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詳解SpringCloud Ribbon 負(fù)載均衡通過服務(wù)器名無法連接的神坑

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-10-03 19:14:59 來源:腳本之家 閱讀:410 作者:ejiyuan 欄目:編程語言

一,問題

采取eureka集群、客戶端通過Ribbon調(diào)用服務(wù),Ribbon端報(bào)下列異常

java.net.UnknownHostException: SERVICE-HI

java.lang.IllegalStateException: No instances available for SERVICE-HI

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Request URI does not contain a valid hostname: http://SERVICE-HI

com.netfix.discovery.shared.taransport.TransportException: Cannot execute request on any known server

Spring Cloud版本比較亂,版本關(guān)聯(lián)引用更是亂,最終我切換到 <spring-cloud.version> Greenwich.SR1 </spring-cloud.version> 異常為: No instances available for SERVICE-HI

二、尋找答案 

網(wǎng)上答案千奇百怪

1,Spring Cloud 官網(wǎng),RestTemplate bean配置中添加負(fù)載均衡注解@LoadBalanced,我添加了

@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
  return new RestTemplate();
}

結(jié)果無效仍然一樣報(bào)錯(cuò)

2,訪問的服務(wù)名名稱不能有下劃線:

我的名稱是“SERVICE-HI”本身就不存在下劃線,所以不考慮這條。

3,主機(jī)名稱沒在系統(tǒng)文件hosts中配置,ping不通你服務(wù)名:

很扯的答案,為什么要配host,負(fù)載多臺機(jī)器讓主機(jī)名指向誰?不考慮此答案

三,分析問題

百度不到,自己分析原因,發(fā)現(xiàn)ribbon服務(wù)器沒有注冊到 eureka server中

詳解SpringCloud Ribbon 負(fù)載均衡通過服務(wù)器名無法連接的神坑

分析原理:我的客戶端服務(wù)“SERVICE-HI”已經(jīng)成功注冊到eureka server中了,如果ribbon服務(wù)器不在eureka server中注冊,是不會知道客戶端服務(wù)“SERVICE-HI”的存在以及它存在的位置,那么結(jié)論就是,因?yàn)閞ibbon服務(wù)器沒有在eureka server中注冊成功,所以不能識別主機(jī)名稱。

四,解決問題

配置文件

eureka:
 client:
  serviceUrl:
   defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
 port: 8764
spring:
 application:
  name: service-ribbon

依賴導(dǎo)入

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

主程序注釋

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ServiceRibbonApplication {
  
  public static void main(String[] args) {    
    SpringApplication.run( ServiceRibbonApplication.class, args );
  }

}

有問題,最終發(fā)現(xiàn)@EnableDiscoveryClient標(biāo)簽無法注冊到注冊中心,百度@EnableDiscoveryClient,得到的結(jié)論是

@EnableDiscoveryClient和@EnableEurekaClient一樣,能夠讓注冊中心能夠發(fā)現(xiàn),掃描到改服務(wù),不同點(diǎn):@EnableEurekaClient只適用于Eureka作為注冊中心,@EnableDiscoveryClient 可以是Eureka或其他(consul、zookeeper等)注冊中心 。

具體原因不去分析,這里先直接切換為@EnableEurekaClient注釋

@EnableEurekaClient在哪個(gè)包里簡直是迷一樣的存在,不同版本的spring cloud 中位置不同,我使用Greenwich.SR1,需要引入下面的包

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

修改主程序注釋

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableHystrix //我開啟了段容器
public class ServiceRibbonApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run( ServiceRibbonApplication.class, args );
  }

}

這里提一句在 Greenwich.SR1中段容器在下面包中

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>

重新啟動ribbon,發(fā)現(xiàn)控制臺輸入

2019-06-15 13:08:06.668 INFO 14796 --- [      main] com.netflix.discovery.DiscoveryClient  : Getting all instance registry info from the eureka server
2019-06-15 13:08:06.878 INFO 14796 --- [      main] com.netflix.discovery.DiscoveryClient  : The response status is 200
2019-06-15 13:08:06.882 INFO 14796 --- [      main] com.netflix.discovery.DiscoveryClient  : Starting heartbeat executor: renew interval is: 30
2019-06-15 13:08:06.886 INFO 14796 --- [      main] c.n.discovery.InstanceInfoReplicator   : InstanceInfoReplicator onDemand update allowed rate per min is 4
2019-06-15 13:08:06.891 INFO 14796 --- [      main] com.netflix.discovery.DiscoveryClient  : Discovery Client initialized at timestamp 1560575286889 with initial instances count: 2
2019-06-15 13:08:06.894 INFO 14796 --- [      main] o.s.c.n.e.s.EurekaServiceRegistry    : Registering application SERVICE-RIBBON with eureka with status UP
2019-06-15 13:08:06.896 INFO 14796 --- [      main] com.netflix.discovery.DiscoveryClient  : Saw local status change event StatusChangeEvent [timestamp=1560575286896, current=UP, previous=STARTING]
2019-06-15 13:08:06.900 INFO 14796 --- [nfoReplicator-0] com.netflix.discovery.DiscoveryClient  : DiscoveryClient_SERVICE-RIBBON/DESKTOP-FJQITE3:service-ribbon:8764: registering service...
2019-06-15 13:08:06.958 INFO 14796 --- [nfoReplicator-0] com.netflix.discovery.DiscoveryClient  : DiscoveryClient_SERVICE-RIBBON/DESKTOP-FJQITE3:service-ribbon:8764 - registration status: 204
2019-06-15 13:08:06.961 INFO 14796 --- [      main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8764 (http) with context path ''
2019-06-15 13:08:06.963 INFO 14796 --- [      main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 8764
2019-06-15 13:08:06.967 INFO 14796 --- [      main] cn.meylink.ServiceRibbonApplication   : Started ServiceRibbonApplication in 5.868 seconds (JVM running for 7.204)

查看Eureka

詳解SpringCloud Ribbon 負(fù)載均衡通過服務(wù)器名無法連接的神坑

瀏覽器測試訪問成功?。?!

五,附件:Greenwich.SR1 版中常用依賴

有好多問題都是因?yàn)?不同版本中引入不正確的依賴導(dǎo)致,這里列出 Greenwich.SR1 版中常用依賴,這里都不需要指定版本號

<dependencies>
  <!-- eureka client -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- eureka server -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 段容器 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- ribbon -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- feign -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- config server -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- config client -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- zuul -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持億速云。

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