詳解vue跨組件通信的幾種方法

發(fā)布時間：2020-08-26 04:33:16 來源：腳本之家閱讀：225 作者：慕容小凡欄目：web開發(fā)

在開發(fā)組件的時候，一定會遇到組件的通信，比如點擊一個圖標出現(xiàn)彈窗和蒙層，這三個分別是不同的組件。管理他們之間的狀態(tài)就成了問題。

props雙向綁定

通過 sync 雙向綁定，屬性變化會同步到所有組件，這也是最簡單的實現(xiàn)方式，缺點是屬性會比較多。實現(xiàn)方式如下

App.vue 文件

<template>
 <div id="app">
  <mask :hide-mask.sync="hideMask"></mask>
  <dialog :hide-dialog.sync="hideDialog" :hide-mask.sync="hideMask"></dialog>
  <dialog-icon :hide-dialog.sync="hideDialog" :hide-mask.sync="hideMask"></dialog-icon>
 </div>
</template>

<script>
import mask from './components/mask/index'
import dialog from './components/dialog/index'
import dialogIcon from './components/dialog-icon/index'

export default {
 components: {
  mask,
  dialog,
  dialogIcon
 },
 data () {
  return {
   hideMask: true,
   hideDialog: true
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/dialog/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <section class="dialog" :class="{ 'hide': hideDialog }">
  <div class="dialog-close" @click="hide()"></div>
 </section>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 props: ['hideDialog', 'hideMask'],
 methods: {
  hide () {
   this.hideDialog = !this.hideDialog
   this.hideMask = !this.hideMask
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/dialog-icon/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <section class="dialog-icon" @click="show()">點擊出現(xiàn)彈窗</section>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 props: ['hideDialog', 'hideMask'],
 methods: {
  show () {
   this.hideDialog = !this.hideDialog
   this.hideMask = !this.hideMask
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/mask/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <div class="mask" :class="{ 'hide': hideMask }"></div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 props: ['hideMask']
}
</script>

自定義事件

子組件 $dispatch() 派發(fā)事件傳遞給父組件，父組件 $broadcast() 廣播事件傳遞給子組件，這種方式雖然減少了props的使用，但是需要額外定義幾個事件，狀態(tài)多了就會變得很復雜，實現(xiàn)方法如下

App.vue 文件

<template>
 <div id="app">
  <mask></mask>
  <dialog></dialog>
  <dialog-icon></dialog-icon>
</template>

<script>
import mask from './components/mask/index'
import dialog from './components/dialog/index'
import dialogIcon from './components/dialog-icon/index'

export default {
 components: {
  mask,
  dialog,
  dialogIcon
 },
 data () {
  return {
   hideMask: true,
   hideDialog: true
  }
 },
 events: {
  'dialog-dispatch' () {
   this.hidedialog = !this.hidedialog
   this.$broadcast('dialog-broadcast')
  },
  'mask-dispatch' () {
   this.hideMask = !this.hideMask
   this.$broadcast('mask-broadcast')
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/dialog-icon/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <section class="dialog-icon" @click="show()">點擊出現(xiàn)彈窗</section>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 methods: {
  show () {
   this.$dispatch('dialog-dispatch')
   this.$dispatch('mask-dispatch')
  }
 },
 events: {
  'dialog-broadcast' () {
   this.hideDialog = !this.hideDialog
  }
 },
 data () {
  return {
   hideDialog: this.$parent.hideDialog,
   hideMask: this.$parent.hideMask
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/dialog/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <section class="dialog" :class="{ 'hide': hideDialog }">
  <div class="dialog-close" @click="hide()"></div>
 </section>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 methods: {
  hide () {
   this.$dispatch('dialog-dispatch')
   this.$dispatch('mask-dispatch')
  }
 },
 events: {
  'dialog-broadcast' () {
   this.hideDialog = !this.hideDialog
  }
 },
 data () {
  return {
   hideDialog: this.$parent.hideDialog,
   hideMask: this.$parent.hideMask
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/mask/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <div class="mask" :class="{ 'hide': hideMask }"></div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 data () {
  return {
   hideMask: this.$parent.hideMask
  }
 },
 events: {
  'mask-broadcast' () {
   this.hideMask = !this.hideMask
  }
 }
}
</script>

Vuex

狀態(tài)統(tǒng)一放store管理，修改狀態(tài)通過mutations，組件通過action調(diào)用mutations，雖然有點繞，但是所有東西放一起后期會更好維護，實現(xiàn)方法如下

App.vue 文件

<template>
 <div id="app">
  <mask></mask>
  <dialog></dialog>
  <dialog-icon></dialog-icon>
 </div>
</template>

<script>
import mask from './components/mask/index'
import dialog from './components/dialog/index'
import dialogIcon from './components/dialog-icon/index'

export default {
 components: {
  mask,
  dialog,
  dialogIcon
 }
}
</script>

component/dialog/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <section class="storehouse dialog" :class="{ 'hide': isHideDialog }">
  <div class="dialog-close" @click="hideDialog()"></div>
 </section>
</template>

<script>
import { hideDialog } from '../../vuex/actions'

export default {
 vuex: {
  state: {
   isHideDialog: state => state.isHideDialog
  },
  actions: {
   hideDialog
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/dialog-icon/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <section class="storehouse-icon" @click="hideDialog()">點擊出現(xiàn)彈窗</section>
</template>

<script>
import { hideDialog } from '../../vuex/actions'

export default {
 vuex: {
  actions: {
   hideDialog
  }
 }
}
</script>

component/mask/index.vue 文件

<template>
 <div class="mask" :class="{ 'hide': isHideMask }"></div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 vuex: {
  state: {
   isHideMask: state => state.isHideMask
  }
 }
}
</script>

vuex/store.js 文件

import Vue from 'vue'
import Vuex from 'vuex'
import mutations from './mutations'

Vue.use(Vuex)

const state = {
 isHideMask: true,
 isHideDialog: true
}

const store = new Vuex.Store({
 state,
 mutations
})

if (module.hot) {
 module.hot.accept(['./mutations'], () => {
  const mutations = require('./mutations').default
  store.hotUpdate({
   mutations
  })
 })
}

export default store

vuex/mutations.js 文件

import {
 HIDEDIALOG
}
from './mutation-types'

export
default {
 [HIDEDIALOG] (state) {
  state.isHideDialog = !state.isHideDialog
  state.isHideMask = !state.isHideMask
 }
}

vuex/mutations-types.js 文件

export const HIDEDIALOG = 'HIDEDIALOG'

vuex/action.js 文件

import { HIDEDIALOG } from './mutation-types'
export const hideDialog = ({ dispatch }) => dispatch(HIDEDIALOG)

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持億速云。

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詳解vue跨組件通信的幾種方法

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