SpringBoot實(shí)現(xiàn)定時(shí)任務(wù)和異步調(diào)用

package com.example.demo;
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
 
//啟動(dòng)定時(shí)任務(wù)
@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
 
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
 }
}

 /**
 * @模塊名：demo
 * @包名：com.example.demo.test1.component
 * @描述：SchedulingComponent.java
 * @版本：1.0
 * @創(chuàng)建人：cc
 * @創(chuàng)建時(shí)間：2018年9月29日上午10:19:37
 */
 
package com.example.demo.test1.component;
 
import java.util.Date;
 
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
/**
 * @模塊名：demo
 * @包名：com.example.demo.test1.component @類名稱： SchedulingComponent
 * @類描述：【類描述】用于測(cè)試定時(shí)任務(wù) @版本：1.0
 * @創(chuàng)建人：cc
 * @創(chuàng)建時(shí)間：2018年9月29日上午10:19:37
 */
@Component
public class SchedulingComponent {
 
 /**
 * 
 * @方法名：testScheduling1
 * @方法描述【方法功能描述】測(cè)試定時(shí)任務(wù)，沒三秒執(zhí)行一次
 * @修改描述【修改描述】
 * @版本：1.0
 * @創(chuàng)建人：cc
 * @創(chuàng)建時(shí)間：2018年9月29日 上午10:26:20
 * @修改人：cc
 * @修改時(shí)間：2018年9月29日 上午10:26:20
 */
 @Scheduled(fixedRate = 3000)
 public void testScheduling1() {
 
 System.out.println("執(zhí)行時(shí)間為"+new Date()+"執(zhí)行testScheduling1");
 }
}
@Scheduled注解和之前spring使用xml配置定時(shí)任務(wù)類似：

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000) ：上一次開始執(zhí)行時(shí)間點(diǎn)之后5秒再執(zhí)行
@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000) ：上一次執(zhí)行完畢時(shí)間點(diǎn)之后5秒再執(zhí)行
@Scheduled(initialDelay=1000, fixedRate=5000) ：第一次延遲1秒后執(zhí)行，之后按fixedRate的規(guī)則每5秒執(zhí)行一次
@Scheduled(cron="*/5 * * * * *") ：通過(guò)cron表達(dá)式定義規(guī)則

package com.example.demo;
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
 
//啟動(dòng)異步調(diào)用
@EnableAsync
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
 
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
 }
}

package com.example.demo.test1.component;
 
public interface TaskComponent {
 void test1() throws Exception;
 
 void test2() throws Exception;
 
 void test3() throws Exception;
}
package com.example.demo.test1.component.impl;
 
import java.util.Random;
 
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import com.example.demo.test1.component.TaskComponent;
 
@Component
public class TaskComponentImpl implements TaskComponent {
 public static Random random = new Random();
 
 @Override
 @Async
 public void test1() throws InterruptedException {
 System.out.println("開始做任務(wù)一");
 long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
 Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
 long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
 System.out.println("完成任務(wù)一，耗時(shí)：" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
 
 }
 
 @Override
 @Async
 public void test2() throws InterruptedException {
 System.out.println("開始做任務(wù)二");
 long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
 Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
 long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
 System.out.println("完成任務(wù)二，耗時(shí)：" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
 
 }
 
 @Override
 @Async
 public void test3() throws InterruptedException {
 System.out.println("開始做任務(wù)三");
 long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
 Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
 long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
 System.out.println("完成任務(wù)三，耗時(shí)：" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
 
 }
 
}

package com.example.demo;
 
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment;
import org.springframework.boot.web.server.LocalServerPort;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
 
import com.example.demo.test1.component.TaskComponent;
 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
// 引入SpringBootTest并生成隨機(jī)接口
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class AsyncTest {
 
 // 注入隨機(jī)接口
 @LocalServerPort
 private int port;
 
 @Autowired
 private TaskComponent taskComponent;
 
