MySQL中如何使用壓力測試工具

[root@mysql ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
................
[mysqld]
max_connections=1024
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

#查看最大連接數(shù)
mysql> show variables like 'max_connections';    
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name  | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| max_connections | 1024 |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install epel-release   #安裝第三方epel源
[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install sysbench      #安裝sysbench工具
[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --version      #確定工具已安裝
sysbench 1.0.17

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --help
Usage:
 sysbench [options]... [testname] [command]

Commands implemented by most tests: prepare run cleanup help # 可用的命令，四個

General options:      # 通用選項
 --threads=N           要使用的線程數(shù)，默認 1 個 [1]
 --events=N           最大允許的事件個數(shù) [0]
 --time=N            最大的總執(zhí)行時間，以秒為單位 [10]
 --forced-shutdown=STRING    在 --time 時間限制到達后，強制關(guān)閉之前等待的秒數(shù)，默認“off”禁用（number of seconds to wait after the --time limit before forcing shutdown, or 'off' to disable） [off]
 --thread-stack-size=SIZE    每個線程的堆棧大小 [64K]
 --rate=N            平均傳輸速率。0 則無限制 [0]
 --report-interval=N       以秒為單位定期報告具有指定間隔的中間統(tǒng)計信息 0 禁用中間報告 [0]
 --report-checkpoints=[LIST,...] 轉(zhuǎn)儲完整的統(tǒng)計信息并在指定的時間點重置所有計數(shù)器。參數(shù)是一個逗號分隔的值列表，表示從測試開始經(jīng)過這個時間量時必須執(zhí)行報告檢查點（以秒為單位）。報告檢查點默認關(guān)閉。 []
 --debug[=on|off]        打印更多 debug 信息 [off]
 --validate[=on|off]       盡可能執(zhí)行驗證檢查 [off]
 --help[=on|off]         顯示幫助信息并退出 [off]
 --version[=on|off]       顯示版本信息并退出 [off]
 --config-file=FILENAME     包含命令行選項的文件
 --tx-rate=N           廢棄，改用 --rate [0]
 --max-requests=N        廢棄，改用 --events [0]
 --max-time=N          廢棄，改用 --time [0]
 --num-threads=N         廢棄，改用 --threads [1]

Pseudo-Random Numbers Generator options:  # 偽隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器選項
 --rand-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special,pareto} [special]
 --rand-spec-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12]
 --rand-spec-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1]
 --rand-spec-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75]
 --rand-seed=N   seed for random number generator. When 0, the current time is used as a RNG seed. [0]
 --rand-pareto-h=N parameter h for pareto distribution [0.2]

Log options:  # 日志選項
 --verbosity=N verbosity level {5 - debug, 0 - only critical messages} [3]

 --percentile=N    percentile to calculate in latency statistics (1-100). Use the special value of 0 to disable percentile calculations [95]
 --histogram[=on|off] print latency histogram in report [off]

General database options:  # 通用的數(shù)據(jù)庫選項

 --db-driver=STRING 指定要使用的數(shù)據(jù)庫驅(qū)動程序 ('help' to get list of available drivers)
 --db-ps-mode=STRING prepared statements usage mode {auto, disable} [auto]
 --db-debug[=on|off] print database-specific debug information [off]

Compiled-in database drivers:  # 內(nèi)建的數(shù)據(jù)庫驅(qū)動程序，默認支持 MySQL 和 PostgreSQL
 mysql - MySQL driver
 pgsql - PostgreSQL driver

