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這篇文章主要介紹了Java中轉(zhuǎn)換器設(shè)計(jì)模式的作用是什么,億速云小編覺得不錯(cuò),現(xiàn)在分享給大家,也給大家做個(gè)參考,一起跟隨億速云小編來看看吧!
Java主要應(yīng)用于:1. web開發(fā);2. Android開發(fā);3. 客戶端開發(fā);4. 網(wǎng)頁開發(fā);5. 企業(yè)級(jí)應(yīng)用開發(fā);6. Java大數(shù)據(jù)開發(fā);7.游戲開發(fā)等。
目的
轉(zhuǎn)換器設(shè)計(jì)模式的目的是為相應(yīng)類型之間的雙向轉(zhuǎn)換提供一種通用的方式,允許類型無需彼此了解的簡(jiǎn)潔的實(shí)現(xiàn)。此外,轉(zhuǎn)換器設(shè)計(jì)模式引入了雙向收集映射,將樣板代碼減少到最小。
源代碼
轉(zhuǎn)換器設(shè)計(jì)模式是一種行為設(shè)計(jì)模式,允許在相應(yīng)類型(如DTO和邏輯同構(gòu)類型的域表示)之間進(jìn)行雙向轉(zhuǎn)換。此外,該模式還引入了一種在類型之間轉(zhuǎn)換對(duì)象集合的通用方法。
類圖
讓我們根據(jù)上面的類圖編寫源代碼。
在本例中,我們將把customerd轉(zhuǎn)換為customer實(shí)體,反之亦然,我們還將在類型之間轉(zhuǎn)換對(duì)象集合。
步驟1:讓我們創(chuàng)建一個(gè)通用轉(zhuǎn)換器。
public abstract class Converter < T, C > { private final Function < T, C > fromDto; private final Function < C, T > fromEntity; /** * @param fromDto * Function that converts given dto entity into the domain * entity. * @param fromEntity * Function that converts given domain entity into the dto * entity. */ public Converter(final Function < T, C > fromDto, final Function < C, T > fromEntity) { this.fromDto = fromDto; this.fromEntity = fromEntity; } /** * @param customerDto * DTO entity * @return The domain representation - the result of the converting function * application on dto entity. */ public final C convertFromDto(final T customerDto) { return fromDto.apply(customerDto); } /** * @param customer * domain entity * @return The DTO representation - the result of the converting function * application on domain entity. */ public final T convertFromEntity(final C customer) { return fromEntity.apply(customer); } /** * @param dtoCustomers * collection of DTO entities * @return List of domain representation of provided entities retrieved by * mapping each of them with the conversion function */ public final List < C > createFromDtos(final Collection < T > dtoCustomers) { return dtoCustomers.stream().map(this::convertFromDto).collect(Collectors.toList()); } /** * @param customers * collection of domain entities * @return List of domain representation of provided entities retrieved by * mapping each of them with the conversion function */ public final List < T > createFromEntities(final Collection < C > customers) { return customers.stream().map(this::convertFromEntity).collect(Collectors.toList()); } }
步驟2:讓我們創(chuàng)建一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單客戶轉(zhuǎn)換器的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
public class CustomerConverter extends Converter<CustomerDto, Customer> { public CustomerConverter() { super(customerDto -> new Customer(customerDto.getCustomerId(), customerDto.getCustomerName(), customerDto.getCustomerLastName(), customerDto.isStatus()), customer -> new CustomerDto(customer.getCustomerId(), customer.getCustomerName(), customer.getCustomerLastName(), customer.isStatus())); } }
步驟3: 創(chuàng)建customerdto類。
public class CustomerDto { private String customerId; private String customerName; private String customerLastName; private boolean status; public CustomerDto(String customerId, String customerName, String customerLastName, boolean status) { super(); this.customerId = customerId; this.customerName = customerName; this.customerLastName = customerLastName; this.status = status; } public String getCustomerId() { return customerId; } public void setCustomerId(String customerId) { this.customerId = customerId; } public String getCustomerName() { return customerName; } public void setCustomerName(String customerName) { this.customerName = customerName; } public String getCustomerLastName() { return customerLastName; } public void setCustomerLastName(String customerLastName) { this.customerLastName = customerLastName; } public boolean isStatus() { return status; } public void setStatus(boolean status) { this.status = status; } }
步驟4: 創(chuàng)建Customer實(shí)體類。
public class Customer { private String customerId; private String customerName; private String customerLastName; private boolean status; public Customer(String customerId, String customerName, String customerLastName, boolean status) { super(); this.customerId = customerId; this.customerName = customerName; this.customerLastName = customerLastName; this.status = status; } public String getCustomerId() { return customerId; } public void setCustomerId(String customerId) { this.customerId = customerId; } public String getCustomerName() { return customerName; } public void setCustomerName(String customerName) { this.customerName = customerName; } public String getCustomerLastName() { return customerLastName; } public void setCustomerLastName(String customerLastName) { this.customerLastName = customerLastName; } public boolean isStatus() { return status; } public void setStatus(boolean status) { this.status = status; } }
步驟5: 現(xiàn)在,讓我們通過創(chuàng)建Client類來測(cè)試這個(gè)模式。
public class Client { /** * Program entry point * * @param args command line args */ public static void main(String[] args) { Converter < CustomerDto, Customer > CustomerConverter = new CustomerConverter(); CustomerDto dtoCustomer = new CustomerDto("100", "Ramesh", "Fadatare", true); Customer Customer = CustomerConverter.convertFromDto(dtoCustomer); System.out.println("Entity converted from DTO:" + Customer); List < Customer > customers = new ArrayList < > (); customers.add(new Customer("100", "Ramesh2", "Fadatare", true)); customers.add(new Customer("200", "Ramesh3", "Fadatare", true)); customers.add(new Customer("300", "Ramesh4", "Fadatare", true)); customers.forEach(System.out::println); customers.forEach((customer) - > System.out.println(customer.getCustomerId())); System.out.println("DTO entities converted from domain:"); List < CustomerDto > dtoEntities = CustomerConverter.createFromEntities(customers); dtoEntities.forEach(System.out::println); dtoEntities.forEach((customer) - > System.out.println(customer.getCustomerId())); } }
輸出:
Entity converted from DTO:com.ramesh.j2ee.converter.Customer@87aac27
com.ramesh.j2ee.converter.Customer@1b28cdfa
com.ramesh.j2ee.converter.Customer@eed1f14
com.ramesh.j2ee.converter.Customer@7229724f
100
200
300
DTO entities converted from domain:
com.ramesh.j2ee.converter.CustomerDto@4dd8dc3
com.ramesh.j2ee.converter.CustomerDto@6d03e736
com.ramesh.j2ee.converter.CustomerDto@568db2f2
100
200
300
適用性
在以下情況下 使用轉(zhuǎn)換器模式:
當(dāng)您擁有邏輯上與其他類型相對(duì)應(yīng)的類型時(shí),您需要在它們之間轉(zhuǎn)換實(shí)體
如果要根據(jù)上下文提供不同類型的轉(zhuǎn)換方式
每當(dāng)您引入DTO(數(shù)據(jù)傳輸對(duì)象)時(shí),您可能需要將其轉(zhuǎn)換為域等效。
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