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RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于訪問Rest服務的客戶端,RestTemplate提供了多種便捷訪問遠程Http服務的方法,能夠大大提高客戶端的編寫效率。前面的博客中https://www.jb51.net/article/132885.htm,已經(jīng)使用Jersey客戶端來實現(xiàn)了消費spring boot的Restful服務,接下來,我們使用RestTemplate來消費前面示例中的Restful服務,前面的示例:
springboot整合H2內(nèi)存數(shù)據(jù)庫,實現(xiàn)單元測試與數(shù)據(jù)庫無關(guān)性
該示例提供的Restful服務如下:http://localhost:7900/user/1
{"id":1,"username":"user1","name":"張三","age":20,"balance":100.00}
pom文件依賴如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.chhliu.springboot.restful</groupId> <artifactId>springboot-rest-template</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>springboot-rest-template</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot RestTemplate</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.7</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 熱啟動,熱部署依賴包,為了調(diào)試方便,加入此包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
由于我們使用RestTemplate調(diào)用Restful服務后,需要將對應的json串轉(zhuǎn)換成User對象,所以需要將這個類拷貝到該工程中,如下:
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo; import java.math.BigDecimal; public class User { private Long id; private String username; private String name; private Short age; private BigDecimal balance; // ……省略getter和setter方法 /** * attention: * Details:TODO * @author chhliu * 創(chuàng)建時間:2017-1-20 下午2:05:45 * @return */ @Override public String toString() { return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", balance=" + balance + "]"; } }
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User; @RestController public class RestTemplateController { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/template/{id}") public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) { // http://localhost:7900/user/是前面服務的對應的url User u = this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:7900/user/" + id, User.class); System.out.println(u); return u; } }
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootRestTemplateApplication { // 啟動的時候要注意,由于我們在controller中注入了RestTemplate,所以啟動的時候需要實例化該類的一個實例 @Autowired private RestTemplateBuilder builder; // 使用RestTemplateBuilder來實例化RestTemplate對象,spring默認已經(jīng)注入了RestTemplateBuilder實例 @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { return builder.build(); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRestTemplateApplication.class, args); } }
在瀏覽器中輸入:http://localhost:7902/template/1
測試結(jié)果如下:
控制臺打印結(jié)果:
User [id=1, username=user1, name=張三, age=20, balance=100.00]
通過上面的測試,說明我們已經(jīng)成功的調(diào)用了spring boot的Restful服務。
上面的測試中,有一個很不好的地方,
User u = this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:7900/user/" + id, User.class);
此處出現(xiàn)了硬編碼,當服務器地址改變的時候,需要改動對應的代碼,改進的方法,將Restful服務的地址寫到配置文件中。
修改controller如下:
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User; @RestController public class RestTemplateController { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; // Restful服務對應的url地址 @Value("${user.userServicePath}") private String userServicePath; @GetMapping("/template/{id}") public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) { User u = this.restTemplate.getForObject(this.userServicePath + id, User.class); System.out.println(u); return u; } }
配置文件修改如下:
server.port:7902 user.userServicePath=http://localhost:7900/user/
啟動程序:
發(fā)現(xiàn)測試是ok的,后面我們會引入spring cloud對這種調(diào)用方式進行進一步的改進!
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持億速云。
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