mysql options:       # MySQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫專用選項
 --mysql-host=[LIST,...]     MySQL server host [localhost]
 --mysql-port=[LIST,...]     MySQL server port [3306]
 --mysql-socket=[LIST,...]    MySQL socket
 --mysql-user=STRING       MySQL user [sbtest]
 --mysql-password=STRING     MySQL password []
 --mysql-db=STRING        MySQL database name [sbtest]
 --mysql-ssl[=on|off]       use SSL connections, if available in the client library [off]
 --mysql-ssl-cipher=STRING    use specific cipher for SSL connections []
 --mysql-compression[=on|off]   use compression, if available in the client library [off]
 --mysql-debug[=on|off]      trace all client library calls [off]
 --mysql-ignore-errors=[LIST,...] list of errors to ignore, or "all" [1213,1020,1205]
 --mysql-dry-run[=on|off]     Dry run, pretend that all MySQL client API calls are successful without executing them [off]

pgsql options:       # PostgreSQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫專用選項
 --pgsql-host=STRING   PostgreSQL server host [localhost]
 --pgsql-port=N     PostgreSQL server port [5432]
 --pgsql-user=STRING   PostgreSQL user [sbtest]
 --pgsql-password=STRING PostgreSQL password []
 --pgsql-db=STRING    PostgreSQL database name [sbtest]

Compiled-in tests:     # 內(nèi)建測試類型
 fileio - File I/O test
 cpu - CPU performance test
 memory - Memory functions speed test
 threads - Threads subsystem performance test
 mutex - Mutex performance test

See 'sysbench <testname> help' for a list of options for each test.

#查看sysbench自帶的lua腳本使用方法
[root@mysql ~]# sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua help
#必須創(chuàng)建sbtest庫，sbtest事sysbench默認使用的庫名
[root@mysql ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123 create sbtest;
#然后，準備測試所用的表，這些測試表放在測試庫sbtest中。這里使用的lua腳本為/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua
[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 \
> --mysql-port=3306 \
> --mysql-user=root \
> --mysql-password=123 \
> /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua \
> --tables=10 \
> --table_size=100000 \
> prepare
#其中--tables=10表示創(chuàng)建10個測試表，
#--table_size=100000表示每個表中插入10W行數(shù)據(jù)，
#prepare表示這是準備數(shù)的過程。

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 sbtest;    #登錄到sbtest庫
mysql> show tables;      #查看相應(yīng)的表
+------------------+
| Tables_in_sbtest |
+------------------+
| sbtest1     |
| sbtest10     |
| sbtest2     |
| sbtest3     |
| sbtest4     |
| sbtest5     |
| sbtest6     |
| sbtest7     |
| sbtest8     |
| sbtest9     |
+------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from sbtest1;    #隨機選擇一個表，確認其有100000條數(shù)據(jù)
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  100000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

#執(zhí)行測試命令如下：
[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --threads=4 \
> --time=20 \
> --report-interval=5 \
> --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 \
> --mysql-port=3306 \
> --mysql-user=root \
> --mysql-password=123 \
> /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua \
> --tables=10 \
> --table_size=100000 \
> run

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --threads=4 --time=20 --report-interval=5 --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=123 /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --tables=10 --table_size=100000 run

sysbench 1.0.17 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4)

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 4
Report intermediate results every 5 second(s)
Initializing random number generator from current time

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!
#以下是每5秒返回一次的結(jié)果，統(tǒng)計的指標包括：
# 線程數(shù)、tps(每秒事務(wù)數(shù))、qps(每秒查詢數(shù))、
# 每秒的讀/寫/其它次數(shù)、延遲、每秒錯誤數(shù)、每秒重連次數(shù)
[ 5s ] thds: 4 tps: 1040.21 qps: 20815.65 (r/w/o: 14573.17/4161.25/2081.22) lat (ms,95%): 7.17 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
[ 10s ] thds: 4 tps: 1083.34 qps: 21667.15 (r/w/o: 15165.93/4334.55/2166.68) lat (ms,95%): 6.55 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
[ 15s ] thds: 4 tps: 1121.57 qps: 22429.09 (r/w/o: 15700.64/4485.30/2243.15) lat (ms,95%): 6.55 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
[ 20s ] thds: 4 tps: 1141.69 qps: 22831.98 (r/w/o: 15982.65/4566.16/2283.18) lat (ms,95%): 6.09 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
SQL statistics:
  queries performed:
    read:              307146     # 執(zhí)行的讀操作數(shù)量
    write:              87756      # 執(zhí)行的寫操作數(shù)量
    other:              43878     # 執(zhí)行的其它操作數(shù)量
    total:              438780
  transactions:            21939 (1096.57 per sec.)    # 執(zhí)行事務(wù)的平均速率
  queries:               438780 (21931.37 per sec.)    # 平均每秒能執(zhí)行多少次查詢
  ignored errors:           0   (0.00 per sec.)
  reconnects:             0   (0.00 per sec.)

