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這篇文章主要介紹了SpringCloud Gateway之過濾器GatewayFilter有什么用,具有一定借鑒價值,感興趣的朋友可以參考下,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后大有收獲,下面讓小編帶著大家一起了解一下。
在Spring-Cloud-Gateway之請求處理流程文中我們了解最終網(wǎng)關是將請求交給過濾器鏈表進行處理,接下來我們閱讀Spring-Cloud-Gateway的整個過濾器類結構以及主要功能
通過源碼可以看到Spring-Cloud-Gateway的filter包中吉接口有如下三個,GatewayFilter,GlobalFilter,GatewayFilterChain,下來我依次閱讀接口的主要實現(xiàn)功能。
GatewayFilterChain
類圖
代碼
/** * 網(wǎng)關過濾鏈表接口 * 用于過濾器的鏈式調(diào)用 * Contract to allow a {@link WebFilter} to delegate to the next in the chain. * * @author Rossen Stoyanchev * @since 5.0 */ public interface GatewayFilterChain { /** * 鏈表啟動調(diào)用入口方法 * Delegate to the next {@code WebFilter} in the chain. * @param exchange the current server exchange * @return {@code Mono<Void>} to indicate when request handling is complete */ Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange); }
/** * 網(wǎng)關過濾的鏈表,用于過濾器的鏈式調(diào)用 * 過濾器鏈表接口的默認實現(xiàn), * 包含2個構建函數(shù): * 1.集合參數(shù)構建用于初始化吧構建鏈表 * 2. index,parent參數(shù)用于構建當前執(zhí)行過濾對應的下次執(zhí)行的鏈表 */ private static class DefaultGatewayFilterChain implements GatewayFilterChain { /** * 當前過濾執(zhí)行過濾器在集合中索引 */ private final int index; /** * 過濾器集合 */ private final List<GatewayFilter> filters; public DefaultGatewayFilterChain(List<GatewayFilter> filters) { this.filters = filters; this.index = 0; } /** * 構建 * @param parent 上一個執(zhí)行過濾器對應的FilterChain * @param index 當前要執(zhí)行過濾器的索引 */ private DefaultGatewayFilterChain(DefaultGatewayFilterChain parent, int index) { this.filters = parent.getFilters(); this.index = index; } public List<GatewayFilter> getFilters() { return filters; } /** * @param exchange the current server exchange * @return */ @Override public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange) { return Mono.defer(() -> { if (this.index < filters.size()) { //獲取當前索引的過濾器 GatewayFilter filter = filters.get(this.index); //構建當前索引的下一個過濾器的FilterChain DefaultGatewayFilterChain chain = new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(this, this.index + 1); //調(diào)用過濾器的filter方法執(zhí)行過濾器 return filter.filter(exchange, chain); } else { //當前索引大于等于過濾集合大小,標識所有鏈表都已執(zhí)行完畢,返回空 return Mono.empty(); // complete } }); } }
過濾器的GatewayFilterChain 執(zhí)行順序
通過GatewayFilter集合構建頂層的GatewayFilterChain
調(diào)用頂層GatewayFilterChain,獲取第一個Filter,并創(chuàng)建下一個Filter索引對應的GatewayFilterChain
調(diào)用filter的filter方法執(zhí)行當前filter,并將下次要執(zhí)行的filter對應GatewayFilterChain傳入。
GatewayFilter
類圖
/** * 網(wǎng)關路由過濾器, * Contract for interception-style, chained processing of Web requests that may * be used to implement cross-cutting, application-agnostic requirements such * as security, timeouts, and others. Specific to a Gateway * * Copied from WebFilter * * @author Rossen Stoyanchev * @since 5.0 */ public interface GatewayFilter extends ShortcutConfigurable { String NAME_KEY = "name"; String VALUE_KEY = "value"; /** * 過濾器執(zhí)行方法 * Process the Web request and (optionally) delegate to the next * {@code WebFilter} through the given {@link GatewayFilterChain}. * @param exchange the current server exchange * @param chain provides a way to delegate to the next filter * @return {@code Mono<Void>} to indicate when request processing is complete */ Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain); }
網(wǎng)關過濾器接口,有且只有一個方法filter,執(zhí)行當前過濾器,并在此方法中決定過濾器鏈表是否繼續(xù)往下執(zhí)行,接下來我們看下幾個主要的功能實現(xiàn)類
OrderedGatewayFilter
/** * 排序的網(wǎng)關路由過濾器,用于包裝真實的網(wǎng)關過濾器,已達到過濾器可排序 * @author Spencer Gibb */ public class OrderedGatewayFilter implements GatewayFilter, Ordered { //目標過濾器 private final GatewayFilter delegate; //排序字段 private final int order; public OrderedGatewayFilter(GatewayFilter delegate, int order) { this.delegate = delegate; this.order = order; } @Override public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { return this.delegate.filter(exchange, chain); } }
