定義控件,本文的該控件是直接繼承View,然后重寫View的onMeasure和onDraw方法來實(shí)現(xiàn)。其中onMeasure主要作用是測(cè)量控件的寬/高。而onDraw則是將界面繪制到屏幕上。
從效果的效果上看,我們需要自定義一些屬性,如:進(jìn)度度條的顏色、圓邊框的顏色、圓邊框的寬度和文本的大小等等。
具體的自定義屬性請(qǐng)看下面attrs.xml的代碼:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <declare-styleable name="CustomProgressBar"> <attr name="roundProgressColor" format="color"></attr> <attr name="roundColor" format="color"></attr> <attr name="roundWidth" format="dimension"></attr> <attr name="textSize" format="dimension"></attr> <attr name="textColor" format="color"></attr> <attr name="max" format="integer"></attr> <attr name="textShow" format="boolean"></attr> <attr name="style"> <enum name="STROKE" value="0"></enum> <enum name="FILL" value="1"></enum> </attr> </declare-styleable> </resources>
接下來看本文的最重要部分,也就是自定義View
public class CustomProgressBar extends View { private int max = 100;//總進(jìn)度 private int roundColor = Color.RED;//進(jìn)度圓弧的顏色 private float roundWidth = 10;//圓邊框?qū)挾? private int roundProgressColor = Color.BLUE;//默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán)邊框顏色 private float textSize = 55;//文本大小 private int textColor = Color.GREEN;//文本默認(rèn)顏色 private boolean textShow = true;//是否展示文本 public static final int STROKE = 0;//描邊 public static final int FILL = 1;//填充 private int style = STROKE;//默認(rèn)描邊 private int progress;//進(jìn)度 private Paint mPaint; private int mWidth = 200;//默認(rèn)控件寬度,wrap_content時(shí)候使用 private int mHeight = 200;//默認(rèn)控件高度,wrap_content時(shí)候使用 public CustomProgressBar(Context context) { this(context, null); } public CustomProgressBar(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(context, attrs); } private void init(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { mPaint = new Paint(); if (attrs != null) { TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomProgressBar); max = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_max, 100); roundColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_roundColor, Color.BLUE); roundProgressColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_roundProgressColor, Color.BLUE); textColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_textColor, Color.GREEN); textSize = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_textSize, 55); roundWidth = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_roundWidth, 10); textShow = typedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_textShow, true); style = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable.CustomProgressBar_style, 0); typedArray.recycle(); } } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); int widthSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); int widthSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec); int heightSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec); int heightSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec); if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST && heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){ setMeasuredDimension(mWidth,mHeight); }else if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){ setMeasuredDimension(mWidth,heightSpecSize); }else if (heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){ setMeasuredDimension(widthSpecSize,mHeight); } } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); final int paddingLeft = getPaddingLeft(); final int paddingRight = getPaddingRight(); final int paddingTop = getPaddingTop(); final int paddingBottom = getPaddingBottom(); int width = getWidth() - paddingLeft - paddingRight; int height = getHeight() - paddingBottom - paddingTop; //畫默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán) float radius = (float)Math.min(width,height)/2.0f;//中心坐標(biāo)點(diǎn) mPaint.setColor(roundColor); mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);//描邊 mPaint.setStrokeWidth(roundWidth);//圓環(huán)邊的寬度 // if (style == STROKE){ // mPaint.setStrokeWidth(roundWidth);//圓環(huán)邊的寬度 // } mPaint.setAntiAlias(true); //(float cx, float cy, float radius, @NonNull Paint paint) canvas.drawCircle(paddingLeft+width/2,paddingTop+height/2,radius,mPaint); //畫進(jìn)度百分比 mPaint.setColor(textColor); mPaint.setStrokeWidth(0);//圓環(huán)的寬度 mPaint.setTextSize(textSize); mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD); int percent = (int)(progress/(float)max * 100); if(textShow && percent!