 @Test
 public void testTask() {
 try {
 taskComponent.test1();
 taskComponent.test2();
 taskComponent.test3();
 System.out.println("執(zhí)行主線程");
 // 主線程休眠10秒等待上述異步方法執(zhí)行
 Thread.sleep(10000);
 }
 catch (Exception e) {
 System.out.println(e);
 }
 
 }
}

package com.example.demo;
 
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
 
//啟動(dòng)定時(shí)任務(wù)
 
@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
 
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
 }
 
 // 啟動(dòng)異步調(diào)用
 @EnableAsync
 @Configuration
 class TaskPoolConfig {
 // 核心線程數(shù)（setCorePoolSize）10：線程池創(chuàng)建時(shí)候初始化的線程數(shù)
 // 最大線程數(shù)（setMaxPoolSize）20：線程池最大的線程數(shù)，只有在緩沖隊(duì)列滿了之后才會(huì)申請(qǐng)超過(guò)核心線程數(shù)的線程
 // 緩沖隊(duì)列（setQueueCapacity）200：用來(lái)緩沖執(zhí)行任務(wù)的隊(duì)列
 // 允許線程的空閑時(shí)間（setKeepAliveSeconds）60秒：當(dāng)超過(guò)了核心線程出之外的線程在空閑時(shí)間到達(dá)之后會(huì)被銷毀
 // 線程池名的前綴（setThreadNamePrefix）：設(shè)置好了之后可以方便我們定位處理任務(wù)所在的線程池
 // 線程池對(duì)拒絕任務(wù)的處理策略（setRejectedExecutionHandler）：這里采用了CallerRunsPolicy策略，當(dāng)線程池沒有處理能力的時(shí)候，該策略會(huì)直接在 execute
 // 方法的調(diào)用線程中運(yùn)行被拒絕的任務(wù)（setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown）；如果執(zhí)行程序已關(guān)閉，則會(huì)丟棄該任務(wù)
 // setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown（true）該方法就是這里的關(guān)鍵，用來(lái)設(shè)置線程池關(guān)閉的時(shí)候等待所有任務(wù)都完成再繼續(xù)銷毀其他的Bean，這樣這些異步任務(wù)的銷毀就會(huì)先于Redis線程池的銷毀。
 // 同時(shí)，這里還設(shè)置了setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60)，該方法用來(lái)設(shè)置線程池中任務(wù)的等待時(shí)間，如果超過(guò)這個(gè)時(shí)候還沒有銷毀就強(qiáng)制銷毀，以確保應(yīng)用最后能夠被關(guān)閉，而不是阻塞住。
 @Bean("taskExecutor")
 public Executor taskExecutor() {
 ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
 executor.setCorePoolSize(10);
 executor.setMaxPoolSize(20);
 executor.setQueueCapacity(200);
 executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(60);
 executor.setThreadNamePrefix("taskExecutor-");
 executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
 executor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);
 executor.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60);
 return executor;
 }
 }
}

package com.example.demo.test1.component.impl;
 
import java.util.Random;
 
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import com.example.demo.test1.component.TaskComponent;
 
@Component
public class TaskComponentImpl implements TaskComponent {
 public static Random random = new Random();
 
 @Override
 @Async("taskExecutor")
 public void test1() throws InterruptedException {
 System.out.println("開始做任務(wù)一");
 long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
 Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
 long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
 System.out.println("完成任務(wù)一，耗時(shí)：" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
 
 }
 
 @Override
 @Async("taskExecutor")
 public void test2() throws InterruptedException {
 System.out.println("開始做任務(wù)二");
 long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
 Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
 long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
 System.out.println("完成任務(wù)二，耗時(shí)：" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
 
 }
 
 @Override
 @Async("taskExecutor")
 public void test3() throws InterruptedException {
 System.out.println("開始做任務(wù)三");
 long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
 Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
 long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
 System.out.println("完成任務(wù)三，耗時(shí)：" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
 
 }
 
}

executor.setCorePoolSize(2);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(2);