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小編給大家分享一下Android實(shí)現(xiàn)藍(lán)牙BlueTooth設(shè)備檢測(cè)連接的方法，相信大部分人都還不怎么了解，因此分享這篇文章給大家參考一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大有收獲，下面讓我們一起去了解一下吧！
無(wú)論是WIFI還是4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，建立網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接后都是訪問(wèn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源，并不能直接訪問(wèn)局域網(wǎng)資源。比如兩個(gè)人在一起，A要把手機(jī)上的視頻傳給B，通常情況是打開(kāi)手機(jī)QQ，通過(guò)QQ傳送文件給對(duì)方。不過(guò)上傳視頻很耗流量，如果現(xiàn)場(chǎng)沒(méi)有可用的WIFI，手機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)流量又不足，那又該怎么辦呢？為了解決這種鄰近傳輸文件的問(wèn)題，藍(lán)牙技術(shù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。藍(lán)牙技術(shù)是一種無(wú)線技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)備之間的短距離數(shù)據(jù)交換。
Android為藍(lán)牙技術(shù)提供了4個(gè)工具類，分別是藍(lán)牙適配器BluetoothAdapter、藍(lán)牙設(shè)備BluetoothDevice、藍(lán)牙服務(wù)端套接字BluetoothServerSocket和藍(lán)牙客戶端套接字BluetoothSocket。
藍(lán)牙適配器BluetoothAdapter
BluetoothAdapter的作用其實(shí)跟其它的**Manger差不多，可以把它當(dāng)作藍(lán)牙管理器。下面是BluetoothAdapter的常用方法說(shuō)明。
getDefaultAdapter：靜態(tài)方法，獲取默認(rèn)的藍(lán)牙適配器對(duì)象；
enable：打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙功能；
disable：關(guān)閉藍(lán)牙功能；
isEnable：判斷藍(lán)牙功能是否打開(kāi)；
startDiscovery：開(kāi)始搜索周圍的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備；
cancelDiscovery：取消搜索操作；
isDiscovering：判斷當(dāng)前是否正在搜索設(shè)備；
getBondedDevices：獲取已綁定的設(shè)備列表；
setName：設(shè)置本機(jī)的藍(lán)牙名稱；
getName：獲取本機(jī)的藍(lán)牙名稱；
getAddress：獲取本機(jī)的藍(lán)牙地址；
getRemoteDevice：根據(jù)藍(lán)牙地址獲取遠(yuǎn)程的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備；
getState：獲取本地藍(lán)牙適配器的狀態(tài)；
listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord：根據(jù)名稱和UUID創(chuàng)建并返回BluetoothServiceSocket；
listenUsingRfcommOn：根據(jù)渠道編號(hào)創(chuàng)建并返回BluetoothServiceSocket。
藍(lán)牙設(shè)備BluetoothDevice
BluetoothDevice用于指代某個(gè)藍(lán)牙設(shè)備，通常表示對(duì)方設(shè)備。BluetoothAdapter管理的是本機(jī)藍(lán)牙設(shè)備。下面是BluetoothDevice的常用方法說(shuō)明。
getName：獲得該設(shè)備的名稱；
getAddress：獲得該設(shè)備的地址；
getBondState：獲得該設(shè)備的綁定狀態(tài)；
createBond：創(chuàng)建匹配對(duì)象；
createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord：根據(jù)UUID創(chuàng)建并返回一個(gè)BluetoothSocket。
藍(lán)牙服務(wù)器套接字BluetoothServiceSocket
BluetoothServiceSocket是服務(wù)端的Socket，用來(lái)接收客戶端的Socket連接請(qǐng)求。下面是常用的方法說(shuō)明。
accept：監(jiān)聽(tīng)外部的藍(lán)牙連接請(qǐng)求；
close：關(guān)閉服務(wù)端的藍(lán)牙監(jiān)聽(tīng)。
藍(lán)牙客戶端套接字BluetoothSocket
BluetoothSocket是客戶端的Socket，用于與對(duì)方設(shè)備進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)通信。下面是常用的方法說(shuō)明。
connect：建立藍(lán)牙的socket連接；
close：關(guān)閉藍(lán)牙的socket連接；
getInputStream：獲取socket連接的輸入流對(duì)象；
getOutputStream：獲取socket連接的輸出流對(duì)象；
getRemoteDevice：獲取遠(yuǎn)程設(shè)備信息。
layout\activity_bluetooth.xml界面布局代碼如下：界面布局代碼如下：
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="5dp"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal"> <CheckBox android:id="@+id/ck_bluetooth" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:button="@null" android:checked="false" android:drawableLeft="@drawable/ck_status_selector" android:text="藍(lán)牙" android:textColor="#ff000000" android:textSize="17sp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_discovery" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="right|center" android:textColor="#ff000000" android:textSize="17sp" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="40dp" android:orientation="horizontal"> <TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="4" android:gravity="center" android:text="名稱" android:textColor="#ff000000" android:textSize="17sp" /> <TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="5" android:gravity="center" android:text="地址" android:textColor="#ff000000" android:textSize="17sp" /> <TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="2" android:gravity="center" android:text="狀態(tài)" android:textColor="#ff000000" android:textSize="17sp" /> </LinearLayout> <ListView android:id="@+id/lv_bluetooth" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> </LinearLayout>
BluetoothActivity.java邏輯代碼如下：
package com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.CompoundButton;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.adapter.BlueListAdapter;
import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.bean.BlueDevice;
import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueAcceptTask;
import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueConnectTask;
import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueReceiveTask;
import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.util.BluetoothUtil;
import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.widget.InputDialogFragment;
