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1.背景
sysbench是一款壓力測(cè)試工具,可以測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的硬件性能,也可以用來(lái)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試。sysbench 支持的測(cè)試有CPU運(yùn)算性能測(cè)試、內(nèi)存分配及傳輸速度測(cè)試、磁盤IO性能測(cè)試、POSIX線程性能測(cè)試、互斥性測(cè)試測(cè)試、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)性能測(cè)試(OLTP基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試)。目前支持的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主要是MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和PG數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。
在新服務(wù)器上線時(shí),建議對(duì)服務(wù)器的性能做一次測(cè)試,最好與既往的同類型的服務(wù)器的性能測(cè)試報(bào)表做一個(gè)橫線比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在問(wèn)題。及新機(jī)器上線前,對(duì)服務(wù)器做一次體檢。
對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)而言,我們可以通過(guò)sysbench工具實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試。在現(xiàn)在的系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)中,前端都比較容易彈性水平拓展,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相對(duì)較難,因此,基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)具有很重要的作用。而對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試的作用,就是分析在當(dāng)前的配置下(包括硬件配置、OS、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)置等),數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的性能表現(xiàn),從而找出MySQL的性能閾值,并根據(jù)實(shí)際系統(tǒng)的要求調(diào)整配置。
2.sysbench的安裝
1)安裝命令
yum -y install sysbench
2)查看安裝的版本
sysbench --version
3)查看已安裝軟件的信息(主要是通 rpm 命令)。
查詢sysbench的安裝信息,主要是測(cè)試mysql時(shí),需要使用sysbench自帶的lua腳本進(jìn)行測(cè)試。如果使用快速安裝的方式,默認(rèn)的腳本路徑為:/usr/share/sysbench
。
如果不在這個(gè)命令,我們我們執(zhí)行以下命令查看,查找已安裝在本機(jī)Linux系統(tǒng)上面的所有的sysbench軟件的程序:
rpm -qa sysbench
列出該軟件所有的文件與目錄所在完整文件名(list):
rpm -ql sysbench
3.sysbench 語(yǔ)法
sysbench --help Usage: sysbench [options]... [testname] [command] Commands implemented by most tests: prepare run cleanup help General options: --threads=N number of threads to use [1] --events=N limit for total number of events [0] --time=N limit for total execution time in seconds [10] --forced-shutdown=STRING number of seconds to wait after the --time limit before forcing shutdown, or 'off' to disable [off] --thread-stack-size=SIZE size of stack per thread [64K] --rate=N average transactions rate. 0 for unlimited rate [0] --report-interval=N periodically report intermediate statistics with a specified interval in seconds. 0 disables intermediate reports [0] --report-checkpoints=[LIST,...] dump full statistics and reset all counters at specified points in time. The argument is a list of comma-separated values representing the amount of time in seconds elapsed from start of test when report checkpoint(s) must be performed. Report checkpoints are off by default. [] --debug[=on|off] print more debugging info [off] --validate[=on|off] perform validation checks where possible [off] --help[=on|off] print help and exit [off] --version[=on|off] print version and exit [off] --config-file=FILENAME File containing command line options --tx-rate=N deprecated alias for --rate [0] --max-requests=N deprecated alias for --events [0] --max-time=N deprecated alias for --time [0] --num-threads=N deprecated alias for --threads [1] Pseudo-Random Numbers Generator options: --rand-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special,pareto} [special] --rand-spec-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12] --rand-spec-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1] --rand-spec-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75] --rand-seed=N seed for random number generator. When 0, the current time is used as a RNG seed. [0] --rand-pareto-h=N parameter h for pareto distribution [0.2] Log options: --verbosity=N verbosity level {5 - debug, 0 - only critical messages} [3] --percentile=N percentile to calculate in latency statistics (1-100). Use the special value of 0 to disable percentile calculations [95] --histogram[=on|off] print latency histogram in report [off] General database options: --db-driver=STRING specifies database driver to use ('help' to get list of available drivers) [mysql] --db-ps-mode=STRING prepared statements usage mode {auto, disable} [auto] --db-debug[=on|off] print database-specific debug information [off] Compiled-in database drivers: mysql - MySQL driver pgsql - PostgreSQL driver mysql options: --mysql-host=[LIST,...] MySQL server