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這篇文章主要為大家展示了“python如何檢測(cè)文件夾變化并拷貝有更新的文件到對(duì)應(yīng)目錄”,內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)而易懂,條理清晰,希望能夠幫助大家解決疑惑,下面讓小編帶領(lǐng)大家一起研究并學(xué)習(xí)一下“python如何檢測(cè)文件夾變化并拷貝有更新的文件到對(duì)應(yīng)目錄”這篇文章吧。
newcopy.py:
檢測(cè)文件夾中最后修改時(shí)間變化的文件,并拷貝復(fù)制到相應(yīng)路徑下,拷貝目錄會(huì)自動(dòng)檢測(cè)后輸出;測(cè)試文件夾路徑記得修改;
pyinotify.py:
借用window接口,檢測(cè)腳本所在目錄下文件夾變化(更新、刪除、添加等),輸出日志到桌面上;
# newcopy.py文件 # -*- coding:UTF-8 -*- import os import os.path import sys import time import datetime import stat import difflib import linecache, shutil # 文件全路徑和對(duì)應(yīng)最后修改時(shí)間寫(xiě)入到out.txt文檔中; def add_log(path): with open('out.txt','w') as f: f.close() for root , dirs, files in os.walk(path): for name in files: temp_path = os.path.join(root,name) file_name = temp_path.replace('C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/', '') file_time = os.stat(temp_path).st_mtime with open('out.txt','a') as f: f.write( ','.join( ['%s' % file_name , '%s\n' % file_time] ) ) f.close() # 注意時(shí)間格式轉(zhuǎn)換 #file_time = time.localtime(os.stat(root).st_mtime) #file_time=date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') def if_exist(): # 判斷文件out.txt是否存在,不存在則創(chuàng)建 filename = 'out.txt' if os.path.exists(filename): message = 'OK, the "%s" file exists.' else: message = "Sorry, I cannot find the '%s' file..and I create it." a = open('out.txt', 'w') a.close() print message % filename # 判斷update文件夾是否存在,不存在則創(chuàng)建 files_name='update' if os.path.exists(files_name): message = 'OK, the "%s" file exists.' else: message = "Sorry, I cannot find the '%s' file.and I create it. " os.mkdir('update') print message % files_name # path 待比較的文件夾路徑 # 返回生成的txt(包含更新或者添加的文件路徑)的路徑 def log_compare(path): # 先確保out.txt存在 if_exist() # 獲取out.txt文件內(nèi)容(文件全路徑key和最后修改時(shí)間value),生成dict txt = open('out.txt', 'r').readlines() myDic = {} for row in txt: (key, value) = row.split(',') myDic[key] = value print myDic # 創(chuàng)建以時(shí)間命名的文件和文件夾 setup_filename = str(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')) # 獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間 setup_file_path = '%s%s.txt' %('C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/update/' ,setup_filename) # 生成以當(dāng)前時(shí)間命名的.txt文件,準(zhǔn)備寫(xiě)入更新日志 setup_file_dir = '%s%s' %('C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/update/' ,setup_filename) # 生成以當(dāng)前時(shí)間命名的.txt文件夾 #判斷key,比較value值是否變化 #原始需要有一個(gè)out.txt文件,才能比較value確定是否有更新 #運(yùn)行程序時(shí),重新遍歷一遍文件全路徑和最后修改時(shí)間 for root , dirs, files in os.walk(path): for name in files: temp_path = os.path.join(root,name) file_name = temp_path.replace('C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/', '') time = os.stat(temp_path).st_mtime # 獲取最后修改時(shí)間 file_time = '%s\n' % time # 加%s\n是為了與out.txt里值完全對(duì)應(yīng) if myDic.has_key(file_name) == True: if cmp(myDic[file_name], file_time): # myDic[file_name]舊最后修改時(shí)間,file_time新最后修改時(shí)間 print (file_name,file_time) # 輸出有變化的文件名及其對(duì)應(yīng)的最后修改時(shí)間 # 輸出以文件時(shí)間命名的更新日志,生成路徑是update下 with open(setup_file_path,'a') as f: # 有更新的文件,寫(xiě)入更新日志 f.write( '%s\n' % file_name ) f.close() else: print "add",file_name with open(setup_file_path,'a') as f: # 新增的文件,寫(xiě)入更新日志 f.write( '%s\n' % file_name ) f.close() # 返回 當(dāng)前時(shí)間,以時(shí)間命名的文件夾路徑,更新文件路徑 return (setup_filename, setup_file_dir, setup_file_path) # 將src目錄中的內(nèi)容拷貝到dest目錄 # 如果dest或者其子目錄不存在,先創(chuàng)建 # txt_path為更新日志路徑,有更新的文件才拷貝 def copy_directory(src, dest, txt_path): if not os.path.exists(txt_path): print "no file update" return # 讀更新日志,獲取更新文件的全路徑 txt = open(txt_path, 'r').readlines() myDic = {} myDic2 = {} for row in txt: myDic[row] = "1" tempArray = os.path.split(row) key = tempArray[0] myDic2[key] = "1" print "myDic2:", myDic2 print "dict:", myDic # 遍歷原始文件夾,得到所有文件的全路徑 for root, dirs, files in os.walk(src): for name in files: #print "dirs:",dirs fpath = os.path.join(root, name) newroot = root newroot = newroot.replace(src, dest) # 根據(jù)文件絕對(duì)路徑,創(chuàng)建將要拷貝的路徑(相對(duì)路徑),沒(méi)有則創(chuàng)建 #print newroot rel_dir = root.replace('C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/', '') if not os.path.exists(newroot) and myDic2.has_key(rel_dir): print "rel_dir:" , rel_dir print newroot os.makedirs(newroot) os.chmod(newroot, stat.S_IWRITE) temp = fpath temp = temp.replace(src, dest) rel_path = fpath.replace('C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/', '') # 將絕對(duì)路徑改為相對(duì)路徑,便于遍歷對(duì)比,挑出要拷貝的文件 rel_path += '\n' if myDic.has_key(rel_path) == True: print "real_path:" , rel_path # os.mkdir(rel_path) shutil.copy(fpath, temp) print "copyfile:", fpath def main(): path_dir = 'C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/acd' path_file = 'C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/out.txt' params = log_compare(path_dir) add_log(path_dir) copy_directory(path_dir, params[1], params[2]) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
#pyinotify.py文件 # -*- coding:UTF-8 -*- import os import win32file import win32con # #檢測(cè)當(dāng)前目錄下所有文件刪除、更新、修改等變化。更新日志輸出到桌面。2016.5.23 copy ACTIONS = { 1 : "Created", 2 : "Deleted", 3 : "Updated", 4 : "Renamed from something", 5 : "Renamed to something" } # Thanks to Claudio Grondi for the correct set of numbers FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY = 0x0001 path_to_watch = "." hDir = win32file.CreateFile ( path_to_watch, FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY, win32con.FILE_SHARE_READ | win32con.FILE_SHARE_WRITE, None, win32con.OPEN_EXISTING, win32con.FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, None ) while 1: # # ReadDirectoryChangesW takes a previously-created # handle to a directory, a buffer size for results, # a flag to indicate whether to watch subtrees and # a filter of what changes to notify. # # NB Tim Juchcinski reports that he needed to up # the buffer size to be sure of picking up all # events when a large number of files were # deleted at once. # results = win32file.ReadDirectoryChangesW ( hDir, 1024, True, win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_FILE_NAME | win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_DIR_NAME | win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_ATTRIBUTES | win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SIZE | win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_WRITE | win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SECURITY, None, None ) #print "results:", results for action, file in results: full_filename = os.path.join (path_to_watch, file) print full_filename, ACTIONS.get (action, "Unknown") with open('C:/Users/Enter/Desktop/fileupdate.txt','a') as f: #str = ','.join( ['%s' % full_filename , '%s\n' % ACTIONS.get (action, "Unknown")] ) #print str f.write( ','.join( ['%s' % full_filename , '%s\n' % ACTIONS.get (action, "Unknown")] ) ) f.close()
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