public class BluetoothActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements
OnClickListener, OnItemClickListener, OnCheckedChangeListener,
BlueConnectTask.BlueConnectListener, InputDialogFragment.InputCallbacks, BlueAcceptTask.BlueAcceptListener {
private static final String TAG = "BluetoothActivity";
private CheckBox ck_bluetooth;
private TextView tv_discovery;
private ListView lv_bluetooth;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetooth;
private ArrayList<BlueDevice> mDeviceList = new ArrayList<BlueDevice>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_bluetooth);
bluetoothPermissions();
ck_bluetooth = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.ck_bluetooth);
tv_discovery = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_discovery);
lv_bluetooth = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_bluetooth);
if (BluetoothUtil.getBlueToothStatus(this) == true) {
ck_bluetooth.setChecked(true);
}
ck_bluetooth.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
tv_discovery.setOnClickListener(this);
mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (mBluetooth == null) {
Toast.makeText(this, "本機(jī)未找到藍(lán)牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
}
// 定義獲取基于地理位置的動(dòng)態(tài)權(quán)限
private void bluetoothPermissions() {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 1);
}
}
/**
* 重寫(xiě)onRequestPermissionsResult方法
* 獲取動(dòng)態(tài)權(quán)限請(qǐng)求的結(jié)果,再開(kāi)啟藍(lán)牙
*/
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (BluetoothUtil.getBlueToothStatus(this) == true) {
ck_bluetooth.setChecked(true);
}
ck_bluetooth.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
tv_discovery.setOnClickListener(this);
mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (mBluetooth == null) {
Toast.makeText(this, "本機(jī)未找到藍(lán)牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "用戶拒絕了權(quán)限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
@Override
public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
if (buttonView.getId() == R.id.ck_bluetooth) {
if (isChecked == true) {
beginDiscovery();
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
// 下面這行代碼為服務(wù)端需要，客戶端不需要
mHandler.postDelayed(mAccept, 1000);
} else {
cancelDiscovery();
BluetoothUtil.setBlueToothStatus(this, false);
mDeviceList.clear();
BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(this, mDeviceList);
lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);
}
}
}
private Runnable mAccept = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (mBluetooth.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) {
BlueAcceptTask acceptTask = new BlueAcceptTask(true);
acceptTask.setBlueAcceptListener(BluetoothActivity.this);
acceptTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);
} else {
mHandler.postDelayed(this, 1000);
}
}
};
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v.getId() == R.id.tv_discovery) {
beginDiscovery();
}
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);
if (requestCode == 1) {
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
Toast.makeText(this, "允許本地藍(lán)牙被附近的其它藍(lán)牙設(shè)備發(fā)現(xiàn)", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {
Toast.makeText(this, "不允許藍(lán)牙被附近的其它藍(lán)牙設(shè)備發(fā)現(xiàn)", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
private Runnable mRefresh = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
beginDiscovery();
mHandler.postDelayed(this, 2000);
}
};
private void beginDiscovery() {
if (mBluetooth.isDiscovering() != true) {
mDeviceList.clear();
BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(BluetoothActivity.this, mDeviceList);
lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);
tv_discovery.setText("正在搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備");
mBluetooth.startDiscovery();
}
}
private void cancelDiscovery() {
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRefresh);
tv_discovery.setText("取消搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備");
if (mBluetooth.isDiscovering() == true) {
mBluetooth.cancelDiscovery();
}
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
mHandler.postDelayed(mRefresh, 50);
blueReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
//需要過(guò)濾多個(gè)動(dòng)作，則調(diào)用IntentFilter對(duì)象的addAction添加新動(dòng)作
IntentFilter foundFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
foundFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
foundFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
registerReceiver(blueReceiver, foundFilter);
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
cancelDiscovery();
unregisterReceiver(blueReceiver);
}
private BluetoothReceiver blueReceiver;
private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