host [localhost] --mysql-port=[LIST,...] MySQL server port [3306] --mysql-socket=[LIST,...] MySQL socket --mysql-user=STRING MySQL user [sbtest] --mysql-password=STRING MySQL password [] --mysql-db=STRING MySQL database name [sbtest] --mysql-ssl[=on|off] use SSL connections, if available in the client library [off] --mysql-ssl-cipher=STRING use specific cipher for SSL connections [] --mysql-compression[=on|off] use compression, if available in the client library [off] --mysql-debug[=on|off] trace all client library calls [off] --mysql-ignore-errors=[LIST,...] list of errors to ignore, or "all" [1213,1020,1205] --mysql-dry-run[=on|off] Dry run, pretend that all MySQL client API calls are successful without executing them [off] pgsql options: --pgsql-host=STRING PostgreSQL server host [localhost] --pgsql-port=N PostgreSQL server port [5432] --pgsql-user=STRING PostgreSQL user [sbtest] --pgsql-password=STRING PostgreSQL password [] --pgsql-db=STRING PostgreSQL database name [sbtest] Compiled-in tests: fileio - File I/O test cpu - CPU performance test memory - Memory functions speed test threads - Threads subsystem performance test mutex - Mutex performance test
基本語(yǔ)法如下:
sysbench [options]... [testname] [command]
command 是sysbench要執(zhí)行的命令,包括prepare、run和cleanup。prepare是為測(cè)試提前準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù),run是執(zhí)行正式的測(cè)試,cleanup是在測(cè)試完成后對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行清理
testname 指定了要進(jìn)行的測(cè)試,在老版本的sysbench中,可以通過(guò)--test參數(shù)指定測(cè)試的腳本;而在新版本中,--test參數(shù)已經(jīng)聲明為廢棄,可以不使用--test,而是直接指定腳本。測(cè)試時(shí)使用的腳本為lua腳本,可以使用sysbench自帶腳本,也可以自己開發(fā)。
options 關(guān)于MySQL的主要包括MySQL 連接信息參數(shù) 和 MySQL 執(zhí)行相關(guān)的參數(shù)。
4 測(cè)試
Step 1 準(zhǔn)備壓測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='textpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 prepare
step 2 壓測(cè)
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='textpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 run
也可以將測(cè)試結(jié)果導(dǎo)出到文件中,便于后續(xù)分析。
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='testpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 run >> ./mysysbench.log
step 3 清理壓測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='testpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 cleanup
5.注意事項(xiàng)
(1) 測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)需要提前創(chuàng)建,及時(shí)測(cè)試賬號(hào)擁有創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的權(quán)限。
--mysql-db 參數(shù)指定了測(cè)試的數(shù)據(jù),默認(rèn)是sbtest。
不提前創(chuàng)建,報(bào)錯(cuò)信息如下;
FATAL: `sysbench.cmdline.call_command' function failed: /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua:83: connection creation failed
(last message repeated 3 times)
FATAL: error 1049: Unknown database 'sysbench_db'
FATAL: `sysbench.cmdline.call_command' function failed: /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua:83: connection creation failed
FATAL: unable to connect to MySQL server on host 'XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX', port 3306, aborting...
(last message repeated 1 times)
FATAL: error 1049: Unknown database 'sysbench_db'
(last message repeated 1 times)
或是(不指定數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))
FATAL: `sysbench.cmdline.call_command' function failed: /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua:83: connection creation failed
FATAL: error 1049: Unknown database 'sbtest'
FATAL: unable to connect to MySQL server on host 'XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX', port 3306, aborting...
(2)不要在MySQL服務(wù)器運(yùn)行的機(jī)器上進(jìn)行測(cè)試,一方面可能無(wú)法體現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(哪怕是局域網(wǎng))的影響,另一方面,sysbench的運(yùn)行(尤其是設(shè)置的并發(fā)數(shù)較高時(shí))會(huì)影響MySQL服務(wù)器的表現(xiàn).
(3)逐步增加客戶端的并發(fā)連接數(shù)(--thread參數(shù)),觀察在連接數(shù)不同情況下,MySQL服務(wù)器的表現(xiàn)。
(4)如果連續(xù)進(jìn)行多次測(cè)試,注意確保之前測(cè)試的數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)被清理干凈。
(5)如果生成的報(bào)告,圖形化分析,可以通過(guò)gnuplot工具進(jìn)行分析。
總結(jié)
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的通過(guò)sysbench工具實(shí)現(xiàn)MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的性能測(cè)試的方法,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問(wèn)請(qǐng)給我留言,小編會(huì)及時(shí)回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對(duì)億速云網(wǎng)站的支持!
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