OrderedGatewayFilter實現(xiàn)類主要目的是為了將目標過濾器包裝成可排序的對象類型。是目標過濾器的包裝類
GatewayFilterAdapter
/** * 全局過濾器的包裝類,將全局路由包裝成統(tǒng)一的網(wǎng)關過濾器 */ private static class GatewayFilterAdapter implements GatewayFilter { /** * 全局過濾器 */ private final GlobalFilter delegate; public GatewayFilterAdapter(GlobalFilter delegate) { this.delegate = delegate; } @Override public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { return this.delegate.filter(exchange, chain); } }
GatewayFilterAdapter實現(xiàn)類主要目的是為了將GlobalFilter過濾器包裝成GatewayFilter類型的對應。是GlobalFilter過濾器的包裝類
GlobalFilter
GlobalFilter 為請求業(yè)務以及路由的URI轉換為真實業(yè)務服務的請求地址的核心過濾器,不需要配置,模式系統(tǒng)初始化時加載,并作用在每個路由上。
初始化加載,通過GatewayAutoConfiguration自動創(chuàng)建
GatewayAutoConfiguration 類
/** * 全局過濾器,用戶通過HttpClient轉發(fā)請求 * @param httpClient * @param headersFilters * @return */ @Bean public NettyRoutingFilter routingFilter(HttpClient httpClient, ObjectProvider<List<HttpHeadersFilter>> headersFilters) { return new NettyRoutingFilter(httpClient, headersFilters); } /** * 全局的過濾器,用戶將HttpClient客戶端轉發(fā)請求的響應寫入到原始的請求響應中 * @param properties * @return */ @Bean public NettyWriteResponseFilter nettyWriteResponseFilter(GatewayProperties properties) { return new NettyWriteResponseFilter(properties.getStreamingMediaTypes()); }
GatewayLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration 類
/** * 全局過濾器,用于在通過負載均衡客戶端選擇服務實例信息 * @param client * @return */ @Bean @ConditionalOnBean(LoadBalancerClient.class) public LoadBalancerClientFilter loadBalancerClientFilter(LoadBalancerClient client) { return new LoadBalancerClientFilter(client); }
GlobalFilter轉換成GatewayFilter,并作用于每個路由上,在FilteringWebHandler實現(xiàn)
FilteringWebHandler類
/** * 包裝加載全局的過濾器,將全局過濾器包裝成GatewayFilter * @param filters * @return */ private static List<GatewayFilter> loadFilters(List<GlobalFilter> filters) { return filters.stream() .map(filter -> { //將所有的全局過濾器包裝成網(wǎng)關過濾器 GatewayFilterAdapter gatewayFilter = new GatewayFilterAdapter(filter); //判斷全局過濾器是否實現(xiàn)了可排序接口 if (filter instanceof Ordered) { int order = ((Ordered) filter).getOrder(); //包裝成可排序的網(wǎng)關過濾器 return new OrderedGatewayFilter(gatewayFilter, order); } return gatewayFilter; }).collect(Collectors.toList()); } @Override public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange) { //獲取請求上下文設置的路由實例 Route route = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR); //獲取路由定義下的網(wǎng)關過濾器集合 List<GatewayFilter> gatewayFilters = route.getFilters(); //組合全局的過濾器與路由配置的過濾器 List<GatewayFilter> combined = new ArrayList<>(this.globalFilters); //添加路由配置過濾器到集合尾部 combined.addAll(gatewayFilters); //對過濾器進行排序 //TODO: needed or cached? AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(combined); logger.debug("Sorted gatewayFilterFactories: "+ combined); //創(chuàng)建過濾器鏈表對其進行鏈式調(diào)用 return new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(combined).filter(exchange); }
loadFilters方法是將全局路由使用GatewayFilterAdapter包裝成GatewayFilter
handle方法
獲取當前請求使用的路由Route
獲取路由配置的過濾器集合route.getFilters()
合并全過濾器與路由配置過濾器combined
對過濾器排序AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort
通過過濾器集合構建頂級鏈表DefaultGatewayFilterChain,并對其當前請求調(diào)用鏈表的filter方法。
==備注==:
Spring-Cloud-Gateway的過濾器接口分為兩種:
GlobalFilter : 全局過濾器,不需要在配置文件中配置,作用在所有的路由上,最終通過GatewayFilterAdapter包裝成GatewayFilterChain可識別的過濾器
GatewayFilter : 需要通過spring.cloud.routes.filters 配置在具體路由下,只作用在當前路由上或通過spring.cloud.default-filters配置在全局,作用在所有路由上
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