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spring boot設(shè)置過濾器、監(jiān)聽器及攔截器的方法

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-10-10 10:34:54 來源:腳本之家 閱讀:174 作者:快樂的小樂 欄目:編程語言

前言

其實(shí)這篇文章算不上是springboot的東西,我們?cè)趕pring普通項(xiàng)目中也是可以直接使用的

設(shè)置過濾器:

以前在普通項(xiàng)目中我們要在web.xml中進(jìn)行filter的配置,但是只從servlet 3.0后,我們就可以在直接在項(xiàng)目中進(jìn)行filter的設(shè)置,因?yàn)樗峁┝艘粋€(gè)注解@WebFilter(在javax.servlet.annotation包下),使用這個(gè)注解我們就可以進(jìn)行filter的設(shè)置了,同時(shí)也解決了我們使用springboot項(xiàng)目沒有web.xml的尷尬,使用方法如下所示

@WebFilter(urlPatterns="/*",filterName="corsFilter", asyncSupported = true)
public class CorsFilter implements Filter{

 @Override
 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

 }

 @Override
 public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse,
   FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
  HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)servletResponse; 
  HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest)servletRequest;
  chain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
 }

 @Override
 public void destroy() {

 }

}

其實(shí)在WebFilter注解中有一些屬性我們需要進(jìn)行設(shè)置, 比如value、urlPatterns,這兩個(gè)屬性其實(shí)都是一樣的作用,都是為了設(shè)置攔截路徑,asyncSupported這個(gè)屬性是設(shè)置配置的filter是否支持異步響應(yīng),默認(rèn)是不支持的,如果我們的項(xiàng)目需要進(jìn)行請(qǐng)求的異步響應(yīng),請(qǐng)求經(jīng)過了filter,那么這個(gè)filter的asyncSupported屬性必須設(shè)置為true不然請(qǐng)求的時(shí)候會(huì)報(bào)異常。

設(shè)置攔截器:

編寫一個(gè)配置類,繼承org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter或者org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport并重寫addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry)方法,其實(shí)父類的addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry)方法就是個(gè)空方法。使用方法如下:

@Configuration
public class MvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {

 @Override
 public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
  InterceptorRegistration registration = registry.addInterceptor(new HandlerInterceptor() {
   @Override
   public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
    return true;
   }

   @Override
   public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

   }

   @Override
   public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

   }
  });
  // 配置攔截路徑
  registration.addPathPatterns("/**");
  // 配置不進(jìn)行攔截的路徑
  registration.excludePathPatterns("/static/**");
 }
}

配置監(jiān)聽器:

一般我們常用的就是request級(jí)別的javax.servlet.ServletRequestListener和session級(jí)別的javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener,下面以ServletRequestListener為例,編寫一個(gè)類實(shí)現(xiàn)ServletRequestListener接口并實(shí)現(xiàn)requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent event)方法和requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent event)方法,在實(shí)現(xiàn)類上加上@WebListener(javax.servlet.annotation包下),如下所示

@WebListener
public class RequestListener implements ServletRequestListener {

 @Override
 public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
  System.out.println("請(qǐng)求結(jié)束");
 }

 @Override
 public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
  System.out.println("請(qǐng)求開始");
 }
}

這樣每一個(gè)請(qǐng)求都會(huì)被監(jiān)聽到,在請(qǐng)求處理前equestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent event)方法,在請(qǐng)求結(jié)束后調(diào)用requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent event)方法,其實(shí)在spring中有一個(gè)非常好的例子,就是org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener類

public class RequestContextListener implements ServletRequestListener {

  private static final String REQUEST_ATTRIBUTES_ATTRIBUTE =
      RequestContextListener.class.getName() + ".REQUEST_ATTRIBUTES";


  @Override
  public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent requestEvent) {
    if (!(requestEvent.getServletRequest() instanceof HttpServletRequest)) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "Request is not an HttpServletRequest: " + requestEvent.getServletRequest());
    }
    HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) requestEvent.getServletRequest();
    ServletRequestAttributes attributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request);
    request.setAttribute(REQUEST_ATTRIBUTES_ATTRIBUTE, attributes);
    LocaleContextHolder.setLocale(request.getLocale());
    RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(attributes);
  }

  @Override
  public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent requestEvent) {
    ServletRequestAttributes attributes = null;
    Object reqAttr = requestEvent.getServletRequest().getAttribute(REQUEST_ATTRIBUTES_ATTRIBUTE);
    if (reqAttr instanceof ServletRequestAttributes) {
      attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) reqAttr;
    }
    RequestAttributes threadAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
    if (threadAttributes != null) {
      // We're assumably within the original request thread...
      LocaleContextHolder.resetLocaleContext();
      RequestContextHolder.resetRequestAttributes();
      if (attributes == null && threadAttributes instanceof ServletRequestAttributes) {
        attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) threadAttributes;
      }
    }
    if (attributes != null) {
      attributes.requestCompleted();
    }
  }

}

在這個(gè)類中,spring將每一個(gè)請(qǐng)求開始前都將請(qǐng)求進(jìn)行了一次封裝并設(shè)置了一個(gè)threadLocal,這樣我們?cè)谡?qǐng)求處理的任何地方都可以通過這個(gè)threadLocal獲取到請(qǐng)求對(duì)象,好處當(dāng)然是有的啦,比如我們?cè)趕ervice層需要用到request的時(shí)候,可以不需要調(diào)用者傳request對(duì)象給我們,我們可以通過一個(gè)工具類就可以獲取,豈不美哉。

擴(kuò)充:在springboot的啟動(dòng)類中我們可以添加一些ApplicationListener監(jiān)聽器,例如:

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(DemoApplication.class);
    application.addListeners(new ApplicationListener<ApplicationEvent>() {
      @Override
      public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
        System.err.println(event.toString());
      }
    });
    application.run(args);
  }
}

ApplicationEvent是一個(gè)抽象類,她的子類有很多比如ServletRequestHandledEvent(發(fā)生請(qǐng)求事件的時(shí)候觸發(fā))、ApplicationStartedEvent(應(yīng)用開始前觸發(fā),做一些啟動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備工作)、ContextRefreshedEvent(容器初始化結(jié)束后觸發(fā)),其他還有很多,這里不再多說,但是這些ApplicationListener只能在springboot項(xiàng)目以main方法啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候才會(huì)生效,也就是說項(xiàng)目要打jar包時(shí)才適用,如果打war包,放在Tomcat等web容器中是沒有效果的。

總結(jié)

以上就是這篇文章的全部?jī)?nèi)容了,希望本文的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,謝謝大家對(duì)億速云的支持。

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