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該筆記用于系統(tǒng)上未裝過(guò)mysql的干凈系統(tǒng)第一次安裝mysql。自己指定安裝目錄,指定數(shù)據(jù)文件目錄。
linux系統(tǒng)版本: CentOS 7.3 64位
安裝源文件版本:mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql安裝位置:/software/mysql
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件數(shù)據(jù)位置:/data/mysql
注:未防止混淆,這里都用絕對(duì)路徑執(zhí)行命令
除了文件內(nèi)容中的#,這里所有帶#都是linux命令
>mysql 是mysql的命令
步驟:
1、在根目錄下創(chuàng)建文件夾software和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)文件/data/mysql
#mkdir /software/ #mkdir /data/mysql
2、上傳mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz文件到/software下
--------------------
這里我下載的帶了router和test的mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar文件,所以多一部解壓xz
-------------------- #cd /software/ #xz -d mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz #tar -xvf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
3、更改解壓縮后的文件夾名稱
#mv /software/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /software/mysql
4、創(chuàng)建mysql用戶組和mysql用戶
#groupadd mysql #useradd -r -g mysql mysql
5、關(guān)聯(lián)myql用戶到mysql用戶組中
#chown -R mysql:mysql /software/mysql/ #chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ #chown -R mysql /software/mysql/ #chown -R mysql /data/mysql
6、更改mysql安裝文件夾mysql/的權(quán)限
#chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/
7、安裝libaio依賴包,系統(tǒng)自帶的有這個(gè)依賴包所以不需要安裝,不過(guò)自帶的依賴包會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)
查詢是否暗轉(zhuǎn)libaio依賴包
#yum search libaio
如果沒(méi)安裝,可以用下面命令安裝
#yum install libaio
8、初始化mysql命令
#cd /software/mysql/bin #./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize
在執(zhí)行上面命令時(shí)特別要注意一行內(nèi)容
[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o*s#gqh)F4Ck
root@localhost: 后面跟的是mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)登錄的臨時(shí)密碼,各人安裝生成的臨時(shí)密碼不一樣
如果初始化時(shí)報(bào)錯(cuò)如下:
error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared objec
是因?yàn)閘ibnuma安裝的是32位,我們這里需要64位的,執(zhí)行下面語(yǔ)句就可以解決
#yum install numactl.x86_64
執(zhí)行完后重新初始化mysql命令
9、啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)
# sh /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
上面啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)命令是會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)的,因?yàn)闆](méi)有修改mysql的配置文件,報(bào)錯(cuò)內(nèi)容大致如下:
./support-files/mysql.server: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found
./support-files/mysql.server: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
10、修改Mysql配置文件
#vim /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
修改前
修改后
if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/software/mysql bindir=/software/mysql/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/data/mysql fi sbindir=/software/mysql/bin libexecdir=/software/mysql/bin else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi
保存退出
#cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
11、修改my.cnf文件
#vi /etc/my.cnf
將下面內(nèi)容復(fù)制替換當(dāng)前的my.cnf文件中的內(nèi)容
[client] no-beep socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock # pipe # socket=0.0 port=3306 [mysql] #原文的utf8指向UTF8MB3,后續(xù)版本要改為UTF8MB4,一步到位吧 default-character-set=UTF8MB4 [mysqld] basedir=/software/mysql datadir=/data/mysql port=3306 pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid #skip-grant-tables skip-name-resolve socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock character-set-server=utf8 default-storage-engine=INNODB explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true # Server Id. server-id=1 max_connections=2000 #query_cache_size在8.0版本已經(jīng)移除,故注釋 #query_cache_size=0 table_open_cache=2000 tmp_table_size=246M thread_cache_size=300 #限定用于每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)線程的棧大小。默認(rèn)設(shè)置足以滿足大多數(shù)應(yīng)用 thread_stack = 192k key_buffer_size=512M read_buffer_size=4M read_rnd_buffer_size=32M innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0 innodb_log_buffer_size=16M innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M innodb_log_file_size=128M innodb_thread_concurrency=128 innodb_autoextend_increment=1000 innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8 innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000 innodb_old_blocks_time=1000 innodb_open_files=300 innodb_stats_on_metadata=0 innodb_file_per_table=1 innodb_checksum_algorithm=0 back_log=80 flush_time=0 join_buffer_size=128M max_allowed_packet=1024M max_connect_errors=2000 open_files_limit=4161 #query_cache_type在8.0版本已經(jīng)移除,故注釋 #query_cache_type=0 sort_buffer_size=32M table_definition_cache=1400 binlog_row_event_max_size=8K sync_master_info=10000 sync_relay_log=10000 sync_relay_log_info=10000 #批量插入數(shù)據(jù)緩存大小,可以有效提高插入效率,默認(rèn)為8M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M interactive_timeout = 120 wait_timeout = 120 log-bin-trust-function-creators=1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES # # include all files from the config directory # !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
保存退出
12、啟動(dòng)mysql
#/etc/init.d/mysqld start
新版本的安裝包會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò),錯(cuò)誤內(nèi)容如下:
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/SZY.err'.
2018-07-02T10:09:03.779928Z mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not executable. Please cd to the mysql installation
directory and restart this script from there as follows:
./bin/mysqld_safe&
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysqld-safe.html for more information
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/software/mysql/mysqld.pid).
因?yàn)樾掳姹镜膍ysql安全啟動(dòng)安裝包只認(rèn)/usr/local/mysql這個(gè)路徑。
解決辦法:
方法1、建立軟連接
例
#cd /usr/local/mysql #ln -s /sofware/mysql/bin/myslqd mysqld
方法2、修改mysqld_safe文件(有強(qiáng)迫癥的同學(xué)建議這種,我用的這種)
# vim /software/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
將所有的/usr/local/mysql改為/software/mysql
保存退出。(可以將這個(gè)文件拷出來(lái)再修改然后替換)
13、登錄mysql
這里我登陸不了,被denny了,類似這樣的錯(cuò)誤:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)。
參考https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1188636
改為這個(gè)操作:
1.停止mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
(或者直接 kill -9 [PID] 殺進(jìn)程?。?/p>
2.執(zhí)行如下命令
mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
3.使用root登錄mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
mysql -u root mysql
4.更新root密碼
最新版MySQL請(qǐng)采用如下SQL:
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'newpassword';
5.刷新權(quán)限
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
6.退出mysql
mysql> quit
7.重啟mysql
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
8.使用root用戶重新登錄mysql
mysql -uroot -p Enter password: <輸入新設(shè)的密碼newpassword> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #/software/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p
14、輸入臨時(shí)密碼。臨時(shí)密碼就是第8條root@localhost:后面的內(nèi)容
15、修改mysql的登錄密碼
>mysql set password=password('root'); >mysql grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root'; >mysql flush privileges;
16、完成,此時(shí)mysql的登錄名root 登錄密碼root
總結(jié)
到此這篇關(guān)于linux 安裝 mysql 8.0.19 詳細(xì)步驟及問(wèn)題解決方法的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)linux安裝mysql8.0.19 內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索億速云以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持億速云!
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