Android中WebView的基本配置與填坑記錄大全

// 硬件加速
getActivity().getWindow().setFlags(
 WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED,
 WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED);
// WebView 配置
WebSettings webSettings = mWebView.getSettings();
// 生命周期
mWebView.onPause(); // 通過 onPause 動(dòng)作通知內(nèi)核暫停所有的動(dòng)作，如 DOM 的解析、plugin 的執(zhí)行、JavaScript 執(zhí)行等
mWebView.onResume(); // 恢復(fù) WebView，能正常執(zhí)行網(wǎng)頁的響應(yīng)
((ViewGroup) mWebView.getParent()).removeView(mWebView);
mWebView.destroy(); // 當(dāng) Activity 要 destroy 時(shí)，應(yīng)先將 WebView 移除，再 destroy 掉
// 前進(jìn)后退
if (mWebView.canGoBack()) {
 mWebView.goBack();
}
if (mWebView.canGoForward()) {
 mWebView.goForward();
}
// 緩存相關(guān)
mWebView.clearCache(true); // 清除緩存
mWebView.clearHistory(); // 清除歷史
mWebView.clearFormData(); // 清除表單數(shù)據(jù)
webSettings.setCacheMode(WebSettings.LOAD_NO_CACHE);// 設(shè)置緩存模式
// 緩存模式
LOAD_DEFAULT: 默認(rèn)，根據(jù) cache-control 決定是否從網(wǎng)絡(luò)上取數(shù)據(jù)
LOAD_NORMAL: API level 17 中已經(jīng)廢棄, 從API level 11開始作用同 LOAD_DEFAULT 模式
LOAD_CACHE_ELSE_NETWORK: 只要本地有，無論是否過期，或者 no-cache，都使用緩存中的數(shù)據(jù)
LOAD_NO_CACHE: 不使用緩存，只從網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取數(shù)據(jù)
LOAD_CACHE_ONLY: 不使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，只讀取本地緩存數(shù)據(jù)
// js 相關(guān)
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true); // 支持 js。如果碰到后臺(tái)無法釋放 js 導(dǎo)致耗電，應(yīng)在 onStop 和 onResume 里分別設(shè)成 false 和 true 
mWebView.addJavascriptInterface(new WebAppInterface(this), "android"); // js 接口
webSettings.setPluginsEnabled(true); // 支持插件
// 設(shè)置自適應(yīng)屏幕，兩者合用
webSettings.setUseWideViewPort(true); // 將圖片調(diào)整到適合 WebView 的大小 
webSettings.setLoadWithOverviewMode(true); // 縮放至屏幕的大小
// 縮放操作
webSettings.setSupportZoom(true); // 支持縮放，默認(rèn)為 true
webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true); // 設(shè)置內(nèi)置的縮放控件，若為 false，則該 WebView 不可縮放
webSettings.setDisplayZoomControls(false); // 隱藏原生的縮放控件

mWebView.setWebViewClient(new MyWebViewClient());

mWebView.setWebChromeClient(new MyWebChromeClient());

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
 webView.getSettings().setMixedContentMode(WebSettings.MIXED_CONTENT_ALWAYS_ALLOW);
}

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
 mWebView.removeJavascriptInterface("searchBoxJavaBridge_");
 mWebView.removeJavascriptInterface("accessibility");
 mWebView.removeJavascriptInterface("accessibilityTraversal");
}

webSettings.setSavePassword(false);

@Override
public void onReceivedError(WebView view, int errorCode, String description, String failingUrl) {
 super.onReceivedError(view, errorCode, description, failingUrl);
 showCustErrorPage();
}

private View mErrorView;
protected void showCustErrorPage() {
 // 移除WebView
 ViewGroup webParentView = (ViewGroup) mWebViewInstance.getParent();
 while (webParentView.getChildCount() > 0) {
 webParentView.removeViewAt(0);
 }
 // 生成自定義錯(cuò)誤頁面
 if (mErrorView == null) {
 mErrorView = View.inflate(mContext, R.layout.webview_error, null);
 mErrorView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  public void onClick(View v) {
  showWebViewPage();
  mWebViewInstance.reload();
  }
 });
 }
 // 替換為錯(cuò)誤頁面
 ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(
  ViewPager.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, ViewPager.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);
 webParentView.addView(mErrorView, 0, lp);
}
protected void showWebViewPage() {
 // 移除自定義錯(cuò)誤頁面
 ViewGroup webParentView = (ViewGroup) mErrorView.getParent();
 while (webParentView.getChildCount() > 0) {
 webParentView.removeViewAt(0);
 }
 // 替換為WebView
 ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(
  ViewPager.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, ViewPager.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);
 webParentView.addView(mWebViewInstance, 0, lp);
}

public void releaseAllWebViewCallback() {
  if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 16) {
   try {
    Field field = WebView.class.getDeclaredField("mWebViewCore");
    field = field.getType().getDeclaredField("mBrowserFrame");
    field = field.getType().getDeclaredField("sConfigCallback");
    field.setAccessible(true);
    field.set(null, null);
   } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
    if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
  } else {
   try {
    Field sConfigCallback = Class.forName("android.webkit.BrowserFrame").getDeclaredField("sConfigCallback");
    if (sConfigCallback != null) {
     sConfigCallback.setAccessible(true);
     sConfigCallback.set(null, null);
    }
   } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
    if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
    if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
  }
 }

public void updateCookies(String url, String value) {
  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD_MR1) { // 2.3及以下
   CookieSyncManager.createInstance(getContext().getApplicationContext());
  }
  CookieManager cookieManager = CookieManager.getInstance();
  cookieManager.setAcceptCookie(true);
  cookieManager.setCookie(url, value);
  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD_MR1) {
   CookieSyncManager.getInstance().sync();
  }
 }