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這篇文章主要介紹Android怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)錄屏,文中介紹的非常詳細(xì),具有一定的參考價(jià)值,感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完!
Android是一種基于Linux內(nèi)核的自由及開放源代碼的操作系統(tǒng),主要使用于移動設(shè)備,如智能手機(jī)和平板電腦,由美國Google公司和開放手機(jī)聯(lián)盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)及開發(fā)。
本文總結(jié)三種用于安卓錄屏的解決方案:
adb shell命令screenrecord
MediaRecorder, MediaProjection
MediaProjection , MediaCodec和MediaMuxer
screenrecord命令
screenrecord是一個(gè)shell命令,支持Android4.4(API level 19)以上,錄制的視頻格式為mp4 ,存放到手機(jī)sd卡里,默認(rèn)錄制時(shí)間為180s
adb shell screenrecord --size 1280*720 --bit-rate 6000000 --time-limit 30 /sdcard/demo.mp4
--size 指定視頻分辨率;
--bit-rate 指定視頻比特率,默認(rèn)為4M,該值越小,保存的視頻文件越小;
--time-limit 指定錄制時(shí)長,若設(shè)定大于180,命令不會被執(zhí)行;
MediaRecorder
MediaProjection是Android5.0后才開放的屏幕采集接口,通過系統(tǒng)級服務(wù)MediaProjectionManager進(jìn)行管理。
錄屏過程可以分成兩個(gè)部分,即通過MediaProjectionManage申請錄屏權(quán)限,用戶允許后開始錄制屏幕;然后通過MediaRecorder對音視頻數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理。
獲取MediaProjectionManager實(shí)例
MediaProjectionManager mProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService("media_projection");
申請權(quán)限
Intent captureIntent = mProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent();
startActivityForResult(captureIntent, LOCAL_REQUEST_CODE);
createScreenCaptureIntent()這個(gè)方法會返回一個(gè)intent,你可以通過startActivityForResult方法來傳遞這個(gè)intent,為了能開始屏幕捕捉,activity會提示用戶是否允許屏幕捕捉(為了防止開發(fā)者做一個(gè)木馬,來捕獲用戶私人信息),你可以通過getMediaProjection來獲取屏幕捕捉的結(jié)果。
在onActivityResult中獲取結(jié)果
@Override public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { MediaProjection mediaProjection = mProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data); if (mediaProjection == null) { Log.e(TAG, "media projection is null"); return; } File file = new File("xx.mp4"); //錄屏生成文件 mediaRecord = new MediaRecordService(displayWidth, displayHeight, 6000000, 1, mediaProjection, file.getAbsolutePath()); mediaRecord.start(); }
創(chuàng)建MediaRecorder進(jìn)程
package com.unionpay.service; import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager; import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay; import android.media.MediaRecorder; import android.media.projection.MediaProjection; import android.util.Log; public class MediaRecordService extends Thread { private static final String TAG = "MediaRecordService"; private int mWidth; private int mHeight; private int mBitRate; private int mDpi; private String mDstPath; private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder; private MediaProjection mMediaProjection; private static final int FRAME_RATE = 60; // 60 fps private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay; public MediaRecordService(int width, int height, int bitrate, int dpi, MediaProjection mp, String dstPath) { mWidth = width; mHeight = height; mBitRate = bitrate; mDpi = dpi; mMediaProjection = mp; mDstPath = dstPath; } @Override public void run() { try { initMediaRecorder(); //在mediarecorder.prepare()方法后調(diào)用 mVirtualDisplay = mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(TAG + "-display", mWidth, mHeight, mDpi, DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC, mMediaRecorder.getSurface(), null, null); Log.i(TAG, "created virtual display: " + mVirtualDisplay); mMediaRecorder.start(); Log.i(TAG, "mediarecorder start"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 初始化MediaRecorder * * @return */ public void initMediaRecorder() { mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(); mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.SURFACE); mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC); mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4); mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mDstPath); mMediaRecorder.setVideoSize(mWidth, mHeight); mMediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(FRAME_RATE); mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(mBitRate); mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264); mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC); try { mMediaRecorder.prepare(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } Log.i(TAG, "media recorder" + mBitRate + "kps"); } public void release() { if (mVirtualDisplay != null) { mVirtualDisplay.release(); mVirtualDisplay = null; } if (mMediaRecorder != null) { mMediaRecorder.setOnErrorListener(null); mMediaProjection.stop(); mMediaRecorder.reset(); mMediaRecorder.release(); } if (mMediaProjection != null) { mMediaProjection.stop(); mMediaProjection = null; } Log.i(TAG, "release"); } }
MediaCodec與MediaMuxer
MediaCodec提供對音視頻壓縮編碼和解碼功能,MediaMuxer可以將音視頻混合生成多媒體文件,生成MP4文件。
與MediaRecorder類似,都需要先通過MediaProjectionManager獲取錄屏權(quán)限,在回調(diào)中進(jìn)行屏幕數(shù)據(jù)處理。
這里創(chuàng)建另一個(gè)進(jìn)程:
