詳解JAVA 七種創(chuàng)建單例的方法

public class Singleton1 {
  //不能延遲加載 占用內(nèi)存 耗費(fèi)資源
  private static Singleton1 singleton1 = new Singleton1();

  public static Singleton1 getSingleton1() {
    return singleton1;
  }
}

public class Singleton2 {

  //延遲加載
  // 多線程下 不安全
  private static Singleton2 singleton1 = null;

  public Singleton2 getSingleton1() {


    if (singleton1==null){
      singleton1 = new Singleton2();
    }
    return singleton1;
  }
}

public class Singleton3 {

  //延遲加載
  // 多線程下 不安全
  private static Singleton3 singleton1 = null;

  //解決延遲加載 多線程安全問(wèn)題，但存在讀操作，加鎖問(wèn)題，線程排隊(duì)，寫(xiě)操作只有一次 獲取時(shí)需要排隊(duì)等候問(wèn)題
  public synchronized Singleton3 getSingleton1() {

    if (singleton1==null){
      singleton1 = new Singleton3();
    }
    return singleton1;
  }

/*
  等同方法前加鎖
  public static Singleton3 getSingleton1() {
    synchronized(Singleton3.class){
      if (singleton1==null){
        singleton1 = new Singleton3();
      }
    }

    return singleton1;
  }
  */


}

public class Singleton4 {

  //延遲加載
  private static Singleton4 singleton1 = null;

  // 解決 讀操作 多線程情況下 排隊(duì)獲取問(wèn)題， 但是雙重校驗(yàn) 也存在一個(gè)問(wèn)題，jvm 重排序的問(wèn)題下 會(huì)存在空指針問(wèn)題
  public static Singleton4 getSingleton1() {

    if (singleton1==null){
      synchronized (Singleton4.class) {
        if (singleton1 == null) {
          singleton1 = new Singleton4();
        }
      }
    }
    return singleton1;
  }


}

public class Singleton5 {

  //延遲加載
  // volatile 關(guān)鍵字 禁止指令重排序
  // 解決 雙重校驗(yàn) 也存在一個(gè)問(wèn)題，jvm 重排序的問(wèn)題下 會(huì)存在空指針問(wèn)題
  private static volatile Singleton5 singleton1 = null;


  public static Singleton5 getSingleton1() {

    if (singleton1==null){
      synchronized (Singleton5.class) {
        if (singleton1 == null) {
          singleton1 = new Singleton5();
        }
      }
    }
    return singleton1;
  }


}

public class Singleton6 {

  //延遲加載
  //靜態(tài)內(nèi)部類(lèi) 靜態(tài)的始終在jvm中存在一份
  static class Singleton {
    private static Singleton6 singleton1 = new Singleton6();
  }


  public static Singleton6 get(){
    return Singleton.singleton1;
  }
}

public class Singleton7 {

  //枚舉類(lèi)型是 線程安全 構(gòu)造方法只會(huì)被裝載一次
  private enum Singleton {
    Singleton;

    private final Singleton7 singleton7;


    Singleton() {
      singleton7 = new Singleton7();
    }


    public Singleton7 getSingleton7() {
      return singleton7;
    }

  }

  //延遲加載
  public static Singleton7 get() {
    return Singleton.Singleton.getSingleton7();
  }


  //測(cè)試
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 100).forEach(i -> {
      new Thread(String.valueOf(i)) {
        @Override
        public void run() {
          System.out.println(Singleton7.get());
        }
      }.start();
    });

  }
}