=0 && style == STROKE){ //(@NonNull String text, float x, float y, @NonNull Paint paint) canvas.drawText(percent+"%", (getWidth()-mPaint.measureText(percent+"%"))/2f, //y公式: float baselineY = centerY + (fontMetrics.bottom-fontMetrics.top)/2 - fontMetrics.bottom getWidth()/2f-(mPaint.descent()+mPaint.ascent())/2f, mPaint); } //畫圓弧 //矩形區(qū)域,定義圓弧的形狀大小 //(float left, float top, float right, float bottom) RectF oval = new RectF(paddingLeft, paddingTop, width+paddingLeft, height+paddingTop); mPaint.setColor(roundProgressColor); mPaint.setStrokeWidth(roundWidth);//圓環(huán)邊的寬度 switch (style){ case STROKE: mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); //(@NonNull RectF oval, float startAngle, float sweepAngle, boolean useCenter,@NonNull Paint paint) //useCenter:設(shè)置圓弧在繪畫的時(shí)候,是否經(jīng)過圓形 canvas.drawArc(oval , 0, 360*progress/max, false, mPaint); break; case FILL: mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL_AND_STROKE); if(progress!=0) canvas.drawArc(oval , 0, 360*progress/max, true, mPaint); break; default: break; } } public void setProgressWidth(int width) { mWidth = width; } public void setProgressHeight(int height) { mHeight = height; } public synchronized void setMax(int max) { if (max < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("max不能小于0"); } this.max = max; } public void setRoundColor(int roundColor) { this.roundColor = roundColor; } public void setRoundWidth(float roundWidth) { this.roundWidth = roundWidth; } public void setRoundProgressColor(int roundProgressColor) { this.roundProgressColor = roundProgressColor; } public void setTextSize(float textSize) { this.textSize = textSize; } public void setTextColor(int textColor) { this.textColor = textColor; } public void setTextShow(boolean textShow) { this.textShow = textShow; } public synchronized void setProgress(int progress) { if (progress < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("progress不能小于0"); } if (progress > max) { progress = max; } if (progress <= max) { this.progress = progress; postInvalidate(); } } public synchronized int getMax() { return max; } public int getRoundColor() { return roundColor; } public float getRoundWidth() { return roundWidth; } public int getRoundProgressColor() { return roundProgressColor; } public int getTextColor() { return textColor; } public boolean isTextShow() { return textShow; } public synchronized int getProgress() { return progress; } }
流程:初始化的時(shí)候會(huì)拿到自定義屬性,然后onMeasure方法中測(cè)量控件的寬和高,該方法主要處理了LayoutParams的wrap_content,當(dāng)wrap_content時(shí),默認(rèn)設(shè)置默認(rèn)寬/高,而不是讓控件占據(jù)整個(gè)屏幕,需要調(diào)用setMeasuredDimension方法測(cè)量。最后測(cè)量得到了控件的寬/高,調(diào)用onDraw方法將界面繪制到屏幕上,在onDraw方法繪制的時(shí)需要考慮padding的情況,如果不做padding處理,則padding將不起作用。
onDraw繪制流程:先繪制一個(gè)默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán),然后在圓中心繪制百分比的文本,最后再繪制一個(gè)進(jìn)度圓環(huán),進(jìn)度圓環(huán)會(huì)覆蓋底部的默認(rèn)大圓環(huán),這樣就達(dá)到顯示進(jìn)度的情況。
設(shè)置好畫筆之后,使用canvas.drawCircle
繪制默認(rèn)的大圓環(huán),再次設(shè)置畫筆,使用canvas.drawText
方法繪制文本;畫圓弧時(shí)需要定義一個(gè)矩形區(qū)域RectF,通過canvas.drawArc
方法繪制。
繪制好之后,如何讓用戶看到進(jìn)度條在變化呢?其實(shí)就是通過setProgress方法里面的postInvalidate()
方法,該方法會(huì)刷新界面,刷新界面時(shí)會(huì)調(diào)用onDraw,這樣就可以將進(jìn)度畫到屏幕上,進(jìn)度條不停的在變化。
使用
XML中使用
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context="com.main.paint.PaintActivity"> <com.main.paint.CustomProgressBar android:id="@+id/progressbar" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="200dp" app:roundProgressColor="#FF0000" app:roundWidth="2dp" app:textColor="#FF0000" app: android:padding="30dp" app:textSize="20dp"/> <com.main.paint.CustomProgressBar android:id="@+id/progressbar01" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="200dp" app:roundProgressColor="#FF0000" app:roundWidth="2dp" app:textColor="#FF0000" app: android:padding="30dp" app:textSize="20dp"/> </LinearLayout>
Activity代碼如下:
public class PaintActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private CustomProgressBar mCustomProgressBar; private CustomProgressBar mCustomProgressBar01; private int progress; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_paint); mCustomProgressBar = (CustomProgressBar)this.findViewById(R.id.progressbar); mCustomProgressBar.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { progress = 0; while (progress <= 100) { progress += 2; mCustomProgressBar.setProgress(progress); try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); } }); mCustomProgressBar01 = (CustomProgressBar)this.findViewById(R.id.progressbar01); mCustomProgressBar01.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { progress = 0; while (progress <= 100) { progress += 2; mCustomProgressBar01.setProgress(progress); try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); } }); } }
這樣就完成了一個(gè)自定義的進(jìn)度條控件,并且在onDraw方法中使用Paint將界面繪制出來。讀者可以自行實(shí)踐一把,加深對(duì)Paint的理解。
總結(jié)
以上就是這篇文章的全部?jī)?nèi)容了,希望本文的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,如果有疑問大家可以留言交流,謝謝大家對(duì)億速云的支持。
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