package com.unionpay.service; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean; import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager; import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay; import android.media.MediaCodec; import android.media.MediaCodecInfo; import android.media.MediaFormat; import android.media.MediaMuxer; import android.media.projection.MediaProjection; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Surface; public class ScreenRecordService extends Thread{ private static final String TAG = "ScreenRecordService"; private int mWidth; private int mHeight; private int mBitRate; private int mDpi; private String mDstPath; private MediaProjection mMediaProjection; // parameters for the encoder private static final String MIME_TYPE = "video/avc"; // H.264 Advanced // Video Coding private static final int FRAME_RATE = 30; // 30 fps private static final int IFRAME_INTERVAL = 10; // 10 seconds between // I-frames private static final int TIMEOUT_US = 10000; private MediaCodec mEncoder; private Surface mSurface; private MediaMuxer mMuxer; private boolean mMuxerStarted = false; private int mVideoTrackIndex = -1; private AtomicBoolean mQuit = new AtomicBoolean(false); private MediaCodec.BufferInfo mBufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo(); private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay; public ScreenRecordService(int width, int height, int bitrate, int dpi, MediaProjection mp, String dstPath) { super(TAG); mWidth = width; mHeight = height; mBitRate = bitrate; mDpi = dpi; mMediaProjection = mp; mDstPath = dstPath; } /** * stop task */ public final void quit() { mQuit.set(true); } @Override public void run() { try { try { prepareEncoder(); mMuxer = new MediaMuxer(mDstPath, MediaMuxer.OutputFormat.MUXER_OUTPUT_MPEG_4); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } mVirtualDisplay = mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(TAG + "-display", mWidth, mHeight, mDpi, DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC, mSurface, null, null); Log.d(TAG, "created virtual display: " + mVirtualDisplay); recordVirtualDisplay(); } finally { release(); } } private void recordVirtualDisplay() { while (!mQuit.get()) { int index = mEncoder.dequeueOutputBuffer(mBufferInfo, TIMEOUT_US); // Log.i(TAG, "dequeue output buffer index=" + index); if (index == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED) { // 后續(xù)輸出格式變化 resetOutputFormat(); } else if (index == MediaCodec.INFO_TRY_AGAIN_LATER) { // 請求超時(shí) // Log.d(TAG, "retrieving buffers time out!"); try { // wait 10ms Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } else if (index >= 0) { // 有效輸出 if (!mMuxerStarted) { throw new IllegalStateException("MediaMuxer dose not call addTrack(format) "); } encodeToVideoTrack(index); mEncoder.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false); } } } /** * 硬解碼獲取實(shí)時(shí)幀數(shù)據(jù)并寫入mp4文件 * * @param index */ private void encodeToVideoTrack(int index) { // 獲取到的實(shí)時(shí)幀視頻數(shù)據(jù) ByteBuffer encodedData = mEncoder.getOutputBuffer(index); if ((mBufferInfo.flags & MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG) != 0) { // The codec config data was pulled out and fed to the muxer // when we got // the INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED status. // Ignore it. Log.d(TAG, "ignoring BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG"); mBufferInfo.size = 0; } if (mBufferInfo.size == 0) { Log.d(TAG, "info.size == 0, drop it."); encodedData = null; } else { // Log.d(TAG, "got buffer, info: size=" + mBufferInfo.size + ", presentationTimeUs=" // + mBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs + ", offset=" + mBufferInfo.offset); } if (encodedData != null) { mMuxer.writeSampleData(mVideoTrackIndex, encodedData, mBufferInfo); } } private void resetOutputFormat() { // should happen before receiving buffers, and should only happen // once if (mMuxerStarted) { throw new IllegalStateException("output format already changed!"); } MediaFormat newFormat = mEncoder.getOutputFormat(); mVideoTrackIndex = mMuxer.addTrack(newFormat); mMuxer.start(); mMuxerStarted = true; Log.i(TAG, "started media muxer, videoIndex=" + mVideoTrackIndex); } private void prepareEncoder() throws IOException { MediaFormat format = MediaFormat.createVideoFormat(MIME_TYPE, mWidth, mHeight); format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_COLOR_FORMAT, MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities.COLOR_FormatSurface); format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, mBitRate); format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, FRAME_RATE); format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, IFRAME_INTERVAL); Log.d(TAG, "created video format: " + format); mEncoder = MediaCodec.createEncoderByType(MIME_TYPE); mEncoder.configure(format, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE); mSurface = mEncoder.createInputSurface(); Log.d(TAG, "created input surface: " + mSurface); mEncoder.start(); } private void release() { if (mEncoder != null) { mEncoder.stop(); mEncoder.release(); mEncoder = null; } if (mVirtualDisplay != null) { mVirtualDisplay.release(); } if (mMediaProjection != null) { mMediaProjection.stop(); } if (mMuxer != null) { mMuxer.stop(); mMuxer.release(); mMuxer = null; } } }
該進(jìn)程只實(shí)現(xiàn)了視頻錄制,調(diào)用該進(jìn)程只需修改主進(jìn)程中的onActivityResult方法。
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