Log.d(TAG, "onReceive action=" + action);
// 獲得已經(jīng)搜索到的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備
if (action.equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND)) {
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
BlueDevice item = new BlueDevice(device.getName(), device.getAddress(), device.getBondState() - 10);
mDeviceList.add(item);
BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(BluetoothActivity.this, mDeviceList);
lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);
lv_bluetooth.setOnItemClickListener(BluetoothActivity.this);
} else if (action.equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED)) {
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRefresh);
tv_discovery.setText("藍(lán)牙設(shè)備搜索完成");
} else if (action.equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED)) {
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {
tv_discovery.setText("正在配對(duì)" + device.getName());
} else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
tv_discovery.setText("完成配對(duì)" + device.getName());
mHandler.postDelayed(mRefresh, 50);
} else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
tv_discovery.setText("取消配對(duì)" + device.getName());
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
cancelDiscovery();
BlueDevice item = mDeviceList.get(position);
BluetoothDevice device = mBluetooth.getRemoteDevice(item.address);
try {
if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");
Log.d(TAG, "開(kāi)始配對(duì)");
Boolean result = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);
} else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED &&
item.state != BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED) {
tv_discovery.setText("開(kāi)始連接");
BlueConnectTask connectTask = new BlueConnectTask(item.address);
connectTask.setBlueConnectListener(this);
connectTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, device);
} else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED &&
item.state == BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED) {
tv_discovery.setText("正在發(fā)送消息");
InputDialogFragment dialog = InputDialogFragment.newInstance(
"", 0, "請(qǐng)輸入要發(fā)送的消息");
String fragTag = getResources().getString(R.string.app_name);
dialog.show(getFragmentManager(), fragTag);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
tv_discovery.setText("配對(duì)異常：" + e.getMessage());
}
}
//向?qū)Ψ桨l(fā)送消息
@Override
public void onInput(String title, String message, int type) {
Log.d(TAG, "onInput message=" + message);
Log.d(TAG, "mBlueSocket is " + (mBlueSocket == null ? "null" : "not null"));
BluetoothUtil.writeOutputStream(mBlueSocket, message);
}
private BluetoothSocket mBlueSocket;
//客戶端主動(dòng)連接
@Override
public void onBlueConnect(String address, BluetoothSocket socket) {
mBlueSocket = socket;
tv_discovery.setText("連接成功");
refreshAddress(address);
}
//刷新已連接的狀態(tài)
private void refreshAddress(String address) {
for (int i = 0; i < mDeviceList.size(); i++) {
BlueDevice item = mDeviceList.get(i);
if (item.address.equals(address) == true) {
item.state = BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED;
mDeviceList.set(i, item);
}
}
BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(this, mDeviceList);
lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);
}
//服務(wù)端偵聽(tīng)到連接
@Override
public void onBlueAccept(BluetoothSocket socket) {
Log.d(TAG, "onBlueAccept socket is " + (socket == null ? "null" : "not null"));
if (socket != null) {
mBlueSocket = socket;
BluetoothDevice device = mBlueSocket.getRemoteDevice();
refreshAddress(device.getAddress());
BlueReceiveTask receive = new BlueReceiveTask(mBlueSocket, mHandler);
receive.start();
}
}
//收到對(duì)方發(fā)來(lái)的消息
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
if (msg.what == 0) {
byte[] readBuf = (byte[]) msg.obj;
String readMessage = new String(readBuf, 0, msg.arg1);
Log.d(TAG, "handleMessage readMessage=" + readMessage);
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(BluetoothActivity.this);
builder.setTitle("我收到消息啦").setMessage(readMessage).setPositiveButton("確定", null);
builder.create().show();
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if (mBlueSocket != null) {
try {
mBlueSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}添加藍(lán)牙所需的相應(yīng)權(quán)限：
<!-- 藍(lán)牙 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> <!--基于地理位置--> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
Demo程序運(yùn)行效果界面截圖如下：
以上是“Android實(shí)現(xiàn)藍(lán)牙BlueTooth設(shè)備檢測(cè)連接的方法”這篇文章的所有內(nèi)容，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家有所幫助，如果還想學(xué)習(xí)更多知識(shí)，歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道！
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