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小編給大家分享一下socket.io如何實(shí)現(xiàn)在線群聊功能,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后都有所收獲,下面讓我們一起去探討吧!
我自己在用socket.io開發(fā),對(duì)官方網(wǎng)站上的文檔,進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的整理,然后自己寫了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的聊天程序。最最開始
先安裝socket.io:
npm install socket.io
利用Node的搭建Http服務(wù)
分為兩個(gè)文件,服務(wù)端文件app.js和客戶端index.html
app.js
var app = require('http').createServer(handler) io = require('socket.io').listen(app) fs = require('fs') app.listen(80) function handler (req, res) { fs.readFile(__dirname + '/index.html',function (err, data) { if (err) {res.writeHead(500); return res.end('Error loading index.html'); } res.writeHead(200); res.end(data); }); } io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.emit('news', { hello: 'world' }); socket.on('my other event', function (data) { console.log(data);}); });
這里需要注意的是: require(‘socket.io').listen(app) 實(shí)際上這句就是講socket的監(jiān)聽加入的app設(shè)置的http模塊了 io.sockets.on('connection',function()…)這里設(shè)置了在連接后進(jìn)行的處理,代碼示例中,主要包含兩件事,一個(gè)是向前段發(fā)送news的事件,一個(gè)是監(jiān)聽my other event事件。
index.html
<script src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script> <script> var socket = io.connect('http://localhost'); socket.on('news', function (data) { console.log(data); socket.emit('my other event', { my: 'data' }); }); </script>
客戶端一個(gè)引用了socket.io.js的javscript庫還有就是連接服務(wù)器(通過io.connect(‘http://localhost')) 之后在監(jiān)聽收到news的事件后,發(fā)送my other event事件
利用Express3框架上面的例子只是使用nodejs建立了一個(gè)交互,也可以使用express2的web框架, 具體app.js代碼如下:
var app = require('express')() server = require('http').createServer(app) io = require('socket.io').listen(server); server.listen(80); app.get('/', function (req, res) { res.sendfile(__dirname + '/index.html');}); io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.emit('news', { hello: 'world' }); socket.on('my other event', function (data) { console.log(data); });});
接收發(fā)送事件 socket.io允許用戶自定義發(fā)送接收的事件。除了connect,message,disconnect三個(gè)事件外,用戶可以自定義自己的事件
// note, io.listen(<port>) will create a http server for youvar io = require('socket.io').listen(80); io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { io.sockets.emit('this', { will: 'be received by everyone'}); socket.on('private message', function (from, msg) { console.log('I received a private message by ', from, ' saying ', msg); }); socket.on('disconnect', function () { io.sockets.emit('user disconnected'); });});
存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)有的時(shí)候需要存儲(chǔ)一些和客戶端關(guān)聯(lián)的數(shù)據(jù)在會(huì)話里,socket.io也是支持的,代碼如下:
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80); io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.on('set nickname', function (name) { socket.set('nickname', name, function () { socket.emit('ready'); }); }); socket.on('msg', function () { socket.get('nickname', function (err, name) { console.log('Chat message by ', name); }); });});
socket.set和socket.get方法分為用于設(shè)置和獲取變量。
設(shè)置命名空間有的時(shí)候要一個(gè)程序支持多個(gè)應(yīng)用,如果使用默認(rèn)的 “/” 命名空間可能會(huì)比較混亂。如果想讓一個(gè)連接可以支持多個(gè)連接,可以使用如下的命名空間的方法:
app.js
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80);var chat = io .of('/chat') .on('connection', function (socket) { socket.emit('a message', { that: 'only' , '/chat': 'will get' }); chat.emit('a message', { everyone: 'in' , '/chat': 'will get' }); });
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
var news = io .of(‘/news') .on('connection', function (socket) { socket.emit('item', { news: ‘item' }); });
client.js
<script> var chat = io.connect('http://localhost/chat') , news = io.connect('http://localhost/news'); chat.on('connect', function () { chat.emit('hi!'); }); news.on('news', function () { news.emit('woot'); });</script>
發(fā)送獲取數(shù)據(jù)有的時(shí)候,你需要在發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)后,等待服務(wù)器的消息確認(rèn)。當(dāng)然簡(jiǎn)單的發(fā),可以通過兩次消息發(fā)送,來完成。這里介紹一種使用回調(diào)函數(shù)的方法:
app.js
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80); io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.on('ferret', function (name, fn) { fn('woot'); });}); client.html <script> var socket = io.connect(); // TIP: .connect with no args does auto-discovery socket.on('connect', function () { // TIP: you can avoid listening on `connect` and listen on events directly too! socket.emit('ferret', 'tobi', function (data) { console.log(data); // data will be 'woot' }); });</script>
廣播向所有的連接觸發(fā)事件,這里注意:不包括本身連接的事件。
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80); io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.broadcast.emit('user connected');});
我寫的聊天程序:
index.html
<script src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script><script> var socket = io.connect('http://localhost'); socket.on("notice", function(data){ var msg = document.getElementById('all').value; document.getElementById('all').innerText = msg + "\n" + data.message; }); var chat_fn = function(){ var msg = document.getElementById("message").value; socket.emit("chat", {message: msg}); }; socket.on("nickname ready", function(data){ alert("nickname changed."); }); var change_nickname = function(){ var nickname = document.getElementById("nickname").value; socket.emit('set nickname', nickname); };</script><textarea id="all" cols=40 rows=20></textarea><br /><label>Message:</label><input id="message" type="text" name="message" cols=120/><input id="chat_btn" type="button" value="chat" onclick="javascript:chat_fn()" /><label>NickName:</label><input id="nickname" typee="text" name="nickname" /><input id="chang_name" type="button" value="nickname" onclick="javascript:change_nickname()" /> app.js var app = require('http').createServer(handler) , io = require('socket.io').listen(app) , fs = require('fs'); app.listen(80);function handler (req, res) { fs.readFile(__dirname + '/index.html', function (err, data) { if (err) { res.writeHead(500); return res.end('Error loading index.html'); } res.writeHead(200); res.end(data); });} io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { // socket.emit('news', { hello: 'world' }); // socket.on('my other event', function (data) { // console.log(data); // }); socket.set('nickname', 'nickname', function(){ }); socket.on('set nickname', function(name){ socket.set('nickname', name, function(){ console.log("change nickname=>" + name); socket.emit('nickname ready'); }); }); socket.on('chat', function(data){ socket.get('nickname', function(err, name){ socket.emit("notice", {message: name + ":" + data.message}); socket.broadcast.emit("notice", {message: name + ":" + data.message}); console.log("chat: " + data.message); }); });});
看完了這篇文章,相信你對(duì)“socket.io如何實(shí)現(xiàn)在線群聊功能”有了一定的了解,如果想了解更多相關(guān)知識(shí),歡迎關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊頻道,感謝各位的閱讀!
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