General statistics:
  total time:             20.0055s      # 總消耗時間
  total number of events:       21939     # 總請求數(shù)量(讀、寫、其它)

Latency (ms):
     min:                  1.39
     avg:                  3.64
     max:                 192.05
     95th percentile:            6.67     # 采樣計算的平均延遲
     sum:                79964.26

Threads fairness:
  events (avg/stddev):      5484.7500/15.12
  execution time (avg/stddev):  19.9911/0.00

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --help
   .......... # 省略部分內(nèi)容
Compiled-in tests:
 fileio - File I/O test
 cpu - CPU performance test
 memory - Memory functions speed test
 threads - Threads subsystem performance test
 mutex - Mutex performance test

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench fileio help
sysbench 1.0.17 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4)

fileio options:
 --file-num=N         number of files to create [128]
 --file-block-size=N      block size to use in all IO operations [16384]
 --file-total-size=SIZE    total size of files to create [2G]
 --file-test-mode=STRING    test mode {seqwr, seqrewr, seqrd, rndrd, rndwr, rndrw}
 --file-io-mode=STRING     file operations mode {sync,async,mmap} [sync]
 --file-async-backlog=N    number of asynchronous operatons to queue per thread [128]
 --file-extra-flags=[LIST,...] list of additional flags to use to open files {sync,dsync,direct} []
 --file-fsync-freq=N      do fsync() after this number of requests (0 - don't use fsync()) [100]
 --file-fsync-all[=on|off]   do fsync() after each write operation [off]
 --file-fsync-end[=on|off]   do fsync() at the end of test [on]
 --file-fsync-mode=STRING   which method to use for synchronization {fsync, fdatasync} [fsync]
 --file-merged-requests=N   merge at most this number of IO requests if possible (0 - don't merge) [0]
 --file-rw-ratio=N       reads/writes ratio for combined test [1.5]

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench fileio --file-num=5 --file-total-size=2G prepare
[root@mysql ~]# ll -lh test*
-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.0
-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.1
-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.2
-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.3
-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.4

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --events=5000 \
> --threads=16 \
> fileio \
> --file-num=5 \
> --file-total-size=2G \
> --file-test-mode=rndrw \
> --file-fsync-freq=0 \
> --file-block-size=16384 \
> run

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 16
Initializing random number generator from current time

Extra file open flags: (none)
5 files, 409.6MiB each
2GiB total file size
Block size 16KiB
Number of IO requests: 5000
Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50
Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.
Using synchronous I/O mode
Doing random r/w test
Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

File operations:
  reads/s:           9899.03
  writes/s:           6621.38
  fsyncs/s:           264.33

Throughput:        # 吞吐量
  read, MiB/s:         154.66   #表示讀帶寬
  written, MiB/s:        103.46   #表示寫的帶寬

General statistics:
  total time:             0.3014s
  total number of events:       5000

Latency (ms):
     min:                  0.00
     avg:                  0.81
     max:                  53.56
     95th percentile:            4.10
     sum:                 4030.48

Threads fairness:
  events (avg/stddev):      312.5000/27.64
  execution time (avg/stddev):  0.2519/0.02

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench cpu --threads=40 --events=10000 --cpu-max-prime=20000 run